重度烧伤患者休克期血浆B型钠尿肽含量变化及意义

目的 了解重度烧伤患者休克期血浆B型钠尿肽(BNP)含量变化,探讨其临床意义.方法 选择笔者单位收治的伤后4 h内入院、年龄18～60岁、烧伤总面积大于或等于30%或者Ⅲ度面积大于或等于10%TBSA的患者42例,分为:烧伤A组,总面积30%～50%或者Ⅲ度10%～20%TBSA;烧伤B组:总面积大于50%或Ⅲ度大干20%TBSA.每组各21例.以同期住院的20例整形患者为对照组.检测各组患者入院时血浆BNP、肌酸激酶(CK)、心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)及肌钙蛋白I(TnI)水平.测定并计算42例烧伤患者伤后8、16、24、48 h TnI、BNP及液体入量的整体水平.对其中的BNP值与液体人量作相关性分析.结果 入院时,烧伤A组患者BNP值为(68±19)ng/L,烧伤B组为(99±38)ng/L,均明显高于对照组[(17±7)ng/L,P<0.01];烧伤A、B组TnI值[(2.13±0.67)、(2.98±0.58)μg/L]亦明显高于对照组[(0.12±0.03)μg/L,P<0.01];3组患者CK、CK-MB值接近(P>0.05).42例烧伤患者伤后48 h内BNP持续增高,与液体人量呈正相关;TnI于伤后24 h达高峰,伤后48 h下降.结论 血浆BNP是反映重度烧伤后早期心肌缺血缺氧变化的敏感指标,且与早期液体复苏量呈正相关,可用于指导休克期液体复苏.     

烧伤休克期有关补液公式的临床应用与评价

目的 评价第三军医大学烧伤休克期补液公式(简称三医大公式)在大面积烧伤患者休克防治中的应用.方法 选择2005-2007年笔者单位收治的热力烧伤患者(烧伤总面积大于或等于30%TBSA、伤后8 h内入院且无特殊疾患)共71例,分为成人组(46例)、小儿组(25例).患者入院后即按照三医大公式进行液体复苏治疗,同时监测尿量、心率、血压等指标,根据患者实际情况随时调整补液速度.记录并统计2组患者补液量、实际补液系数、尿量. 结果 71例患者均平稳度过休克期,未发生明显的因液体复苏引起的相关并发症.成人组伤后第1、2个24 h及小儿组伤后第2个24 h的实际补液量超过各自计划补液量的16%～38%.成人组第1、2个24 h的实际补液系数大于公式所要求的补液系数.2组患者第1个24 h尿量为1.1～1.2 mL·kg-1·h-1左右;第2个24 h成人组为(1.2±0.4)mL·kg-1·h-1,小儿组为(1.7±0.5)mL·kg-1·h-1. 结论 三医大公式是大面积烧伤患者休克期治疗的较好选择,在应用此公式时须强调进行个性化液体复苏治疗.     

烧伤合并伤寒一例

患者男,30岁,因浓硫酸烧伤全身多处,伤后30 min入院.诊断:特重度烧伤总面积85%,其中浅Ⅱ度72%、深Ⅱ度9%、Ⅲ度4%TBSA.人院后给予补液抗休克,青霉素、替硝唑抗感染等治疗.监测患者生命体征、尿量,维持电解质及酸碱平衡.     

