复方二矾浸液与鹅掌风药液对照治疗手癣216例

复方二矾浸液与鹅掌风药液对照治疗手癣２１６例湖南中医学院附一医院（４１０００７）杨志波主题词癣／中医药疗法，手皮肤病／中医药疗法，＠复方二矾浸液复方二矾浸液是著名皮肤科教授欧阳恒根据自己长期临床经验，在参阅大量的古今文献基础上，以二矾汤为主加减，不断...     

柔肤愈裂搓贴的体外抑菌实验研究

目的观察柔肤愈裂搓贴对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的抑菌药理作用，为临床选择外用抗真菌药物提供依据。方法通过真菌培养实验进行体外抗茵效果和抑菌浓度试验。采用体外抑菌试验药基法观察柔肤愈裂搓贴抗皮肤癣菌等菌株感染的效果。设柔肤愈裂搓贴组、复方土槿皮酊组，检测各组对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果柔肤愈裂搓贴对石膏样毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌等菌株具有不同程度的抑菌作用，各组对不同菌种的MIC90值范围为148—429μg／ml，对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的MIC均值分别为：柔肤愈裂搓贴组0．0718mg／ml、0．1436mg／ml，2％复方土槿皮酊组0．0670mg／ml、0．0769mg／ml。柔肤愈裂搓贴抗红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌作用与复方土槿皮酊无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论柔肤愈裂搓贴对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌均有抑制作用，表明柔肤愈裂搓贴具有抗皮肤癣菌感染作用。     

祛癣灵涂剂抗真菌的研究

目的：研究祛癣灵涂剂的抗真菌作用。方法：采用体外、体表抗真菌试验方法,观察祛癣灵涂剂的体外、体表抗真菌效果.结果：祛癣灵涂剂对絮状表皮癣菌、白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、羊毛样小孢子菌、石膏样小孢子菌、紫色癣菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为1.80、7.20、3.60、3.60、3.60、3.60、1.80g/ml;祛癣灵涂剂对红色毛癣菌所造成的体表感染治疗的有效率达90%,与空白对照组存在显著差异。结论：祛癣灵涂剂具有明显的抗真菌效果。     

维药地锦草软膏的体外抗真菌及其对豚鼠皮肤真菌感染的治疗作用研究

目的:对地锦草软膏进行体外抗真菌实验,测定其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值,观察地锦草软膏对豚鼠皮肤真菌感染的疗效。方法:采用NCCLS《产孢丝状真菌的液基稀释抗真菌药敏试验参考方案》(M38-P)方案,观察对红色毛癣菌(T.r)、石膏样毛癣菌(T.m)、石膏样小孢子菌(M.g)、絮状表皮癣菌(E.f)等临床常见皮肤癣菌的M IC,同时制备豚鼠皮肤红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌感染模型,用地锦草软膏进行治疗并观察抗真菌效果。结果:地锦草软膏对石膏样毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌等4种30株具有不同程度的抑菌作用,对不同菌种的MIC90值范围为148~429μg/ml。其中对T.r的敏感性最强,抗菌谱由强至弱以此为T.rubrum、T.mentographytes、E.floccosum、Mgypseum。同时地锦草软膏能够减轻真菌所致豚鼠皮肤病变程度,提高豚鼠治愈率和真菌镜检转阴率,其中大剂量疗效均较盐酸特比萘芬乳膏和空白对照组优。结论:地锦草软膏对临床常见皮肤癣菌具有显著的抗真菌作用,对豚鼠皮肤癣菌感染具有明显的抗真菌效果。     

硝矾散及其拆方对红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌体外药敏作用研究

目的：观察硝矾散及其拆方对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的药敏作用.方法：将2%硝矾散及其拆方分为3组,另设克霉唑癣药水组.采用体外抑菌试验药基法检测4组对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）.结果：各组对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的MIC均值分别为：2%硝矾散组0.0718mg/ml、0.0670mg/ml,2%枯矾组0.1436mg/ml、0.2500mg/ml,2%芒硝组0.4061mg/ml、0.5359mg/ml,2%复方克霉唑癣药水组0.0670mg/ml、0.0769mg/ml.2%硝矾散复方效果优于拆方,有显著性差异（P＜0.05）;2%硝矾散抗红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌作用与2%复方克霉唑癣药水无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.结论：硝矾散及其拆方对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌均有抑制作用,复方作用优于拆方.     

