The enabling technology for recovery of valued components from minerals in the upper and Mid Amur region

Based on the physico-technical operations involved in the mineral processing technologies, the optimal production conditions are found for refractory fiber materials, aluminium, silicium, their compounds and other valued components. Ecologically safe and efficient aggregate technologies are developed for recovery of valued components from nonmetallic minerals and anthracides (brown coals). __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 110–120, May–June, 2009.     

New technological solutions for the beneficiation of synnyrites

New technologies for processing high-potassium alumopotassium raw material (synnyrites) on the basis of the previously established possibility of separating aluminosilicates with similar cations are substantiated. A combined scheme including chemical, flotation and magnetic beneficiation that provides the production of kalisilite and microcline concentrates is suggested. The kalisilite concentrate is a new chlorine-free potash fertilizer and the high quality feldspar concentrate is a scarce raw material for the porcelain-faience, electrical engineering, and refractory industries. United Institute of Geology, Geophysics, and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 122–126, May–June, 1999.     

Strategy for the development of the Russian coal industry

The distribution of coal reserves in the Russian Federation is considered, in terms of active or reserve status, their end use, open-pit versus underground mining, and suitability for extraction. Coal production over the next twenty years is predicted, and the corresponding stages in the development of open-pit and underground mining technologies are formulated. Academy of Mining, Moscow, Russia. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 67–77, January–February, 2000.     

New technologies of mineral mining

The results are examined for the investigations performed at the Institute of Mining of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of new economically profitable technologies of exploitation of coal and oil deposits. Industrial test data are presented. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 63–74, March–April, 2000.     

Reequipment and development of mining method at Zapolyarny Mine

The mining conditions in Yuzhny district of Zapolyarny Mine are reported. The alternative mining technologies for the additionally explored mine field are considered. The results of modeling and evaluation of stress-strain state in rocks under mining by the discussed mining technologies are cited. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 84–94, May–June, 2007.     

Development of an energy analysis for strip coal mining. Part III: Procedure for evaluating the energy intensity of technological processes

Conclusion Traditional evaluation of the energy intensity of the technological processes of strip coal mining with respect to direct energy consumption is not exhaustive, since energy expenditures for the production of required resources in accompanying branches of industry, and the mining of fuel for the production of energy, the amount of which should be significantly higher than the sum directly expended for the mining and creation of the facilities for its execution are not considered. The proposed method for evaluation of the total energy intensity of technological processes is based on the link between basic energy outlays and production of the required resources. Evaluation not only of their direct energy intensity, but also with respect to individual forms of consumable resources is therefore critical to the analysis; this is the basis for a search for means of lowering the energy intensity of production on the whole and the development of resource-saving technologies. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 60–73, November–December, 1998.     

Prospects for commercial utilization of lean and nontraditional types of mineral raw material

Conclusions 1. The changeover to the production and processing of lean and nontraditional raw materials is requiring the use of new engineering processes or the improvement of existing processes. In this connection, processes of drying, heat-treatment, adsorption, vaporization, and fusion are becoming traditional in the mining industry; in order to implement these processes efficiently as the raw material becomes leaner, it is necessary to involve the use of devices with active hydrodynamic regimes. 2. In estimating the energy costs for various engineering processes of raw material modification, the criterion of specific energy consumption has been used. An analysis of values of this criterion shows that the energy consumption in performing heat and mass transfer processes is two or three orders greater than in gravitational processes. Therefore, in the interest of increasing the profitability of processing lean raw material, what will be required is not only a combination of nontraditional technologies, but also maximum utilization of gravitational processes. Mining Institute, Far-East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGD DVO RAN), Khabarovsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 83–87, January–February, 1997.     

Comparative analysis of seismic methods for oil recovery enhancing

A scheme is developed for the comparative analysis of seismic technologies of oil recovery enhancing by the distinguished features. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 63–75, May–June, 2006.     

Non-traditional high-energy processes for disintegration and exposure of finely disseminated mineral complexes

For the first time the modern non-traditional processes for treatment of rebellious noble metal-bearing mineral ore, aimed at improving disintegration efficiency for finely dispersed mineral complexes are analyzed. Advantages and perspectives of a new high-efficient, energy-saving and ecologically safe process of the nanosecond powerful electromagnetic impulse (PEMI) effect, are proved. The said process provides a stable increase in the valuable component recovery at lower energy consumption and production costs of the finite product at the stage of dressing rebellious gold-bearing ores and concentrated products. The possible mechanisms of mineral disintegration under PEMI effect are considered, experimental data, cited in the paper, prove high efficiency of the preliminary impulse treatment, thus, the increase in the gold recovery at the cyanidation stage amounted to 4–12 % from rebellious ores, 10–30 % from gravity concentrates, 5–45 % from flotation concentrates, 30–80 % from oil flotation tailings. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 107–128, May–June, 2007.     

A new approach to the production of aluminum and its compounds from nonconventional alumina feedstock

The paper describes a new approach to alumina and aluminum production from a nonconventional aluminosilicate feed, namely, zeolite tuffs. The authors substantiate mineralogical features and technological principles of treatment of zeolites and clayey minerals that are in composition of zeolite ores. The illustrated use perspectiveness for the zeolite processing and mechanical activation will greatly enhance the processes of opening and decomposition of base minerals. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 96–101, March–April, 2009.     