烧伤后早期应用不同液体复苏血钠和红细胞变化的临床研究

目的　观察烧伤后早期应用不同液体复苏患者血钠和红细胞的变化。方法　将 15 0例烧伤患者分为 3组 ,A组为中、小面积烧伤患者 5 0例 ,给予平衡盐溶液 (钠离子 130mmol/L)复苏 ;B组为大面积烧伤患者 5 0例 ,液体复苏方法同A组 ;C组为大面积烧伤患者 5 0例 ,给予高渗乳酸钠溶液 (钠离子 174mmol/L)复苏。观察伤后 1～ 3d患者的补液总量、血钠、红细胞数量及红细胞平均体积 (MCV)的变化。对A、B组患者的烧伤指数 (BI)与其伤后 1d的血钠值作相关性分析。　 结果　伤后 3d内A组患者补液总量、补钠量均低于其他两组 (P <0.0 1);C组补液总量低于B组 ,而补钠量多于B组 (P <0.0 1)。伤后 3d内B组血钠值接近正常值下限 ,C组血钠值接近正常值上限 ,前者明显低于后者 (P <0.0 5或 0 .0 1)。伤后 3d内B、C组的红细胞数量相近 (P >0.0 5 )。伤后 1dB、C组患者的MCV分别为 (95 .5± 5 .5 )、(92 .1± 4 .5 )fl,伤后 2d各为 (93.2± 6 .4 )、(90 .9± 5 .4 )fl,组间比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0.0 5 )。A、B组患者伤后 1d的血钠值与自身BI呈负相关 (r=- 0 84,P<0.0 1)。　 结论　大面积烧伤患者伤后早期采用高渗盐溶液复苏 ,血钠值平稳且红细胞的肿胀程度较轻     

严重烧伤早期应用不同浓度含钠复苏液对机体内环境的影响

目的 探讨严重烧伤早期应用不同浓度含钠复苏液对机体内环境的影响。方法 35例烧伤面积（总面积/Ⅲ度面积）为50％－100％／20％－88％的患,根据输入液体中电解质含量的不同分为A组（17例,含钠量174mmol/L)和B组（17例,含钠量130mmol/L)。于伤后1－5d观察患的液体输入量、血浆电解质渗透压、血浆白蛋白／球蛋白比值、尿量及其pH值和全身水肿程度。结果 A组3d内平均每小时输入量较B组少20－30ml;5d内A组钠离子总输入量高于B组;A组肾脏钠滤过分数5d内均在正常范围内,而B组低于正常,说明这与钠离子输入较少、水输入过多有关。结论 早期电解质复苏液中钠离子的浓度和水的负荷对机体内环境有较大的影响,应用复方乳酸钠林格液于胶体＋电解质型公式补液时,其补水量应相应减少。     

犬烧伤休克延迟复苏的实验研究

目的探讨应用林格液进行烧伤休克延迟复苏的效果.方法12只犬随机分为对照组(S组,6只)和治疗组(LR组,6只).LR组采用35%TBSAⅢ度烧伤模型,伤后6h以乳酸林格液进行复苏,并以尿量为1.0ml@kg-1@h-1及心输出量为伤前值的70%～80%来调整输液速度及输入量,观察其在伤后第一个24h复苏中的容量负荷、平均动脉压(MAP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左室内压最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dtmax)、心脏排血指数(CI)、氧供给(DO2)及氧消耗(VO2)等的变化.结果乳酸林格液在烧伤休克延迟复苏后第一个24h的复苏中,每1%烧伤面积的输液量为(887±1.02)ml/kg,比采用Parkland公式复苏多1.2倍,其中在复苏后4h内的输液量为(3.63±0.99)ml/kg,为总入量的41%;MAP、LVSP、±dp/dtmax、CI、DO2及VO2等指标在复苏后2h即达到或接近对照组水平.结论乳酸林格液在烧伤休克延迟复苏中,比早期复苏需要更多的液体量才能满足需求,而血流动力学、心肌功能及氧动力学等在复苏后2h即有明显改善.     

