超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞在小儿疝气手术中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞用于小儿疝气手术中的效果。方法 46例小儿斜疝修补术患者随机分为两组各23例,观察组给予基础麻醉后实行超声引导下TAP阻滞,对照组仅予基础麻醉不予TAP阻滞,观察两组患儿切皮反应、术中KLS合剂用量、术后苏醒时间及术后镇痛效果。结果观察组患儿切皮前后MAP及HR无明显变化（P〉0.05）,对照组患儿切皮后MAP、HR均较切皮前有明显上升（P〈0.05）;观察组患儿术中KLS合剂用量及术后苏醒时间均明显小于对照组,术后镇痛满意的比例明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论超声引导下TAP阻滞用于小儿腹股沟斜疝手术能取得更加有效的镇痛效果。     

不同浓度罗派卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在小儿疝气术后镇痛中的效果比较

目的比较超声引导下不同浓度罗派卡因腹横肌平面（transversus abdominis plan,TAP）阻滞在小儿疝气术后镇痛效果。方法选取2016年6月至2017年6月50例拟行手术治疗的小儿疝气为研究对象。按照随机数字法分为观察组（L组）和对照组（H组）,各25例。L组采用0.250%罗派卡因0.5 mL/kg进行TAP阻滞,H组采用0.375%罗派卡因0.5 mL/kg进行TAP阻滞。比较2组患儿麻醉前、置入喉罩后、切皮前、切皮后1 min、术毕时平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）、麻醉时间、FLACC量表评分、有效镇痛时间、镇痛泵按压次数及术后发生恶心呕吐、腹胀便秘、下肢麻木患儿例数。结果2组MAP和HR在麻醉前、置入喉罩后、切皮前和切皮后1 min 4个时间点差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,在术毕时L组MAP和HR均高于H组患儿（P＜0.01和P＜0.05）;2组手术时间、FLACC量表评分、术后有效镇痛时间、镇痛泵按压次数方面差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。L组患儿术后不良反应发生率4.0%,低于H组的32.0%（P＜0.05）。结论超声引导下0.250%罗派卡因0.5 mL/kg行TAP神经阻滞复合静脉镇痛泵使用,可以满足小儿疝气术后镇痛的需求,不良反应少,是多模式镇痛的较佳选择。     

超声引导腹横肌平面阻滞对子宫切除术患者术后镇痛和恢复的影响

目的 比较单纯全身麻醉和全身麻醉复合腹横肌平面阻滞对血流动力学、术后镇痛和恢复的影响,探讨腹横肌平面阻滞在子宫切除患者麻醉与术后镇痛的价值。方法 全身麻醉下行经腹子宫切除术患者50例,按照镇痛方式不同随机分为两组:腹横肌平面阻滞组(TAP组,n=24)和静脉镇痛组(PCIA组,n=26)。TAP组在诱导后行双侧TAP阻滞;PCIA组不行阻滞,术后行静脉镇痛。记录入室时、划皮前、划皮后5、10、15、60、90min各时点的MAP、HR,七氟醚、舒芬太尼用量,术后1、6、12、24、48h VAS评分及哌替啶用量,肠道功能恢复、进食、下床活动和住院时间以及不良反应发生情况,调查患者满意度。结果 与PCIA组比较,TAP组划皮前、划皮后5min MAP明显降低;七氟醚、舒芬太尼用量减少;术后1、6、12h VAS评分降低;哌替啶用量减少;肠道功能恢复、进食时间缩短;恶心呕吐例数减少(均P<0.05)。结论 超声引导TAP阻滞能显著减轻子宫切除术患者术后疼痛,减少阿片类用量及恶心呕吐概率,缩短肠道恢复和进食时间,患者满意度高。     

横肌平面阻滞用于肝功能障碍产妇剖宫产术后镇痛效果观察

目的观察腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞用于肝功能障碍的产妇剖宫产术后镇痛的效果。方法选择30例肝功能异常拟行剖宫产的患者,随机分为两组,每组15例。观察组以0.25%左布比卡因40 ml行TAP阻滞;对照组不进行TAP阻滞。全麻下行剖宫产术,术毕缝皮后,观察组在超声引导下行双侧TAP阻滞,记录两组患者术后2h、4 h、6h、12 h和24 h静息及活动的疼痛VAS评分以及24 h内舒芬太尼的消耗量,观察两组患者的恶心和呕吐情况、肠蠕动恢复的时间和手术结束至患者首次下地活动所需的时间。结果观察组24 h舒芬太尼总量明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;两组患者术后2 h测VAS评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,观察组在术后4 h运动疼痛VAS评分显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而静息疼痛VAS评分两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;在术后6 h、12 h和24 h静息及运动疼痛VAS评分观察组均低于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组患者术后首次下地时间和排气时间明显提前（P〈0.05）;观察组恶心发生率比对照组低（P〈0.05）,而呕吐发生情况差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论超声引导下的TAP阻滞能有效降低肝功能障碍的产妇全麻剖宫产术后的疼痛VAS评分,减少舒芬太尼的用量,降低术后恶心的发生率,缩短了患者术后首次下地时间和排气时间。     

