初轧机万向接轴扁头断裂分析

本文针对初轧机万向接轴扁头的断裂，根据实测数据，对万向接轴扁头的受力情况及扭振进行了较详细的分析，并从断口检验结果，运用万向接轴脆性断裂评定模型，损伤容限评定模型等对裂纹进行初步评定。认为扭振，疲劳裂纹及材质是导致万向接轴扁头断裂的主要因素。     

轧边机万向接轴的故障分析与改进

莱钢中型线精轧机组E1轧边机十字万向接轴故障频繁,经分析发现万向接轴的轴线折角过大,使接轴在运转过程中产生二次力偶矩,从而加速了十字轴及轴承的磨损。采取将减速机移位,增大万向接轴十字轴中心距,从而减小接轴轴线折角的改进措施,改造后,E1轧机的接轴故障明显降低,接轴备件消耗量约为改造前的一半。     

2300 mm中板万向接轴断裂原因分析

通过对事故现场万向接轴断裂的位置、外观形貌观察,结合实际生产过程中万向接轴平衡压力情况,并依据设计要求,经过计算分析,最终准确判断出万向接轴的断裂原因。通过对平衡压力参数的调整,彻底消除了事故隐患,延长了万向接轴使用寿命。     

交错式万向接轴在中厚板轧机上的应用

介绍了济钢中厚板厂 3 2 0 0mm四辊粗轧机交错式万向接轴的改造过程 ,并提出了交错式万向接轴设计中需要注意的问题 ,为中厚板轧机万向接轴改造提供了经验。     

鞍钢中板厂劳特式轧机万向接轴的优化设计

本文根据等强度的原则，建立了滑块式万向接轴优化设计的数学模型，并对劳特式轧机万向接轴进行了优化设计，确定出量佳设计参数，使接轴整体综合承载能力在一定程度上得到了提高。对万向接轴的技术改造具有重要的意义。     

棒材精轧机组平轧机接轴改造

棒材平轧机与减速机之间采用十字轴式万向接轴联接时,受轧机机组运行速度、万向接轴自身重量等因素影响,严重影响成品质量,缩短万向接轴寿命。通过优化设计、提高零部件强度等措施重新制作新接轴,投入使用后产品质量比较稳定,延长了接轴寿命,降低了备件消耗。     

板材矫直机传动轴扭矩在线监测的研究与应用

针对邯钢中板厂板材矫直机主传动万向接轴频繁断裂问题,开发了采用焊接式全桥电阻应变片变形评估扭矩值的控制技术,增加主传动万向接轴扭矩监测装置,实现扭矩的实时监测.通过采集扭矩数据,分析研究万向接轴的损坏失效原因,制定合理的应对措施,有效避免了万向接轴断裂的再次发生.     

滑块式万向接轴的改造

介绍了对传统滑块式万向接轴的结构改造和轧辊侧滑块干油润滑方式改造，改造后的接轴寿命和润滑等方面都有突破性提高和改善，已获国家专利。通过比较，建议用户对目前在重载低速轧机上使用的传统滑块式万向接轴进行改造，不要急于换成十字头式万向接轴。     

大型轧机主传动万向接轴结构的分析与改造

通过研究中厚板轧机主传动万向接轴的结构形式,对接轴存在的轴向窜动余量过小、接轴平衡连杆强度低等问题进行了整体改造,重新设计万向接轴结构和平衡龙门架,用十字轴式接轴代替虎口滑块式接轴,达到了轧机稳定、高效运行的目的。     

基于 Solidworks 的万向接轴断裂事故的技术分析

对万向接轴的断裂事故进行了分析。重点是对专用万向接轴叉头做了有限元分析,求得了它的应力分布及最大应力值。还对轧辊在咬入急停而造成的冲击性动力载荷作了具体计算,计算了在可能情况下最大的实际载荷和最大应力,从而解释了万向接轴叉头部件断裂的起因,提出了设备设计和使用方面的改进意见。     