大蒜超临界萃取物体外抗真菌活性研究

目的:研究大蒜超临界萃取物体外抗真菌活性。方法:采用培养基药物浓度稀释法测试大蒜超临界萃取物对15株皮肤癣菌(上海株:断发毛癣菌、大脑状毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、羊毛状小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌;武汉株:红色毛癣菌、须毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、无色红毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌、羊毛状小孢子菌、絮状毛癣菌、白色念珠菌)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果:大蒜超临界萃取物对上海株(断发毛癣菌)、武汉株(须毛癣菌、羊毛状小孢子菌及无色红毛癣菌)4株菌株的MIC为3.13 mg·L-1,对上海株(石膏样小孢子菌、羊毛状小孢子菌)及武汉株(羊毛状小孢子菌)3株菌株的MIC为1.56 mg·L-1,对上海株(大脑状毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌)、武汉株(红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌及白色念珠菌)7株菌株的MIC均小于0.78 mg·L-1。杀菌实验结果显示对上海株(石膏样小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌)、武汉株(猴毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌)4株菌株的MBC为6.25 mg·L-1,对上海株(断发毛癣菌、羊毛状小孢子菌)、武汉株(红色毛癣菌、无色红色毛癣菌及犬小孢子菌)5株菌株的MBC为3.13 mg·L-1,对大脑状毛癣菌上海株的MBC为1.56mg·L-1,对上海株(红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌)、武汉株(石膏样毛癣菌、白色念珠菌)4株菌株的MBC均小于0.78 mg·L-1。结论:大蒜超临界萃取物对15株皮肤癣菌有较强的体外抗真菌活性。     

硝矾散抗真菌药效学研究

目的:研究硝矾散的抗真菌药效学作用.方法:采用浓度梯度法研究硝矾散对红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌株的体外抑菌作用.结果:2%硝矾散对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)范围分别为0.0625～0.125 mg/mL、0.03125～0.125mg/mL,两组比较差异无显著性;2%和4%硝矾散对豚鼠须癣毛癣菌感染足癣、体癣有较好疗效,与1%足光粉比较差异无显著性,与蒸馏水组比较差异有显著性;4%和6%硝矾散止痒作用与2%足光粉相比差异无显著性,与蒸馏水组比较差异有显著性.结论:硝矾散外用具有一定抗真菌及止痒作用.     

百癣夏塔热对皮肤癣菌超微结构的影响

电镜作为一种先进的工具以其独有的高分辨性能在形态学诊断中起着不可替代的作用。红色毛癣菌和石膏样毛癣菌是临床最常见的致病性皮肤癣菌。体外抗真菌活性研究表明[1],百癣夏塔热对皮肤癣菌具有较强的抑菌作用。本文利用扫描电镜和透射电镜,以红色毛癣菌和石膏样毛癣菌为研究对象,了解药物作用后真菌外部和内部超微结构的变化,为进一步深入研究百癣夏塔热抗真菌靶位和百癣夏塔热作为先导物提供必要的信息。为临床应用百癣夏塔热治疗皮肤癣菌病提供科学依据。1材料与方法1.1观察菌株T.rubrum40017,T.m entagrophytys60002,来自新医大一附…     