改善早期补液方式减轻烧伤后早期内脏损害

20世纪50年代初Evans创立了补充胶体与电解质溶液的Evans公式，奠立了烧伤补液公式的基本原则。如：(1)烧伤体液丧失量与烧伤面积、体重成正比。(2)烧伤丧失的液体类似血浆，应补充血浆与电解质，同时要补充必需水分。(3)烧伤后体液立即丧失，6-8h至高峰，故伤后第1个8h应补充24h补液量的一半。(4)主要依靠尿量进行监护。随后有许多补液公式问世。但自应用有创监护以来，虽然用传统公式复苏能使患度过休克期，     

卡巴胆碱对犬烧伤休克早期口服补液效果的影响

目的 观察卡巴胆碱对50%总体表面积(TBSA)Ⅲ度烧伤早期口服补液效果的影响.方法 Beagle犬17条,先期行颈动、静脉、胃及膀胱置管,24 h后用凝固汽油燃烧造成50%TBSAⅢ度烧伤.随机分为不补液组、胃内补液组和胃内补液+卡巴胆碱组.伤后第1个24 h不补液组无治疗,其余2组于伤后30 min开始经胃内输注葡萄糖-电解质液或葡萄糖-电解质液复合卡巴胆碱(20 μg/kg).第1个24 h补液量为4 ml·kg~(-1)·%TBSA~(-1);伤后24 h起各组动物均实施静脉补液,至72 h处死动物.测定两胃内补液组伤后8 h内胃排空率,各组72 h内平均动脉压(MAP)、心输出量(CO)、尿量、血浆肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量以及伤后72 h脏器组织一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性变化.结果 伤后3组MAP、CO、尿量及胃排空率均显著降低,血浆TNF-α含量显著增高.两胃内补液组MAP和CO高于不补液组;胃内补液+CAR组CO和胃排空率伤后4 h起显著高于胃内补液组(P<0.01),伤后24 h尿量也显著多于胃内补液组,伤后2、4和8 h血浆TNF-α含量以及伤后72h心、肝和空肠组织NOS活性显著低于胃内补液组(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 卡巴胆碱能提高50%TBSA烧伤早期口服补液的复苏效果,其作用机制可能与促进胃排空和减轻炎症反应有关.     

复方乳酸钠山梨醇注射液在大面积烧伤患者休克期补液中的应用

目的探讨复方乳酸钠山梨醇注射液(简称复钠醇)在大面积烧伤患者休克期补液中应用的可行性。方法将53例成年大面积烧伤休克期患者(均于伤后6h内入院)随机分为复钠醇组(24例)和葡萄糖组(29例)。复钠醇组在补液中用50g/L复钠醇作为基础水分,葡萄糖组用50g/L葡萄糖作为基础水分。剂量均为2000ml/d.两组患者复苏液中电解质和胶体量按相同公式计算后补给。同时,对葡萄糖组患者额外补充电解质及胰岛素。观察两组患者在纠正休克、能量提供及不良反应等方面的情况,监测肝、肾功能和电解质变化,记录休克期补液量及尿量,同时监测每例患者在入院时和伤后24、48、72h的血糖水平并作比较。结果两组患者在纠正休克、能量提供等方面无明显差别,复钠醇组患者未出现与复钠醇相关的不良反应及肝、肾功能损害,血糖水平均基本正常;在输液过程中,葡萄糖组需额外补充电解质及胰岛素才能维持稳定,而复钠醇组则不需要补充胰岛素或大量的电解质,且利尿效果优于葡萄糖组[复钠醇组伤后第1、2个24h平均尿量为(1.9±0.6)、(3.3±0.8)L,葡萄糖组为(1.0±0.5)、(2.3±0.8)L].结论大面积烧伤患者休克期应用复钠醇,可以有效补充血容量、纠正烧伤休克、利尿并促进水肿消退,同时既能补充电解质,又能提供部分能量,而且不影响血糖水平。     

