硅灰粉煤灰混凝土早期强度试验研究

研究了硅灰、粉煤灰分别在单掺和双掺时对普通混凝土塌落度和3d早期强度的影响。结果表明,单掺硅灰会降低混凝土的坍落度,但可以提高混凝土3d早期强度10%～20%;单掺粉煤灰可以提高混凝土的坍落度,但会降低混凝土3d早期强度15%～25%;双掺时,硅灰最佳掺量为5%,粉煤灰最佳掺量为12%,其坍落度和3d早期强度无明显降低。     

掺粉煤灰和矿粉对混凝土开裂性能的影响

选用粉煤灰、矿粉作为掺合料以单掺和复掺的形式掺入到硅酸盐水泥混凝土中,检测其坍落度和3d、28d抗压强度以及早期抗开裂性能。研究结果表明:矿粉、粉煤灰均会降低混凝土3d强度,矿粉可以提高混凝土28d强度,粉煤灰掺量过大会降低混凝土28d强度。随着矿粉掺量的增加,混凝土坍落度随之降低,粉煤灰刚加入时会使混凝土坍落度降低,但是随着掺量的升高,坍落度会逐渐增大;开裂方面:单掺时,粉煤灰与矿粉都在掺量为37%时,抗开裂效果最佳,其中粉煤灰效果最好,复掺时,随着矿粉相对掺量的变大,裂缝的面积和数目都在增大。     

C50塔柱大体积混凝土配制技术

温度控制是大体积混凝土配制和施工的关键部分。C3A含量过高导致混凝土的坍落度经时损失增加,水化放热反应量升高,温峰提前。研究发现:适当提高砂率和粉煤灰掺量,并选用缓凝型高效减水剂有利于提高混凝土的和易性,减小经时坍落度损失。西固黄河大桥C50塔柱大体积混凝土的砂率控制在40%,粉煤灰掺量25%,并选用缓凝型高效减水剂,配制出混凝土的坍落度为220 mm,扩展度为600~590 mm,1 h内坍落度损失为零,凝结时间达到20 h。     

粉煤灰混凝土早期约束收缩试验研究

利用环形约束收缩试验装置测量了粉煤灰混凝土的早期约束收缩。I级粉煤灰增大新拌混凝土的坍落度,降低混凝土的早期强度,但粉煤灰混凝土的后期强度增长率大。只改变粉煤灰和水泥的比例,固定其他参数,粉煤灰掺量大的混凝土约束收缩小,也就是说,粉煤灰减小了混凝土的约束收缩,增大了混凝土的抗裂性能。在粉煤灰掺量(%)相同、水胶比接近时,胶凝材料总量大的,约束收缩大。     

双掺超细粉煤灰和矿渣高性能混凝土配合比设计优化

为研究双掺超细粉煤灰和矿渣高性能混凝土最优配比,借助室内正交试验的手段测试了不同掺量超细粉煤灰与矿渣对高性能混凝土坍落度、力学及耐久性能的影响.结果表明:复掺超细粉煤灰与矿渣能有效改善混凝土试件的坍落度,随着超细粉煤灰掺量的下降,坍落度有所降低,但降低的幅度很小对高性能混凝土工作性能没有影响;在超细粉煤灰和矿渣总量保持...     

采用聚羧酸系减水剂配制大掺量粉煤灰混凝土的试验研究

对低水胶比、大掺量粉煤灰混凝土的强度、坍落度等性能进行了试验研究，对粉煤灰在混凝土中的作用提出了新的认识，并介绍了聚羧酸系减水剂在大掺量粉煤灰混凝土中的应用情况。     

粉煤灰在水泥混凝土中应用性能研究

本文对Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级粉煤灰按不同掺量替代水泥进行了胶砂强度试验,及混凝土工作性能试验。结果表明,在掺灰量为15~25％范围内,相同掺量下掺I粉煤灰水泥各龄期胶砂强度均高于掺Ⅱ级灰水泥;相对纯水泥混凝土,掺量为20％的两种粉煤灰混凝土初始坍落度均会增大,坍落度保持能力也有所提高,且掺活化湿排灰的混凝土工作性保持能力更优;在混凝土力学性能方面,掺Ⅰ级粉煤灰的混凝土各龄期强度均大于掺Ⅱ级灰的混凝土各龄期强度,其中3天和7天分别超出33．6％和25．5％。     

