手感更柔软的低扭矩环锭纱线

香港理工大学的一支研究团队开发出一种新型环锭纺纱技术,创造性地实现了在一台环锭细纱机上、一道工艺步骤内加工单股低扭矩环锭纱线。该新型低扭矩环锭纱及其织物性能十分优越,纱线毛羽和残余扭矩小。条干均匀,手感柔软,织物表面平整光洁,洗后基本无扭转变形,结实耐用。与传统单纱加工技术相比。该技术可加工出传统细纱机无法正常加工的实用低捻度纱线,可显著提高生产速度．降低成本。     

单纱纺纱与环锭纱及其织物物理性能的比较

探讨了用单纱纺纱技术纺制的精梳毛纱及其织物的物理特性。为达此目的,采用了各种单纱纺纱辊纺制不同的单纱纺纱,并对它们进行测量及与常规环锭纺纱工艺纺制的纱进行比较;分别用单纱纺纱工艺和环锭纺纱工艺按3种加捻系数纺制出短纤纱,然后将两种工艺纺出的纱在小样机上织成2/2斜纹织物,将坯布精练、烘干、汽蒸,最后罐蒸。然后测量织物的物理性能,根据单纱纺纱工艺纺制的纱的机械特性及成纱原理用KES-FB系统对这些织物的物理特性加以测量和研究。     

假捻器在环锭纺上的应用

为了解决传统环锭单纱残余扭矩的问题,提出在现有环锭细纱机导纱钩与前罗拉之间加装新型假捻器的设想,设计的假捻纺纱技术既能提高环锭纺的产能,又能减少断头;改进后的环锭纺纱机可纺出低捻、高强、残余扭矩小、手感独特(柔、顺)、织物歪斜小等特性的新型纱线;说明该假捻纺纱技术改变了传统的纺纱成纱形式,在技术改造、纱线成纱指标、后期...     

低扭矩单纱的纤维强度利用效率研究

分别采用标准强度测试方法、变隔距低速拉伸测试法、断裂端显微镜分析法,对比分析了环锭单纱与低扭矩单纱的拉伸断裂特点及纤维强力利用效率。结果表明,在同捻度情况下低扭矩纱中的纤维具有更高的强度利用效率,甚至在捻度更低的情况下,低扭矩纱仍能保持较高的强度。变隔距低速拉伸测试发现,低扭矩纱受拉断裂时,常在拉伸曲线上最大比应力后又出现一个或多个断裂峰值。这些特点印证了关于纱线内部结构的分析及推论。     

转杯纺纱的合股

涤粘转杯纺纱的合股明显提高了纱线的强力、断裂伸长和均匀度。纤维的细度和单纱捻系数对各种纱线质量指标具有很大的影响。采用细旦涤纤维和低单纱捻度的方法可减少涤粘环锭和转杯纺合股纱之间的强力差异。     

赛络纺涤粘复合纱的结构分析

在棉纺细纱机上利用毛纺赛络纺纱技术可以纺制复合纱。对涤粘复合纱、涤粘股线、纯涤单纱及纯粘单纱的结构进行了分析和对比。通过切片照片可以看出,涤粘复合纱中单纱存在与复合纱捻向、捻回数相同的直念;表面纤维排列整齐、紧密、纤维同松外紧;截面为圆形,两种纤维互有少量团长复合纱的结构特点决定其具有强力高、条干好、毛羽少的性能。     

应用包缠纺技术生产麦斯林织物

麦斯林即单经单纬毛织物,产品质地疏松,轻薄细洁、柔糯而有弹性,不易起皱,需用较高支数的精梳毛纱织制,平纹组织或1/2斜纹组织,是毛织品中的上等织物。 由于传统的环锭毛纺纱强力较低,一般需采用上浆、上蜡工艺或适当增加捻度,以改善单纱的强力、伸长率和光洁度,所以织前准备较复杂。 纺织部研究院与天津柳林毛纺织厂合作,在FZZO31型包缠花式纺纱样机上纺制了38公交包缠纱,成功地制成纯毛麦斯林印花呢。 包缠纱是利用空心锭子原理,将一根细旦长丝螺旋形地包缠在毛纤维外层而形成的一种特别结构的纱,其特点是纱的强力高、手感柔软、单纱强…     

集聚赛络纱及其织物性能分析

探讨集聚赛络纱及其织物的性能特点。为了推广应用开发集聚赛络纱织物,测试了集聚赛络纱的结构、毛羽、捻度、条干、强伸性及其织物的透气性、芯吸、悬垂性、拉伸强力、耐磨性能,并与环锭纱织物进行对比分析。结果表明:集聚赛络纱具有股线结构特征,成纱紧密,表面光洁,毛羽少,强力高;集聚赛络纱织物的透气性好,芯吸效应明显,坚牢耐磨,悬垂性比环锭纱织物稍差。认为:用集聚赛络纺纱织物适合开发男式衬衫面料和床上用品面料。     