早期口服补液对犬50%总体表面积烧伤休克期血流动力学和组织灌流的影响

目的 研究早期口服补液对犬50%总体表面积(TBSA)烧伤休克期血流动力学和组织灌流的影响.方法 成年雄性Beagle犬18只,先期无菌手术行颈总动脉、颈外静脉、胃、空肠及膀胱置管,24 h后用凝固汽油燃烧法造成其颈、背和胸、腹部约50%TBSA Ⅲ.烧伤.随机分为不补液(NR)、口服补液(OR)和静脉补液(IR)三组,每组6只.伤后第1个24 h NR组无治疗,OR和IR组于伤后30 min开始按Parkland公式分别从胃管和静脉输注葡萄糖.电解质溶液,伤后24 h起各组犬均实施静脉补液.测定犬伤前(0 h)和伤后2、4、8、24、48和72 h非麻醉状态下的平均动脉压(MAP)、全身血管阻力(SVR)、心输出量(CO)、左室内压最大变化速率(dp/dtmax)、尿量以及胃黏膜CO2分压(PgCO2)和小肠黏膜血流量(IMBF),并记录伤后72 h死亡率.结果 与伤前相比,各组犬MAP、CO、dp/dtmax,、IMBF和尿量在伤后2 h均大幅降低(P<0.01),而SVR和PgCO2显著升高.两补液组上述指标伤后8 h开始恢复,72 h IR组除IMBF外均恢复至伤前水平,但OR组CO、SVR及胃肠组织灌流指标仍差于伤前水平(P<0.01).NR组上述指标持续恶化,伤后24 h内无尿并全部死亡.OR组血液动力学和内脏组织灌流指标显著优于NR组,但差于IR组.伤后72 h死亡率NR组为6/6、OR组3/6,而IR组为0/6.结论 50%TBSA烧伤后早期口服葡萄糖-电解质溶液复苏效果虽差于静脉补液,但相比不补液,能显著改善血流动力学指标和内脏组织灌流,减少早期死亡,有潜力成为战争或灾害时静脉液体复苏的替代方法.     

Flüssigkeitstherapie und hämodynamisches Monitoring im Verbrennungsschock

Successful surgical and intensive care treatment of severely burned patients requires adequate prehospital management and fluid resuscitation adjusted to individual needs of the patient. Burn shock fluid resuscitation is now predominantly performed utilizing crystalloid solutions. Whenever possible, colloid solutions should not be given in the first 24 h after burn injury. The rate of administration of resuscitation fluids should maintain urine outputs between 0.5 ml/kg per h and 1 ml/kg per h and mean arterial pressures of >70 mmHg. Extended hemodynamic monitoring can provide valuable additional information, if burn resuscitation is not proceeding as planned or volume therapy guided by these typical vital signs is not attaining the desired effect. We recommend this in patients with TBSA burns of >30%. Inhalation injuries, pre-existing cardiopulmonary diseases, or TBSA burns of >50% definitely require extended hemodynamic monitoring during burn shock resuscitation. The Swan-Ganz catheter or less invasive transcardiopulmonary indicator dilution methods can be utilized to assess hemodynamic data.     

Clinical study of a formula for delayed rapid fluid resuscitation for patients with burn shock