超声引导下腰方肌阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞对妇科肿瘤术后镇痛的影响

目的探讨超声引导腰方肌阻滞(quadratus lumborum block,QLB)与腹横肌平面阻滞(transversus abdominis plane block,TAP)对妇科肿瘤术后镇痛效果的影响。方法选择在本院择期行妇科开腹肿瘤手术患者60例,年龄23～53岁,体质量52～71kg,ASA分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级,将患者随机分为腰方肌阻滞组(QLB组)和腹横筋膜阻滞组(TAP组),各30例。QLB组患者于全麻诱导后手术前行超声引导下双侧QLB; TAP组在双侧肋缘下行超声引导下双侧TAP。记录两组术后2、4、8、12、24、36、48h静息和24、36、48h运动时VAS评分;观察两组患者切皮前即刻、切皮后5min SBP、DBP和HR,得到其差值;记录术后不同时间段舒芬太尼用量、术后满意、补救镇痛率、恶心呕吐发生情况。结果 QLB患者在术后4h、8h、12h、24h、36h时的静息状态下VAS评分和术后24h、36h、48h时的运动状态下VAS评分均低于TAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);切皮前即刻、切皮后5min,QLB组的DBP、HR的差值均明显小于TAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);QLB组患者在0-6h、6-12h、12-24h、24-36h的舒芬太尼用量和舒芬太尼总消耗量均少于TAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05); QLB组患者术后满意度明显高于TAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。与TAP组相比,QLB组患者使用静脉镇痛泵进行补救性镇痛的比例和恶心呕吐的发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论与TAP相比,妇科肿瘤患者术后实施超声引导QLB镇痛效果佳,能显著缓解术后疼痛,减少阿片类药物使用,提高患者满意度及舒适度。     

丙帕他莫超前镇痛在乳突根治术中的应用

目的观察丙帕他莫用于乳突根治术超前镇痛时的效果和安全性。方法42例ASAI一Ⅱ级行乳突根治术的患者依次交替分为两组,每组21例。观察组术前15rain静脉缓注丙帕他莫2g、对照组予静脉缓注同等容量生理盐水。所有患者术后给予患者静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）。观察并记录切皮前、切皮即刻、切皮后1min、5min,磨电钻即刻及5min时平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）变化;观察并记录术后2,4,6,12,24h的视觉模拟评分（VAS）、24h芬太尼用量和不良反应。结果与对照组比较,观察组MAP、HR在切皮前、切皮即刻、切皮后1min、5min和磨电钻即刻比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而观察组磨电钻后5rainMAP、HR比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后2,4,6h观察组镇痛评分优于对照组（P〈0．05）,其余时间点两组问镇痛评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;术后24h观察组的芬太尼用量低于对照组（P〈0．05）;两组不良反应发生率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论乳突根治术超前应用丙帕他莫,能减少术后芬太尼的用量,并能减轻不良反应的发生。     

腹横肌平面阻滞对经腹全子宫切除术的效果评价

【摘要】 目的 探讨腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞用于经腹全子宫切除术的麻醉效果。 方法 选择2018年3月~2019年12月于滁州市第一人民医院接受经腹全子宫切除术的患者90例,通过随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各45例。对照组于全麻下完成手术,观察组在对照组基础上,在全麻诱导结束后联合TAP阻滞麻醉。比较两组围术期情况、术中血流动力学、术后镇痛情况及不良反应。 结果 两组手术时间、术中出血量、睁眼时间、拔管时间、住院时间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）;观察组切皮后5min（T1）、切皮后30min（T2）、术毕（T3）时点平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）均明显低于对照组（P＜005）;观察组术后2h（T4）、6h（T5）、12h（T6）时点视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分低于对照组,且术后24h镇痛泵按压次数、舒芬太尼用量均明显比对照组低（P＜005）;两组恶心呕吐、瘙痒、头晕头痛、嗜睡、呼吸抑制发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞005）。 结论 TAP阻滞用于经腹全子宫切除术的麻醉效果显著,可有效避免术中血流动力学的剧烈波动,缓解术后疼痛,安全性好,可在临床应用推广。     