循环流化床脱硫粉煤灰在混凝土中的应用研究

通过循环流化床脱硫粉煤灰与煤粉炉粉煤灰的对比试验,研究了脱硫粉煤灰对混凝土流动性及强度的影响。结果表明与煤粉炉粉煤灰相比,脱硫粉煤灰需水量比及28 d活性指数更大,掺脱硫粉煤灰的混凝土初始流动性更小,坍落度损失更大,7 d、28 d强度均更高,C60混凝土7 d强度占28 d强度的88%左右。     

粉煤灰在混凝土中的应用

粉煤灰的适量掺入能够改善混凝土的工作性,降低其早期收缩和开裂,利于后期强度发展。通过测量不同粉煤灰掺量对混凝土坍落度、强度、收缩值、开裂值的影响,确定了混凝土中粉煤灰最佳取代水泥量。这为镇江部分工程建设提高了质量,降低了生产成本。     

自燃煤矸石全轻混凝土拌合物坍落度经时损失试验研究

为了实现大流动性自燃煤矸石全轻预拌混凝土在工程中的普及应用,拌合物坍落度经时损失的研究尤为重要.本文首先对萘系和聚羧酸系两个品种减水剂进行了坍落度经时损失的对比试验,结果表明聚羧酸系较萘系对自燃煤矸石集料配制的混凝土有更好的适应性,且减水剂掺量少、减水率高,经时损失少.接下来通过单掺羧甲基纤维素、粉煤灰及引气剂,研究其对坍落度经时损失的影响.试验结果表明,复合使用聚羧酸系减水剂与引气剂,能更有效地控制混凝土拌合物坍落度的经时损失且使其具有良好的工作性.研究结果为自燃煤矸石全轻预拌混凝土在工程中的应用提供了参考.     

高性能混凝土减水剂NDJ的性能研究

对减水剂NDJ性能进行了实验研究,结果证明,NDJ不仅具有20%以上的高减水率,而且具有优良的增强和保坍性能,用其配制的大流动性混凝土的坍落度在1h内几乎无损失,2h内坍落度损失率小于10%,掺加NDJ的大流动性混凝土的28d抗压强度增长率在40%以上,NDJ适于配制预拌(商品)混凝土和高强、高性能混凝土。     

Slump loss and compressive strength of concrete made with WRR and HRWR admixtures and subjected to prolonged mixing

The effect of four water-reducing and retarding admixtures, and three superplasticizers on the consistency (slump) of fresh concrete, was studied at 21°C and 32°C in concrete mixes, made of OPC containing 10% fly ash, and subjected to prolonged mixing for up to 180 min. The effect of such mixing on compressive strength of concrete, at the ages of 3, 7, 28 and 90 days, was also studied. It was found that the admixtures in question accelerated the rate of slump loss at all ages, concrete compressive strength linearly increased with mixing time. The rate of slump loss, and the water demand of the concrete mixes increased within the temperature range studied.     

砂含泥量对混凝土性能的影响研究

在保证各标号混凝土配比和原材料不变的基础上,依次改变河砂含泥量(0%、2.0%、4.0%、6.0%),进行河砂不同含泥量对混凝土工作性能、外加剂掺量、坍落度损失以及抗压强度影响的试验研究,并对相应机理做出简要分析。试验表明,混凝土的扩展度、抗压强度均随含泥量的增加而减小,混凝土的外加剂掺量、坍落度损失随着含泥量的增加而增加。     

Influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the slump and compressive strength of concrete

The influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the properties of fresh and hardened concretes was investigated. Concrete mixes were prepared with natural and recycled aggregates at different proportions. The moisture states of the aggregates were controlled at air-dried (AD), oven-dried (OD) and saturated surface-dried (SSD) states prior to use. The ratio of cement to free water was kept constant for all of the mixes. At the fresh state, the slump loss for various concrete mixtures was determined, while the compressive strength was determined after curing for 3, 7 and 28 days. The test results showed that the initial slump values of the concrete mixtures were dependent on the initial free water contents, and the slump loss values of the mixtures were related to the moisture states of the aggregates. Slump loss was significant when 100% AD or OD recycled aggregate was used. The effect of the moisture states of the aggregates on the strength of the concretes prepared with OD and SSD state aggregates at early age (i.e., 3 and 7 days) was noticeable. The concrete prepared with the AD aggregates achieved the highest average strength values at 3, 7 and 28 days. However, at 28 days, the concrete strengths prepared with different types of aggregates were similar. The results suggested that an AD aggregate that contains not more than 50% recycled aggregate is optimum for producing normal strength recycled aggregate concrete.     