OBJECTIVE: To explore a suitable formula of delayed rapid fluid resuscitation for patients with burn shock. METHODS: Twenty patients with burns over 40% of total body surface area (TBSA) admitted 4-8 h after injury were studied. Plasma was used as colloid in 9 cases in the infused patients (the plasma group, PG) and gelofusine was used as colloid in 11 cases in the infused patients (the gelofusine group, GG). Rapid fluid resuscitation was administered under strict hemodynamic monitoring immediately after admission. Hemodynamic indexes including pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), cardiac output (CO), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), hemorheological parameters such as blood viscosity and plasma viscosity, and tissue oxygenation indices oxygen delivery (DO2), oxygen consumption (VO2), oxygen extraction (O2ext), lactic acid (LA) and base deficiency of arterial blood (AD) were determined in order to monitor function in or damage to important viscera. RESULTS: The amount of fluid rapidly infused in the first 2 h after hospitalization accounted for 38.8+/-6.0% of the required fluid amount for the first 24 h as calculated from the formula. When the amount of fluid infused into the patient before admission to our hospital was added, the total amount accounted for 48.3+/-5.0% of the fluid amount for the first 24 h. The actual amount of fluid infused in the first 24 h was 31.4+/-8.9% more than that of the amount calculated with the Evans' formula. The amount of fluid infused in the second 24 h was nearly equal to the amount calculated with the Evans' formula. After fast fluid replacement therapy, all the parameters determined were markedly improved. CONCLUSION: It is suggested on the basis of our study that the fluid amount for delayed rapid fluid resuscitation in patients with burn shock should be calculated as follows: (1) in the first 24h, the amount of fluid (ml) is equal to TBSA (%) x body weight (kg) x 2.6. The ratio between colloid and electrolytes is 1:1, each of the two fluid types is 1.3 ml per (%) TBSA per kg body weight. The volume of water required is 2000 ml. Half of the total amount of fluid is proposed should be infused in the first 2 h after hospitalization under strict monitoring of hemodynamic indices. (2) In the second 24 h, the amount of fluid (ml) is equal to TBSA (%) x body weight (kg) x 1. The ratio between colloid and electrolytes 1:1, each of the two is 0.5 ml. Water volume is 2000 ml.     

延迟快速复苏对烧伤休克循环影响的临床研究

目的探讨在烧伤延迟复苏情况下,如何迅速纠正休克.方法通过对20例烧伤面积大于40%TBSA、因延迟复苏导致休克的患者,进行延迟快速复苏.观察休克期液体出入量、动咏压(BP)、肺动脉压(PAP)、肺动脉楔状压(PAWP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、心输出量(CO)、肺血管阻力(PVR)、外周血管阻力(SVR)、氧供应(DO2)、氧消耗(VO2)、氧摄取率(O2ext)、乳酸(LA)及碱缺失(BD)等血流动力学和氧代谢指标的变化.结果快速补液后2h内输入液体占“第一个24h公式计算量”的(38.8±6.1)%,如果加上院外补液量则占“第一个24h公式计算量”的(48.3±5.0)%.第一个24h实际补入量占“第一个24h公式计算量”的(131.4±14.3)%;第二个24h实际补入量占“第二个24h公式计算量”的(103.2±7.2)%.快速补液后,尿量大幅增加,CO显著升高,DO2增强,SVR、LA、BD大幅下降,PVR虽大幅升高,但PAWP、PAP和CVP并未超过正常.结论在严密血流动力学监护下,烧伤后延迟复苏初期加快补液速度是可行且有益的,烧伤休克的延迟复苏需要显著增加补液量.指导休克延迟快速复苏应以监护心输出量及PAP、PAWP、CVP等血流动力学指标为主,辅以血中LA、BD水平及尿量变化等临床指标的监测.     

Individualized fluid resuscitation based on haemodynamic monitoring in the management of extensive burns

An evaluation has been made on the effectiveness and feasibility of the individualized fluid replacement programme based on intensive haemodynamic monitoring using a Swan-Ganz catheter. Twenty-one extensively burned patients with an average burn of 60·8 per cent BSA were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's and colloid solutions. The rate of fluid administration was adjusted to maintain the optimal ranges of the various haemodynamic parameters including cardiac index and left ventricular stroke work index. Two patients failed to respond to fluid resuscitation possibly due to inadequate emergency procedures given before arrival at our institute. The remaining patients survived the shock phase, with the amount of fluid given to the 18 adult patients being (3·38 ±1·02 ml/kg) × (percentage burn) for the first 24 hours. A negative correlation existed between the amounts of lacated Ringer's solution and colloid solution used for the fluid resuscitation. Dopamine was effective in 4 out of 5 patients who showed depressed myocardial function. The individualized fluid programme was shown to be effective and reliable for the management of critically burned patients.     

Cardiovascular effect of 7.5% sodium chloride-dextran infusion after thermal injury.