重毒性铅污染土壤清洁高效修复研究进展

在介绍了铅元素污染背景、现状与危害的基础上,对土壤中铅的来源、赋存形式及其提取方法进行了详细介绍。结合土壤修复技术研究现状,对三大修复方法如物理、化学及生物修复法进行了系统综述,并从效率、适用性、经济性等方面评估了3种修复方法的优势与劣势,发现化学修复最适合重毒性铅污染治理。随之对化学淋洗法和固定化/稳定法作了详细介绍,探讨并评价了不同种类淋洗剂和固化剂的修复机制、修复效果、适用性和应用前景等。最后对未来重毒性铅污染土壤清洁高效修复提出了展望,修复方法应尽量减少对土壤的破坏;对高铅污染土壤来说联合修复技术的发展是土壤修复富有潜力的发展方向;应当尽可能地确定铅污染土壤修复机制,实现定向修复;同时应加强多功能复合材料的研发。      

元宇宙技术综述

元宇宙作为一个新兴的概念受到了产业界、学术界、媒体界及公众的广泛关注,国内外众多公司也纷纷在“元宇宙”领域布局,但布局的背后离不开强大的技术支持。本文从技术维度深入剖析元宇宙。首先,从科学与技术的角度论述元宇宙的概念及内涵,并总结了目前从业者、专家以及学者对元宇宙的不同见解。其次,概述了元宇宙相关关键技术,包括网络及运算技术（5G、6G、物联网、云计算、雾计算及边缘计算）、管理技术（能耗管理、资源管理、会话管理及时空一致性管理）、虚实对象连接、建模与管理技术（X联网、身份建模、社会计算、去中心化管理技术）、虚实空间交互与融合技术（拓展现实、电子游戏技术、脑机接口技术）等。元宇宙不宜称为新技术,而是IT新技术的综合运用。技术的进步与发展,将为元宇宙的实现和应用奠定坚实的基础,同时元宇宙的发展也会促进现有技术的升级换代。最后,展望了元宇宙发展面临的诸多挑战,以清晰认识、理智决策、稳步探索元宇宙。      

内蒙古桦树沟金矿综合找矿效果及意义

在1/5万察哈尔右翼前旗等四幅区域矿产地质调查的基础上,通过化探系统采集样品、地质填图和综合找矿方法发现了桦树沟金矿,并对金矿成矿提出了新的认识。野外地质研究发现,桦树沟矿区NE、近EW向断裂控制着异常展布及地表构造蚀变带和铁锰矿化体的延伸,围岩及矿化蚀变主要有硅化、钾化、绢云母化及沿裂隙充填的铁锰矿化和褐铁矿化。运用综合找矿方法筛选找矿靶区,将桦树沟异常面积从28.8 km²缩小到3.6 km²,有助于更好地找寻金矿床。采用水系沉积物和土壤测量方法对矿区异常元素进行了测试,并根据富集系数讨论富集成矿问题,结果显示：与成矿关系密切的桦树沟岩体强富集元素有Ag、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、W、Bi和Mo等,其围岩集宁岩群富集-强富集元素有Ag、Pb、Au、Cu、As、Sb、W和Mo等,表明岩浆活动为成矿提供了含矿热液,而热液又与围岩发生交代,导致金银等多金属在成矿有利部位富集成矿。结合1/1万地质填图、1/1万土壤测量等方法进一步开展异常检查评价,发现多个样品含量已达矿石边界品位,异常浓集中心及分带明显,经探槽工程揭露并圈定出2条金矿体,其分布特征、物质组成和控矿因素已基本查明,表明该区具有良好的找矿前景。     

面向全局和工程优化问题的混合进化JAYA算法

为了更好求解复杂函数优化和工程约束优化问题，进一步增强JAYA算法的寻优能力，提出一种面向全局优化的混合进化JAYA算法。首先在计算当前最优和最差个体时引入反向学习机制，提高最优和最差个体跳离局部极值区域的可能性；然后在个体位置更新中引入并融合正弦余弦算子和差分扰动机制，不仅增加了种群的多样性，而且较好平衡与满足了算法在不同迭代时期对探索和挖掘能力的不同需求；最后在算法结构上采用奇偶不同的混合进化策略，有效利用不同演化机制的优势结果，进一步提升了算法的收敛性和精度。之后给出了算法流程伪代码，理论分析证明了改进算法的时间复杂度与基本JAYA相同，而通过6种代表性算法在包含和组合了30个基准函数的CEC2017测试套件上进行的多维度函数极值优化测试，以及对拉伸弹簧、波纹舱壁、管柱设计、钢筋混凝土梁、焊接梁和汽车侧面碰撞6个具有挑战性的工程设计问题的优化求解，都清楚地表明改进后算法的寻优精度、收敛性能和求解稳定性均有显著提升，在求解CEC复杂函数和工程约束优化问题上有着明显优势。      