Energy analysis of open-pit coal mining

Conclusions 1. The use of energy criteria to establish the mine boundaries corresponds to the role of coal-mining enterprises as subsystems within the energy-production system. The criteria here proposed reflect the level of technology not only within coal mining but also within the power industry and in transportation. It is important that the parameters included in the criteria have a physical basis reflecting the energy needs of the technologies employed and hence may be more reliably measured than can economic parameters. However, this is not an adequate basis for the absolute adoption of an energy approach rather than an economic approach. 2. The criteria proposed for determining the mine boundaries are based on the energy parameters both of the technologies employed and of the coal deposit, which allows the geological and other mine conditions, the processes of coal extraction and enrichment, and also transportation and energy production to be combined within a single system. This permits more reliable prediction of the determining factors, since they are based on physical parameters, which is not true of economic factors. The importance of this is evident in that, with rare exceptions, the mine boundaries may be established in the long term: 20–50 years or more. 3. There is one disadvantage in using energy analysis to solve problems associated with coal extraction: it is not traditional (although this approach — known as the exergetic approach — is widely used in other fields). However, since it is of growing importance to make rational use of nonrenewable energy resources, this disadvantage may be turned into an advantage. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 78–89, September–October, 1997.     

Multi-period quarry production planning through sequencing techniques and sequencing algorithm

This paper presents a new methodology in form of three sequencing techniques for the development of alternative quarry plans using cement quarry production-sequencing algorithm. The algorithm generates multi-period quarry plans, satisfying geometric (slope) and cement plant production capacity constraints. The benefits of the approach are demonstrated through application on an existing cement manufacturing operation in Midwestern USA. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 103–114, March–April, 2008.     

A maximum upside / minimum downside approach to the traditional optimization of open pit mine design

The management of cash flows and risk during production is a critical part of a surface mining venture as well as an integral part of a strategy in developing new and existing operating mines. Orebody uncertainty is a critical factor in strategic mine planning, the optimization of mine designs and long-term sequencing. Traditional optimization approaches do not account for in situ grade variability or deal with geological risk. This paper presents a new approach to mine design based on risk quantification and alternative strategic decision-making criteria. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 81–90, January–February, 2007.     

Contemporary problems of mineral raw material beneficiation in Russia

The contemporary state of the raw material base in the country is analyzed and a negative tendency is noted as a reduction in the extraction of mineral resources and worsening the quality of extracted ores. It is shown that in the near future the deposits developed will be mainly finely disseminated and rebellious ores and this requires new solutions in the technology and technique of their beneficiation. Examples are provided of advanced solutions in technological mineralogy, directed changing in mineral and ore properties with different kinds of energy actions, and the use of pyro- and hydrometallurgical technologies that open definite possibilities for the rational and complex use of rebellions mineral raw material. Institute of Problems of Complex Development of Bowels, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 107–121, May–June, 1999.     

Performance potential of the coal strip mining in the east of Russia

The potentialities of the leading mining districts in Russia to improve coal production by strip mining are analyzed. The operational issues of the Erunakovskiy (Kuzbass), Kansko-Achinskiy and South Yakutia territorial production complexes are considered. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 98–105, July–August, 2007.     

Coal quality control in the context of international standards ISO 9000 - 2000

The paper sets forth scientific foundations and organizational-technical environment offered by ISO 9000 standards that are oriented to product quality management and, thus, product quality planning. The authors describe the results of coal product quality planning with using the QFD methodology, present a model of coal quality control through the coal product life cycle and mining technologies. It is proposed to evaluate the quality management efficiency by the coefficient of concordance between the product quality and consumer’s demands. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 67–85, November–December, 2008.     

Intensification of ore concentration and sorption extraction of metals from technogenic raw material

A review of the research data on energy effect produced on the processing behavior of minerals and ores is presented. It is experimentally found that treatment of ores by accelerated electrons fosters the ore weakening and the selectivity of dissociation. Thermal modification of natural sorbents and ultrasonic effect application allow reaching the tenfold increase in sorption and kinetics of the mass-exchange processes and sorption technologies. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 129–139, May–June, 2007.     

Concept of a mine of tomorrow for deep mining at gentle copper-and-nickel deposits

The paper discusses the studies devoted to evolution of prospective mining technologies for deep thick strata of the Talnakhsky and Oktyabrsky deposits. The mining-and-technical features of the deposits are considered. A strategic trend is pinpointed towards technological upgrading with automation and robotization of geotechnological processes. The authors prove practicability of concurrent mining of massive sulphide and impregnated ores. The generalized models of mining enterprises are examined, and a concept of a mine of tomorrow is set forth as a system of scientific ideas, principles and priorities. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 89–100, November–December, 2007.     

Phase conversions in sulfide ores on combined irradiation and heating

Results are given on how irradiation and heat treatment affect sulfide ores and minerals. Accelerated-electrons produce low-temperature phase conversions in iron-bearing sulfides, which give magnetic oxides; hematite and magnetite. This effect can be used in ecologically clean technologies for beneficiating rebellious mineral raw material. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 94–101, January–February, 2000.