不同入路枕部头皮神经阻滞在乙状窦后入路开颅手术中的应用

目的对比不同入路枕部头皮神经阻滞在乙状窦后入路开颅手术围术期中的镇痛效果。方法收集经乙状窦后入路行听神经瘤、岩骨背侧脑膜瘤、胆脂瘤等桥小脑角区病变的神经外科显微手术患者40例,随机分成经典入路(C组,n=20）和头下斜肌入路(O组,n=20),分别记录切皮前、切皮时及切皮后5,10,15,30,60,90,120,150,180 min 的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、脑电双频指数（BIS）及肺泡最低有效浓度（MAC）;记录麻醉过程中追加的舒芬太尼用量;记录拔管后1,2,4,8,12 h的VAS评分和Ramsay镇静评分。结果两组患者的MAP,HR,BIS及MAC值在术中各时点组间比较均无明显差异（P<0.05）;C组中有5例患者术中切皮做入路分离时需追加舒芬太尼,两组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);两组患者术后各时点的VAS评分均较术后2 h增高(P<0.05),且术后8,12 h C组VAS评分明显高于O组(P<0.05);两组患者术后4,8,12 h的Ramsay评分较术后1 h显著降低(P<0.05),且C组明显低于O组(P<0.05)。结论头下斜肌入路的枕大、枕小神经阻滞能为乙状窦后入路开颅手术提供更长时间的术后镇痛,并能减少术中舒芬太尼的用量     

超声引导下腹横平面联合髂腹股沟、髂腹下神经阻滞在高龄患者斜疝手术中的应用

目的通过超声引导下腹横平面（TAP）阻滞联合髂腹股沟、髂腹下神经（IIN）阻滞在高龄患者斜疝无张力补片修补术中的应用,评估这种麻醉方法的安全性及可行性。方法拟行单侧腹股沟斜疝手术的患者60 例,随机分为A 组（TAP+IIN）阻滞麻醉和B 组IIN 阻滞麻醉。观察记录两组麻醉前（T0）、手术切皮时（T1）、疝囊剥离时（T2）、缝补片时（T3）、术毕（T4）的MAP、HR 的变化;术中舒芬太尼的用量及感觉阻滞区域平面;临床麻醉效果评级及不良反应;2、4、6、8、12 和24 h的VAS 评分以及BCS 舒适度评分。结果A 组与B 组比较,T2及T3时点的HR、MAP 差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,A 组低;但T0 、T1 及T4 时点HR 及MAP A组和B 组 间比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;术后2、4、6 和8 h各时点A组VAS 评分均低;BCS 舒适度评分高,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,但12 和24 h的VAS 及BCS 评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;A 组感觉阻滞平面高,麻醉效果好,术中的舒芬太尼用量低,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;两组患者均未发生神经损伤、穿刺损伤及感染。结论TAP阻滞联合髂腹股沟、IIN阻滞用于高龄患者行腹股沟斜疝无张力补片修补术,临床麻醉效果好。术中血压循环稳定,操作简单安全且并发症少,舒适度高,是高龄患者行斜疝无张力补片修补术比较理想的麻醉方法。     

氟比洛芬酯对超声引导下罗哌卡因坐骨神经阻滞患者的效果观察

目的：探讨氟比洛芬酯对超声引导下罗哌卡因坐骨神经阻滞患者术后疼痛持续时间的影响。方法：选取我院2020年10月—2021年10月收治的100例下肢骨折患者作为观察对象，所有患者均需采取手术治疗，且选择局部阻滞作为手术麻醉方式。将所有患者随机分为观察组与对照组，每组50例。给予对照组患者超声引导下罗哌卡因坐骨神经阻滞，观察组在对照组基础上增加氟比洛芬酯。对比两组患者静息状态、运动时VAS评分以及疼痛持续时间，不同时间血流动力学指标、术后镇痛情况及不良反应情况。结果：两组患者术后0.5～12h静息状态VAS评分逐渐升高，但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后12～48h运动状态VAS评分逐渐降低，且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组术后疼痛持续时间明显短于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者入室后、阻滞完成后平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)对比无显著差异(P>0.05),切皮时、拔管时观察组MAP、HR均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者24h内镇痛泵用量与不良反应发生率明显低于对照组，首次按压镇痛泵时间明显长于对照组(P<0.05)。...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.