MVS涡流纺纱技术的发展

介绍了MVS涡流纺纱机的结构和性能特征及其对纤维的适纺范围。通过不同纺纱形式的成纱质量对比分析可知，涡流纺除纱线强力和伸长率比环锭纱低以外，毛羽、起球率等质量指标均比环锭纱好，但纯棉纱质量远不如化纤纱。涡流纺纱制成率较低。     

柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱及其织物性能

为更好地探究柔洁纺技术对粘胶强捻纱质量和其机织物服用性能的影响,对相同工艺参数下粘胶强捻柔洁纺纱线与环锭纺纱线的均匀度、毛羽、单纱强力、捻缩率和表观结构进行测试对比,同时分析了相同规格柔洁纺和环锭纺粘胶强捻纱织物的强伸性、顶破性能、撕破性能、透气透湿性、吸湿性、柔软性和抗起毛起球性能。结果表明:柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱的毛羽少,条干均匀,强力高,捻缩率低;相比环锭纺粘胶强捻纱织物,柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱机织物的强伸性、顶破性能、撕破性能、透气透湿性、柔软性和抗起毛起球性显著提高,但吸湿性有所降低;柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱具有柔顺、整洁、牢固等特点,其机织物的综合服用性能优于环锭纺。     

聚乳酸纤维赛络纺工艺研究

通过改变粗纱间距、粗纱捻系数及细纱后区牵伸倍数研究了聚乳酸纤维赛络纺工艺,分析了不同纺纱工艺对纱线断裂强力、条干不匀率及毛羽指数变化的影响,得到了聚乳酸纤维赛络纺的较优纺纱工艺.在同一台细纱机上,采用相同的粗纱捻系数及牵伸工艺,同时纺制了23.9 tex聚乳酸纤维环锭纱和赛络纱.两种纱线的断裂强力均呈正态分布,两者波动性无明显差异,且前者断裂强力显著高于后者;聚乳酸赛络纱的毛羽有明显改善;两种纱线的条干差异不大,环锭纱略好于赛络纱.     

Research on yarn qualities modified by mechanical false-twisting device

Abstract

In the ring-spinning process, the area between the front roller nip and twisting point is spinning triangle, and its geometry influences the fiber tension distribution in the spinning triangle directly and determines the properties of spun yarns. Therefore, in the paper, one kind of mechanical false-twisting device was introduced on the ring spinning, which can affect the twist propagation and change the spinning triangle geometry actively. First, the modification of the false-twisting device on the DTM129 ring-spinning frame was introduced. Taking the medium cotton yarn spinning as an example, corresponding ring yarn, Sirospun yarn, compact yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different spinning method was discussed. It is shown that comparing with the common yarn, the Hairiness and Strength of the modified yarns are all improved, and the effect of false-twisting device on yarn qualities is more effective for the low-twist yarn. Comparing with the ring spinning, the improvement degree of the modified compact spinning is a little smaller. Then, the long-staple cotton ring yarn, polyester and medium cotton blend ring yarn, polyester ring yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different fibers was discussed. It is shown that the influence of the false-twisting device on the long-staple cotton yarn and polyester yarn is little. That is, the false-twisting device given in the paper would be more applicable on the short fiber spinning under the low designed twist factor.     

假捻对低捻环锭纱结构的影响

 针对传统低捻纱强度低,影响其应用的问题,在环锭细纱机前罗拉和导纱钩之间安装1个专门设计的假捻装置,增加纺纱三角区内纤维的转移和纱线纤维间的抱合力,使纱线在具有较低捻度的同时拥有较高的强度。检测纱线的内部和外部结构,对比改良纱、普通捻度环锭纱和低捻度环锭纱的截面内纤维分布规律、纱线内的纤维轨迹以及纱线的表面结构。实验结果表明,经过改进的低捻度环锭纱与普通环锭纱具有不同的结构。     

A study on siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns. Part I: structural and migratory properties of the yarns

Properties of spun yarns are mainly affected by fiber properties and yarn structure. Yarn structure is principally influenced by the spinning system. In fact, each spinning system tends to produce a distinctive yarn structure. Recent refinements in spinning technologies have yielded significant improvement in yarn structure. Siro, solo and compact spinning are the new spinning systems to have made a breakthrough until recently. Of the various structural parameters for staple yarns, fiber migration has a crucial influence on the yarn mechanical properties. Thus, the need for precise and concise information about fiber migration becomes important for better understanding of yarn structure and hence yarn mechanical behavior. The work presented here aims to analyze fiber migration in siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns by varying the twist factor. The results demonstrate that the siro-spun yarns exhibit the highest fiber migration parameters, followed by compact-spun yarns, solo-spun yarns, and conventional ring-spun yarns.     