甘肃礼岷成矿带西段金成矿条件及成矿预测

工作区位于礼县-岷县成矿带西段,区内地层系统发育较为齐全,地层岩性组合多为砂岩和板岩互层,有利于金成矿的运移和保存,叠加褶皱和断裂控制着矿体空间定位及矿床分布。花岗岩体的活动与金成矿关系密切,脉岩与矿脉空间关系密切。金矿成矿与热液活动有关,各类热液蚀变极为发育,与金成矿密切相关的热液蚀变主要为碱质交代作用、硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化和褐铁矿化等。通过对区内地层、构造、岩浆岩及变质情况进行分析,结合区内已发现矿床的研究成果、区内化探及遥感成果,综合各种有利找矿信息,预测出塔儿里别竜沟和北门沟3个成矿靶区。     

Degradation of Extraction from Seaweed and Its Complex with Rare Earths for Organophosphorous Pesticides

On the basis of several experiments carried out in China, it was proved that both seaweed liquid fertilizer and rare earth （RE） could promote the growth of crops and increase their yield. The effects of extraction from seaweed and its complex with RE on the degradation of organophosphorous pesticides and the yield of vegetables were investigated. The resuits showed that the extract and its complex with RE could degrade organophosphorous pesticides in neutral solvent. The residues of the pesticides treated by the extract decreased by 96.88 %, 52.30%, 49.52%, and 22.88 %, respectively, for chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, omethoate, and dimethoate, and those by the complex decreased by 95.99%, 54.23%, 48.79%, and 25.66%, respectively, when compared with the control. The residues of chlorpyrifos and dimethoate in spinach sprayed with the complex were decreased by 90.64% and 76.56%, respectively, compared with those in spinach from control plots when the interval between spraying and sampling was 8 d. The fresh weight of brassica chinensis and cabbage increased by 28.62% and 18.72%, and their dry weight increased by 44.49% and 14.74%, respectively, compared with those of the controls. The chlorpyrifos and dimethoate residues in brasscia chinese were decreased by 36.36% and 50.00%, respectively, and their rate of decrease in cabbage was 40.00% and 75.00%, respectively, on 5th day after spraying with the complex, when compared with those in the vegetable from control. These results suggest that this complex can increase the agricultural productivity and reduce the use of pesticide residues in the production of vegetables.     

Cortical connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas in the rhesus monkey

The connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas were studied in rhesus monkeys by using antero- and retrograde tracer techniques. The rostral opercular cortex including the gustatory and proisocortical motor (ProM) areas is connected with precentral areas 3, 1, and 2 as well as with the rostral portion of the opercular area which resembles the second somatosensory type of cortex (area SII) and the ventral portion of area 6. Its distant connections are with the ventral portion of prefrontal areas 46, 11, 12, and 13 as well as with the rostral insula and cingulate motor area (CMAr). The mid opercular region (areas 1 and 2) is connected with pre- and postcentral areas 3, 1, and 2 as well as SII. Additionally, it is connected with the ventral portion of area 6, area 44, area ProM, the gustatory area, and the rostral insula. Its distant connections are with area 4, the ventral portion of area 46, area 7b, and area POa in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The rostral parietal opercular region is connected with the postcentral portions of areas 3, 1, and 2; areas 5, 7, and SII; the gustatory area; and the vestibular area. Its other connections are with area 4, area 44, the ventral portion of area 46, area ProM, CMAr, and the supplementary motor area (SMA). The caudal opercular region is connected with the dorsal portion of area 3; areas 2, 5, and 7a; and areas PEa as well as IPd of IPS. It is also connected with area SII, insula, and the superior temporal sulcus. Its distant connections are with area 44; the dorsal portion of area 8 and the ventral portion of area 46; as well as CMAr, SMA, and the supplementary sensory area. This connectivity suggests that the ventral somatosensory areas are involved in sensorimotor activities mainly related to head, neck, and face structures as well as to taste. Additionally, these areas may have a role in frontal (working) and temporal (tactile) memory systems.     