维药雅丽蔓制剂体外抗真菌作用研究

目的：对雅丽蔓制剂进行体外抗真菌实验，测定其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值。方法：采用NCCLS《产孢丝状真菌的液基稀释抗真菌药敏试验参考方案》（M-38P）方案测定临床常见皮肤癣菌红色毛癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌的MIC值。结果：雅丽蔓制剂对石膏样毛癣菌（T．M）的MIC90为190．46ug／ml，平均MIC128ug／ml，对红色毛癣菌（T．r）的MIC90为148．57ug／ml平均NIC93．42ug／ml，对絮状表皮癣菌（E．f）的MIC90为311．27ug／ml，平均MIC128ug／ml，对石膏样小孢子菌（M．g）的MIC90，为429．54ug／ml，平均MIC194．01ug／ml。雅丽蔓制剂对真菌中不同菌种的MIC90值范围为148～429ug／ml。结论：雅丽蔓制剂对临床常见皮肤癣菌具有显著的抗真菌作用。     

荷芩止痒搽剂体外抗菌活性的研究

目的:观察荷芩止痒搽剂对常见皮肤致病菌体外抗菌试验效果。方法:采用平皿钢圈法对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单孢菌(绿脓杆菌)、白假丝酵母、紧密单孢枝霉、裴氏着色真菌、石膏样小孢子菌、星形石膏样毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、疣状毛癣菌和犬小孢子菌10种皮肤感染常见致病菌的抗菌效果进行观察。结果:荷芩止痒搽剂原液对金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单孢菌(绿脓杆菌)抑菌圈分别为24mm和11mm;白假丝酵母、紧密单孢枝霉、裴氏着色真菌、石膏样小孢子菌、星形石膏样毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、疣状毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌无指示菌生长。结论:荷芩止痒搽剂浓缩液(2∶1)、原液、1∶1、1∶8、1∶16以及1∶32倍液对本次试验所观察的10种常见皮肤致病菌有不同程度抗菌作用。     

Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatophytic infections. 1. Screening for antimycotic activity of 44 plant extracts

Skin infections are common diseases in developing countries, of which dermatophytoses are of particular concern in the tropics, especially in infants. Through ethnobotanical surveys and literature review 100 plants were detected as being used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatophytoses. Of these, 44 plants were screened for in vitro activity against the most common dermatophytes (Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum). Results showed that aqueous extracts from 22 of the plants tested inhibit one or more of the dermatophytes. The most commonly inhibited dermatophytes were E. floccosum (43.2%), T. rubrum (36.0%), and T. mentagrophytes (31.8%); the less inhibited were M. canis (22.7%) and M. gypseum (24.0%). Plants of American origin which exhibited anti-dermatophyte activity were: Byrsonima crassifolia, Cassia grandis, Cassia occidentalis, Diphysa carthagenensis, Gliricidia sepium, Piscidia piscipula, Sambucus mexicana, Smilax regelii, Solanum americanum and Solanum nigrescens. Fungicidal and fungistatic activities as well as the minimal inhibitory concentration were demonstrated. These results provide a scientific basis for the use of these plants for the treatment of dermatophyte infections in man.     

冰黄肤乐软膏抗皮肤癣菌活性及止痒作用研究

目的：研究冰黄肤乐软膏抗皮肤癣菌活性及止痒作用。方法：使用体外抑菌法及豚鼠止痒模型。结果：冰黄肤乐软膏对皮肤癣菌三个属（毛癣菌属、表皮癣菌属、小孢子菌属）的代表株及临床株均有较强的抑菌和杀菌作用,并且对磷酸组胺豚鼠痒阈值具显著提高作用。结论：冰黄肤乐软膏为一具有较好的抗癣止痒作用的天然药物复方制剂。     

Antifungal activities of seven West African Combretaceae used in traditional medicine.

Seven species of Combretaceae were investigated for their antifungal activity against the pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Pteleopsis suberosa and Terminalia avicennioides appear to be the most active plants. Phytochemical screening shows that these plants are particularly rich in tannins and saponins, which might be responsible for their antifungal activity.     

