微波辅助萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中多环芳烃

建立了用微波辅助萃取-高效液相色谱测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的方法．对萃取剂的种类,萃取方式以及微波条件进行了优化．该方法线性范围宽,检测限为0．16～11．2μg／L,相对标准偏差在1．63％～6．51％之间,加标回收率在61．3％～129．2％之间．结果表明,该方法用于测定土壤中的多环芳烃具有简便、灵敏度高和重复性好等优点,是一个有实用价值的检测方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定土壤中的多环芳烃

采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器快速测定土壤中15种多环芳烃。通过对液相色谱柱、梯度洗脱程序、检测波长程序及柱温等液相色谱条件的选择和优化,使土壤样品中15种多环芳烃在32min内得到完全分离,方法的最低检出限为0.0002～0.0045 mg/kg,回收率为71.20%～95.07%,RSD为5%～10%。该优化方法的精密度高、检出限低、重复性好,是一种能够快速、准确测定土壤中多环芳烃的检测方法。     

凝胶净化-固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定烤肉中的16种多环芳烃

建立了烤肉中16种多环芳烃的凝胶净化-固相萃取-高效液相色谱(GPC-SPE-HPLC)的定量检测方法.样品经丙酮:正己垸(1:1)混合溶液超声30min提取.凝胶色谱和硅胶固相萃取净化,高效液相色谱配荧光检测器和紫外检测器分析.结果表明:线性关系R≥0.997.在50μg/kg添加水平各化合物的回收率为88.4%~102.1%,RSD(n=7)≤5.35 oA.检出限为0.2pg/kg~1.0μg/kg.该方法灵敏度高、重现性好,可同时检测烤内中16种PAHs.     

高效液相色谱法测定地表灰尘中的16种多环芳烃

用高效液相色谱分析方法测定了地表灰尘中16种多环芳烃.样品经超声提取、硅胶萃取柱净化后,用液相色谱测定.优化了试验条件,16种多环芳烃的检出限为0.08~4.65μg/kg,方法线性关系良好,基质加标回收率为77.6;~113.7;,相对标准偏差为1.26;~7.32;     

反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆中多沙唑嗪

采用固相萃取反相高效液相色谱法测定小鼠血浆中的多沙唑嗪．血浆样品经过C18固相萃取小柱净化后,在 YMC C18色谱柱(4．6 mm×250 mm,5μm)上,以甲醇-0．02 mol／L磷酸二氢钾溶液(体积比70:30,pH 3．0)为流动相,流速0．6 mL／min,检测波长246 nm对多沙唑嗪进行测定．实验结果表明,多沙唑嗪的血药浓度在0．2-50 μg／mL范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为99．06％,精密度为2．5％,最低检测限为0．1 μg／mL,该方法简便、快速、准确度高、可靠性好．     

超声萃取—高效液相色谱测定沉积物中的多环芳烃

用正己烷—丙酮(1∶1,体积比)混合液作溶剂,超声萃取提取沉积物中的16种多环芳烃组分.萃取液经硅胶小柱层析净化,旋转蒸发仪浓缩,最后用高效液相色谱—荧光串联紫外检测器分析,并进行加标回收测定.16种多环芳烃的检测限为0.34～1.52 ng· g-1,经精密度试验,相对标准偏差均＜15％,回收率在57.09％～103...     

高效液相色谱法检测土壤中的5种多环芳烃

建立索氏提取-高效液相色谱分离,紫外检测萘、联苯、苊、菲、蒽5种多环芳烃的分析方法,并对流动相组成、柱温、流速等色谱分离条件进行了详细的探讨,在优化的条件下,5种多环芳烃在22min内达到基线分离,检测限在0.001～0.03μg.mL-1之间.且将该方法成功地用于校园内3个地点的土壤中多环芳烃的测定.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法测定原料乳中三聚氰胺

原料乳经三氯乙酸和乙腈提取,高速离心后取上清液,用阳离子交换固相萃取小柱净化后,以乙腈一庚烷磺酸钠缓冲液作流动相,采用AgilemZorbax300-SCX250×4．6mm色谱柱分离,高效液相色谱一二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-DAD）,外标法定量。方法线性范围0．005-5．00gg／mL,相关系数r〉0．9999,加标回收率为103．6％-105．2％,RSD为O．26％,保留时间在6．82min左右,检出限为O．5mg／kg。该方法简单、快速,适用于大批量样品的快速检验和乳制品出厂检验。     

HPLC法测定奶粉中痕量炔雌醇

建立了高效液相色谱（HPLC）法测定奶粉中炔雌醇残留量的方法。样品以乙腈振荡萃取、离心,提取液浓缩后经O．45μm滤膜过滤,冷冻去脂,进高效液相色谱仪分析。研究了萃取溶剂、萃取及浓缩方式对萃取效率的影响,确立了色谱检测条件。乙腈-水（50：50）为流动相,流速1mL／min,柱温30℃,检测波长224nm。方法的检出限为16μg／kg,加标回收率在86．5％～97．0％之间,工作曲线的相关系数为0．9990,相对标准偏差为0．95％～2．01％（n=3）。方法快速、灵敏度高、分离效果好,样品处理简单、无杂质干扰,能够满足奶粉中雌激素分析的需要。     

高效液相色谱法测定花生中黄曲霉素的含量

目的测出黄曲霉素在花生中的含量。方法采用高效液相谱（HPLC）法，使用Agilent1100色谱柱；在柱温30℃；乙腈-甲醇-水（1：1：2）为流动相；流速为1．0ml／min；荧光检测器；激发波长为360nm；发射波长为450nm的条件下测定。待测物经甲醇萃取及免疫亲合柱提取，内标法峰面积定量。结果黄曲霉素的色谱响应线性关系良好，方法重复性的RSD为0．38％，平均回收率为78．4％。结论该方法专属性强，灵敏度高，精密度和准确度好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to