适应高比例球团冶炼的高炉系统设计与生产实践

 当前中国钢铁工业面临着节能减排、绿色发展等多重压力,呈现出减量化和创新性发展的新形态。在非高炉炼铁关键技术取得重大突破及大规模应用前,以高炉为主的炼铁工艺在一段时间内仍将保持主体地位。而高比例球团冶炼是当前中国高炉炼铁的发展方向,是未来钢铁工业实现减污降碳的必然趋势。为了进一步推动高比例球团技术的研发与应用,从球团矿的物理化学性质出发,阐述了球团矿在高炉内的行为,分析了限制球团矿比例提高的因素,从冶金反应机理到工程实践总结了未来高比例球团冶炼的高炉系统设计发展方向,提出以低碳绿色为前提、以资源和能源利用为基础、以智能化装备为支撑的高炉设计理念。通过对比分析国内外多种高炉炉型、冷却系统、炉缸炉底设计方案,重点分析了多段式炉身、全铸铁冷却壁、串罐无钟炉顶在高比例球团冶炼中的优势,归纳了矿焦槽、热风炉及自动化检测与模型控制等技术特点,给出了适应高比例球团冶炼的高炉系统设计建议。根据球团矿在高炉内的反应机理以及操作炉型对强化冶炼的影响,提出合理的炉料结构的确定方法,最佳的炉料碱度控制标准,以及装料、送风、出铁、热、渣等操作制度。最后,通过高炉冶炼实践,验证了高比例球团冶炼技术经济指标的进步,为今后高比例球团冶炼高炉系统设计及优化方向奠定了基础。     

Evolution of the Ediacaran Doushantuoian Meta-Paleo-Community in Northeast Guizhou,South China

Macroscopic organisms lived in the Yangtze Sea of South China during the Late Doushantuo period of the Ediacaran. The results of the specimen collections and statistics within each meter show that the macroscopic biota from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in northeast Guizhou, South China, can be subdivided into Globusphyton, Cucullus, SectoralgaLongifuniculum, Beltanelliformis, and Baculiphyca-Gesinella paleo-communities. The paleocommunity evolution indicates the relationship not only between biota and environment, but also between metaphytes and metazoans. From the Globusphyton paleo-community, through to the Sectoralga-Longifuniculum paleo-community, to the Cucullus paleo-community, the increase in the abundance and diversity of metaphytes (especially the branching macroalgae) and metazoans implies that the oxygen content in the seawater increased gradually. Both the Beltanelliformis and Baculiphyca-Gesinella paleo-communities could be related to a deteriorated environment and fragile ecosystem. The emergence, abundance, and diversity of macroscopic metaphytes, which were closely connected with the environmental microchanges, accelerated the process, improving the environment and increasing oxygen, and established an important platform for the development of macroscopic metazoans.     

东沟特大型钼矿床矿石物质组成及选矿新工艺

通过对河南汝阳东沟特大型钼矿床矿石物质组成及选矿新工艺的论证评价。揭示了该矿床物质成分的复杂性及选矿性能，得出以下认识：1）赋矿岩石以碳酸盐与铝硅酸盐为主要组分，受后期构造热液影响，矿石破裂变形、扭曲以及交代现象十分普遍，因而矿石具多种复杂结构，这些因素可对矿石的选矿性产生严重影响；2）对选矿方案给予多方面论证，找出了矿石技术加工的难点及影响因素，并在选别过程中给予了充分考虑；3）可浮性试验。找出脉石矿物上浮所需时间及与目的矿物之间的关系；4）粗选试验，从七个方面对目的矿物的捕收剂及其用量和添加地点、磨段细度、脱泥考察、石英和硅酸钠用量等都进行了全面试验，并找出各方面适应矿石物质组成和选矿性能的楔合点，给出了一系列参数作为依据；5）钼精选试验，分别进行了再磨细度、抑制剂种类、全开路和浮选闭路流程等四方面试验，使最终产品的选别指标满足国家标准。结论：浮选使用70％-200目，再磨设置在83．5％-400目条件下，选用磷诺克斯与巯基乙酸钠配合，有效地抑制了黄铜矿、方铅矿等硫化物杂质的混入，再次精选获得钼精矿品位51．08％，钼回收率84．24％，达GB3200-82特级品标准。