HYPOTHESIS: Clinical study can help determine the safety and cardiovascular and systemic effects of an early infusion of 7.5% sodium chloride in 6% dextran-70 (hypertonic saline-dextran-70 [HSD]) given as an adjuvant to a standard resuscitation with lactated Ringer (RL) solution following severe thermal injury. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Intensive care unit of tertiary referral burn care center. PATIENTS: Eighteen patients with thermal injury over more than 35% of the total body surface area (TBSA) (range, 36%-71%) were studied. INTERVENTIONS: Eight patients (mean +/- SEM, 48.2% +/- 2% TBSA) received a 4-mL/kg HSD infusion approximately 3.5 hours (range, 1.5-5.0 hours) after thermal injury in addition to routine RL resuscitation. Ten patients (46.0% +/- 6% TBSA) received RL resuscitation alone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pulmonary artery catheters were employed to monitor cardiac function, while hemodynamic, metabolic, and biochemical measurements were taken for 24 hours. RESULTS: Serum troponin I levels, while detectable in all patients, were significantly lower after HSD compared with RL alone (mean +/- SEM, 0.45 +/- 0.32 vs 1.35 +/- 0.35 microg/L at 8 hours, 0.88 +/- 0.55 vs 2.21 +/- 0.35 microg/L at 12 hours). While cardiac output increased proportionately between 4 and 24 hours in both groups (from 5.79 +/- 0.8 to 9.45 +/- 1.1 L/min [mean +/- SEM] for HSD vs from 5.4 +/- 0.4 to 9.46 +/- 1.22 L/min for RL), filling pressure (central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) remained low for 12 hours after HSD infusion (P = .048). Total fluid requirements at 8 hours (2.76 +/- 0.7 mL/kg per each 1% TBSA burned [mean +/- SEM] for HSD vs 2.67 +/- 0.24 mL/kg per each 1% TBSA burned for RL) and 24 hours (6.11 +/- 4.4 vs 6.76 +/- 0.75 mL/kg per each 1% TBSA burned) were similar. Blood pressure remained unchanged, and serum sodium levels did not exceed 150 +/- 2 mmol/L (mean +/- SD) in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of deleterious hemodynamic or metabolic side effects following HSD infusion in patients with major thermal injury confirms the safety of this resuscitation strategy. Postburn cardiac dysfunction was demonstrated in all burn patients through the use of cardiospecific serum markers and pulmonary artery catheter monitoring. Early administration of HSD after a severe thermal injury may reduce burn-related cardiac dysfunction, but it had no effect on the volume of resuscitation or serum biochemistry values.     

The effects of resuscitation with hypertonic vs. hypotonic vs. colloid on wound and urine fluid and electrolyte losses in severely burned children

Thirty-nine children with large burns were resuscitated with either a hypertonic (HLS) (17 patients), hypotonic (11 patients), or colloid (11 patients) fluid regimen. Burn dressings, bed linen, and urine were analyzed for electrolyte content. The group receiving HLS excreted the greatest percentage of the administered sodium load in the urine, significantly more than the other two groups; however, the combined wound and urinary sodium losses were significantly greater for the group receiving colloid. Sodium loss through the burn wound exceeded urinary loss fivefold in the colloid group. The volume of fluid lost across the burn wound was inversely related to the osmolality of the fluid used for resuscitation. Wound sodium loss was a function of both sodium and fluid load. The flux of fluid and electrolytes across the burn wound is a dynamic part of the resuscitation problem and is dramatically effected by the volume and concentration of fluid used.     