喷气涡流纱及其织物性能分析

文章对竹浆纤维和莫代尔纤维两种原料的喷气涡流纱与环锭纱及其织物进行了测试分析和比较,得出喷气涡流纱制成的织物与环锭纱制成的织物相比具有更加柔软,强度较低,表面光滑,耐磨,透气较好的特点。     

环锭纺和走锭纺山羊绒纱线性能比较

用山羊绒加工的纯山羊绒制品具有穿着舒适、保暖性强、绒面丰满、手感柔软滑糯、光泽柔和的独特风格,深受消费者的喜爱。粗纺系统是目前应用最广泛的羊绒纺纱方法,粗纺细纱机有环锭和走锭两种,根据两种设备的可纺性能,采用同一条纺纱工艺路线,选取相同原绒作为纺纱原料,纺制76.9tex的纯山羊绒环锭纱和走锭纱,分别测试两种纱线的捻度、线密度、强力、条干均匀度和毛羽,比较这两种不同纺纱方法的山羊绒纱线性能的关系。结果表明,走锭纺纱是生产羊绒纱线的最佳纺纱方法。     

高速涡流对环锭纺成纱质量的影响

为研究高速涡流对环锭纺成纱质量的影响,在环锭细纱机前钳口至导纱钩之间安装了自制的高速涡流装置;采用6种气流加压量对4种不同线密度纱进行纺纱试验,并对成纱质量进行了对比分析。结果表明在Z捻纺纱情况下,细纱有害毛羽减少量达到55．2％-60．8％;强力增加6．8％～10．8％,且随着气流加压量的增大,成纱强力先增加后降低;细纱实际捻度下降8．1％～10．7％,纱线细度越小实际捻度下降幅度越大;对细纱条干影响不大。     

Research on spun yarn qualities in a modified ring-spinning system using airflow-twisting device

In this paper, a kind of airflow-twisting devices which can produce the twist by the high vortex airflow is employed for improving the twist propagation process of ring-spinning system. Firstly, three different kinds of yarns Ne20, Ne40, and Ne60 are spun in this modified ring-spinning system with five different airflow pressures and two different swirling directions, including anticlockwise and clockwise, and the qualities of spun yarns, including hairiness, strength, evenness, and number of snarling characterizing the yarn residual torque, are measured. Secondly, the images of spinning triangles are captured by using a high speed camera system OLYMPUS i-speed3, and the mechanism of the effects of vortex airflow on yarn qualities is discussed by analyzing the fiber tension distributions in the spinning triangle. It is shown that for the ‘Z’ twist spun yarn, the spinning triangle decreases with the increasing of clockwise airflow pressures, whereas the triangle becomes more and more symmetrical with the increasing of anticlockwise airflow pressures. Meanwhile, the comprehensive qualities of spun yarn are improved with the increasing of both directions of airflow pressures to a certain extent. However, the hairiness and strength of spun yarn will be mainly improved with clockwise airflow, whereas yarn residual torque mainly reduced with anticlockwise airflow.     

Research on Sirospun yarn torque using airflow false twisting device

Yarn torque is one of the most important indexes of yarn quality, which is determined on the mechanical state of the constituent fibers and their configuration in the yarn. The fiber tension within a yarn was proposed to be the most influential factor governing the magnitude of yarn torque by Bennett and Postle. Therefore, the research on Sirospun yarn torque is investigated by analyzing the fiber tension at spinning triangle in this paper. Firstly, theoretical models of the fiber tension distributions at primary and final spinning triangles are presented, and corresponding residual torque within a yarn due to the fiber tension is given. The relationships between the yarn torque and the spinning triangle parameters are analyzed theoretically. Secondly, as an application of the proposed method, a modified Sirospun spinning system with an airflow false twisting device which can change spinning triangle parameters are investigated, and the properties of spun yarns produced by the modified system are evaluated and analyzed. It is shown that with the increasing airflow pressures, the Sirospun yarn shows a more and more uniform distribution of tensile and compressive stress within a yarn, and thus the yarn torque decreases correspondingly.     

纺纱技术对棉纱性能的影响

为深入分析纺纱技术对棉纱性能的影响,选择集聚纺和普通环锭纺两种纺纱技术进行研究。在KTTM环锭纺纱机上,根据普通环锭纺纱和集聚纺纱的技术要求,采用基本相同的纺纱前准备,生产普通环锭纱和集聚纱。为生产高品质纱线,在集聚纺纱机前罗拉输出的位置放置了一个集聚装置。试验测试、记录了每种纱线的物理性能,以比较普通环锭纱和集聚纱的性能,并利用乌斯特张力测试仪和乌斯特条干均匀度仪分析比较两种纺纱技术所生产的纱线。结果显示：由1．20型集聚装置生产的纱线具有较好的均匀性;通过统计分析可知,采用1．14型和1．20型集聚装置生产的集聚纱与普通环锭纱的拉伸性能具有显著区别,采用不同的集聚装置生产的纱线也明显不同。