Constituents of the Argentinian medicinal plant Baccharis grisebachii and their antimicrobial activity

The resinous exudate of Baccharis grisebachii which is used to treat ulcers, burns, and skin sores in Argentina showed activity towards dermatophytes and bacteria. Two diterpenes, eight p-coumaric acid derivatives, and two flavones were isolated from the exudate and the structures elucidated by spectroscopic methods. 3-Prenyl-p-coumaric acid and 3,5-diprenyl-p-coumaric acid were active towards Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton rubrum with MICs of 50 and 100-125 microg/ml, respectively. The diterpene labda-7,13E-dien-2beta,15-diol was active towards Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton rubrum with MICs of 12.5 microg/ml while the MIC against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was 25 microg/ml. The diterpene was also active towards Microsporum gypseum with a MIC of 50 microg/ml, and showed inhibition in both Staphylococcus aureus (methicilline resistant and sensible strains) with MICs of 125 microg/ml. The results support the use of Baccharis grisebachii in Argentinian traditional medicine.     

Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Syzygium jambolanum seeds

The water and methanolic extracts of Syzygium jambolanum seeds were examined for antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro using the disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration. Activity against gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli) and fungal strains (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp., Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum) is discussed.     

Antidermatophytic activity of extracts from Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae) correlated with the presence of a flavonoid compound

Extracts obtained from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia showed several degrees of antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum by the disc diffusion method on a Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium. Methanol extract of the seeds at 250 microg exhibited the maximum inhibition with a halo of 28 mm diameter. Six different bands were obtained when the methanol extract was subjected to TLC. 13C NMR and Mass spectra revealed that the active compound would be a flavonoid, 4'-methoxy flavone. MIC of the active compound along with standard miconazole was carried out using tube dilution technique.     

Antidermatophytic properties of extracts from the leaves of Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel

Several fractions of a methanol extract from the leaves of Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel (Aristolochiaceae) were screened for their antidermatophytic efficiency against different human pathogenic fungi responsible for tinea and other skin infections. The antifungal study was carried out by the macrodilution agar method and the results showed that, with the exception of the aqueous fraction, all the fractions exhibited antifungal activities against the dermatophytic fungi tested. The hexane fraction was found to be the most effective (MIC range: 64-2048 microg/mL), whereas the butanol fraction was the least active (MIC range: 1024 microg/mL to more than 2048 microg/mL). The most susceptible fungi were Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton violaceum in contrast to Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trychophyton rubrum which were less sensitive to the fractions tested. The effects were compared with those of ketoconazole, amphotericin B and griseofulvin, for which MIC ranges were, respectively, 0.12-4 microg/mL, 0.5-4 microg/mL and 0.5-2 microg/mL.     

苎麻织物对红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌的抑制作用

目的通过分析苎麻织物对红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌生长的影响,探讨苎麻织物对常见皮肤癣菌的抑制作用。方法实验采用改良的烧瓶振荡法和奎因法。前者是将苎麻坯布分别与红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌混合振荡培养,对照组为棉坯布组,3 d后分别取培养液稀释5倍后涂布培养皿,计算各自的菌落数和抑菌率并进行统计分析。后者是将2种真菌分别接种在苎麻坯布上,培养60 h后与对照组比较菌落生长情况。结果改良烧瓶振荡法结果显示苎麻织物组抑菌率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),苎麻织物对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌的抑菌率分别为40%和37%;改良奎因法显示苎麻织物组2种真菌的菌团明显小于对照组。结论苎麻织物可抑制红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌的生长。     

A new antifungal and antiprotozoal depside from the Andean lichen Protousnea poeppigii

Extracts from the Andean lichens Protousnea poeppigii and Usnea florida displayed antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic fungi Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum with MIC values between 50 and 100 microg/mL. From the active extracts, four main metabolites were isolated and identified as the new depside, isodivaricatic acid, and the known metabolites 5-propylresorcinol, divaricatinic acid and usnic acid. Isodivaricatic acid and divaricatinic acid presented antifungal effect towards M. gypseum with a MIC of 50 microg/mL and against T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum and with MIC values of 50 and 100 microg/mL, respectively. The new isodivaricatic acid was active towards Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania brasiliensis and Leishmania infantum promastigotes with 100% lysis at 100 microg/mL.The activity of the new compound decreased on acetylation of the hydroxy groups as well as on methylation of the acid function. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means. The spectroscopic data of isodivaricatic acid are presented here for the first time.