矿渣微粉的研制及应用研究

矿渣微粉作砼掺合料，有着很好的应用价值。用试验小磨进行了不同比表面积矿粉的性能试验，同时进行了不同矿粉掺量砼的性能试验。结果表明：矿渣微粉的活性指数高，流动性好。生产矿渣微粉的最佳粉磨比表面积为450—500m^2／kg。另外用矿粉代替部分水泥后，砼28d抗压值接近甚至高于对比样；且砼流动性改善明显，1h塌落度损失少；同时还降低了砼的生产成本。所以矿渣微粉是配制高强高性能砼的优质掺合料。     

改善高C3A水泥工作性能的外加剂调整方案

为了解决C3A含量较高的水泥造成的工作性不佳、工作性损失快的弊病,采用调整外加剂的方案进行了试验。结果表明,0．05％掺量的缓凝剂可以大幅改善高C3A水泥的初始流动度及经时损失,同时后期强度有所增长,但是会带来混凝土泌水严重的副作用,采取复配0．01％掺量的引气剂可以克服泌水和板结的现象,而不会造成强度的明显下降。     

Effect of retempering with superplasticizer admixtures on slump loss and compressive strength of concrete subjected to prolonged mixing

To have concrete possesses the specified engineering properties, its slump loss has to be compensated somehow at construction site so that concrete could be placed and compacted properly. Several attempts have been tried so far to render concrete workable at construction site including starting with a high initial slump at the stationary plant, or retempering with water and/or with chemical admixtures at construction site. In this investigation, ASTM C 494 Type F superplasticizer was used for retempering concrete to restore its initial slump. Concrete mixes having an initial slump of about 19 cm were prepared and subjected to prolonged mixing with different mixing duration such as 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min following an initial mixing of 5 min to ensure homogeneity. At the end of each mixing period, cube specimens of 15 cm were cast from concrete retempered to its initial slump level and tested at the age of 28 days for compressive strength. Results revealed that compared to the concrete retempered with water, those retempered with a superplasticizer admixture have yielded significantly higher strength regardless of the mixing duration.     

基于组合混料设计的高性能混凝土配合比优化研究

为了更加科学合理地进行高性能混凝土配合比设计,研究各个组分对高性能混凝土的影响,将水泥、矿粉、粉煤灰视为一组总质量不变的混料,细集料和粗集料视为另一组混料,通过组合设计分析了矿物掺合料、水泥、砂率的混料效应,同时得到了以坍落度和抗压强度为目标的回归方程,实现了配合比的优化设计.结果表明,为了得到工作性和抗压强度都较好的高性能混凝土,矿物掺合料的掺量和砂率均不宜过大.矿粉比粉煤灰先发挥强度作用,后期水泥与矿粉对高性能混凝土的抗压强度影响较大.砂率的增大对高性能混凝土的抗压强度影响较小,但会使高性能混凝土的坍落度先增加后降低.粉煤灰和矿粉的增加均会使高性能混凝土的坍落度增加.研究结论能够为高性能混凝土矿物掺合料、砂率的选择和配合比设计提供参考依据.     

Effects of retempering on consistency and compressive strength of concrete subjected to prolonged mixing

In this study, effects of prolonged mixing and four different retempering processes on some properties of fresh and hardened concrete, such as temperature, slump loss, and strength, were investigated. Two types of concrete mixtures with different compression strength having 15 cm initial slump were produced in a laboratory mixer. After mixing for 5 min at 20 rpm speed to ensure homogeneity, the mixing was continued at 4 rpm for a period of up to 4 h to simulate the prolonged agitation of ready-mixed concrete in truck mixers. Concrete samples were taken out of the mixer at the end of first, second, third, and fourth hour for estimating the effects of prolonged mixing on properties of fresh concrete. For restoring the initial workability, four different retempering methods were used and their effects on properties of concrete were investigated. Results show that compared to the untempered concrete mixtures, those tempered with solutions prepared by 3% or 4.5% solid superplasticizer by mass of retempering water had significantly less loss of 28-day compressive strength.