肠内输入高渗电解质葡萄糖液对犬35%总体表面积烧伤复苏效果的研究

目的 探讨肠内输入高渗电解质葡萄糖液(HEGS)对犬35%总体表面积(TBSA)烧伤复苏效果的影响.方法 Beagle犬18只,随机分为对照组(N组)、高渗液组(H组)和等渗液组(Ⅰ组),每组6只,采用凝固汽油燃烧法制作35%TBSA Ⅲ°烧伤模型.高渗液组于伤后0.5 h通过肠道给予HEGS(1.8%NaCl的5%葡萄糖液),24 h补液总量按2 ml/(kg·1%TBSA)计算;等渗液组烧伤后0.5 h通过肠道补充IEGS(即0.9%NaCl的5%葡萄糖液),24 h补液总量按4 ml/(kg·1%TBSA)计算;对照组烧伤后不予补液.测定各组犬烧伤前及烧伤后0.5、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0、24.0 h的心排血指数、全心舒张末期容积指数、血容量、血浆渗透浓度、肠黏膜血流量、肠道对复苏液中水分和钠离子的吸收速率,数据进行双因素方差分析.结果 烧伤后各组心排血指数、全心舒张末期容积指数、血容量和肠黏膜血流量均明显下降,两补液组于伤后2 h逐渐回升,明显高于对照组(P<0.05),两补液组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);高渗液组补液后血浆渗透浓度明显升高,显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);烧伤后两补液组肠道对复苏液中的水分和钠离子的吸收速率均逐渐增加,高渗液组肠道对水分吸收速率低于等渗液组(P<0.05),钠离子吸收速率则高于等渗液组(P<0.05).结论 35%TBSA烧伤后0.5 h通过肠内补充HEGS可以被肠道有效吸收,并在减少1/2补液量的前提下,基本维持有效血容量,达到肠内补充等渗液体复苏相似的血流动力学效果.     

肠内输入高渗盐糖溶液对严重烧伤犬肠黏膜屏障及脏器功能的影响

目的 了解烧伤犬休克期经肠道补充高渗盐糖溶液(HEGS)进行复苏后,肠道屏障及脏器功能的变化. 方法 将24只35%TBSAⅢ度烧伤犬按随机数字表法分为不补液(NF)组、静脉等渗补液(Ⅱ)组、肠内等渗补液(EI)组和肠内高渗补液(EH)组,每组6只.2个等渗补液组于伤后30 min分别通过静脉或肠道给予含50 g/L葡萄糖的生理盐水,24 h补液量为4 mL·kg~(-1)·%TBSA~(-1)(前8 h匀速输入总量的一半,后16 h匀速输入另一半);EH组经肠道输入HEGS(含18 g/L氯化钠、50 g/L葡萄糖),伤后24 h内补液量为2 mL·kg~(-1)·%TBSA~(-1),补液方式同前.测定各组犬肝肾功能指标[血清ALT、心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)活性及肌酐、尿素氮水平]、血清二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性以及伤后24 h肠黏膜Na~+-K~+·ATP酶活性. 结果 各组犬血清ALT活性相近.3个补液组血肌酐、尿素氮水平普遍低于NF组;伤后2 h CK-MB活性均明显升高,EH组伤后2～8 h低于NF、Ⅱ组.Ⅱ、EI、EH组血清DAO活性于伤后4 h或6 h起逐渐降低,分别为(3.9±0.6)～(3.6±0.5)U/L、(4.8±0.4)～(2.8±0.8)U/L和(6.4±1.8)～(3.5±0.8)U/L,均显著低于NF组(12.5±0.4)～(9.7±1.1)U/L(EH组与NF组比较,伤后4、6、8、24 h t值分别为10.25、12.44、17.99、16.21,P值均小于0.05).伤后24 h各组肠黏膜Na~+-K~+-ATP酶活性从高到低依次为Ⅱ组、EH组、EI组、NF组(前3组与NF组比较,t值分别为10.09、8.32、4.96,F值为26.79,P值均小于0.05). 结论 HEGS对烧伤休克犬的肠黏膜屏障无明显不良影响.与NF比较,HEGS能显著改善伤犬心、肝、肾功能;减少1/2补液量,能达到与肠内或静脉输入等渗盐糖溶液相似的复苏效果.