共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
目的 采用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)作为阳性对照,建立斑马鱼幼鱼脂肪肝毒性风险评估模型进行塑化剂邻苯二甲酸丁酯苯甲酯(BBP)肝毒性危害识别。方法 分析DEHP和DBP暴露后斑马鱼肝脏脂肪信号强度及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)靶基因CD36的表达,初步构建斑马鱼幼鱼肝毒性模型;基于此模型对BBP进行肝毒性评价,此外采用肝脏表达绿色荧光转基因斑马鱼幼鱼进行肝密度分析、甘油三酯(TG)定量检测以及成鱼肝脏病理检查进一步验证模型的可靠性,应用基准剂量法(BMD)推导关键效应点。结果 DEHP、DBP表现出极显著诱发脂肪肝风险(均P<0.01),显著上调CD36相对表达量(P<0.001,P<0.05),提示造模成功。BBP(0.000 012 5%、0.000 025%、0.000 05%)诱发斑马鱼幼鱼显著的脂质沉积(P<0.05,P<0.001,P<0.001)、显著影响密度(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01)、显著增加TG蓄积(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01)、上调CD36基因表达。此外,BBP(≥0.000 012 5%)诱发斑马鱼成鱼肝脏部位脂质空泡形成、空泡间隙和数量减少,提示BBP具有明显的肝毒性。关键效应为肝脏脂肪信号强度(S),基准剂量下限(BMDL)值为0.013 mg/L。结论 本研究成功构建了一种通过肝脏脂肪信号强度来识别塑化剂肝毒性的斑马鱼幼鱼模型,结合基准剂量法进一步为塑化剂肝毒性危害识别提供科学依据。 相似文献
2.
为探讨发酵是否能提高麦麸多糖的抗氧化活性,本实验首先挑选受精后7~9 hpf(hours post fertilization, hpf)的斑马鱼受精卵,将其暴露在不同质量浓度(0、25、50、100、200、300μg/mL)的未发酵麦麸多糖(WBP)和发酵麦麸多糖(FWBP)溶液中,统计初孵仔鱼心率、测量其体长及卵黄囊大小,统计96 hpf时斑马鱼胚胎孵化率,评估WBP和FWBP对斑马鱼胚胎的安全性。在上述试验的基础上,将7~9 hpf的斑马鱼胚胎在不同质量浓度(0、50、100、200μg/mL)的WBP和FWBP溶液中预暴露到24 hpf,在72 hpf时通过荧光染色检测斑马鱼仔鱼活性氧(ROS)产生率、脂质过氧化率和细胞死亡率,分析过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果表明:高质量浓度(>300μg/mL)WBP和FWBP导致斑马鱼胚胎死亡率提高、心率和孵化率降低,体长变短,对斑马鱼胚胎的发育具有毒性作用;50、100、200μg/mL的WBP和FWBP均能降低了斑马鱼体内的ROS产生率、脂质过氧化率和细胞死亡率,提... 相似文献
3.
研究以白茶为对象,采用新型斑马鱼实验技术开展了白茶降糖比较研究。基于非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)斑马鱼研究发现,50和100 μg/mL老白牡丹茶(AWP)孵育24 h葡萄糖(GLU)值水平分别降低了29.68%和20.51%,孵育48 h GLU值分别降低了42.16%和51.54%,差异均显著(P<0.05);25、50和75 μg/mL白牡丹茶(WP)孵育24 h GLU值分别降低了40.18%、52.57%和62.11%,差异均显著(P<0.05)。另外,基于胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)斑马鱼研究,20和30 μg/mL AWP孵育24 h GLU值分别降低了24.92%和23.66%,孵育48 h分别降低了54.35%和38.38%,差异均显著(P<0.05);40 μg/mL WP孵育24 h GLU值降低了22.58%(P<0.05),20 μg/mL WP孵育48 h降低了26.51%(P<0.05);30 μg/mL茶多酚(TP)孵育48 h GLU值降低了24.53%(P<0.05)。重要的是,在同等生药量下,20 μg/mL WP和AWP对NIDDM斑马鱼的降糖效果显著优于TP;30 μg/mL AWP对IDDM斑马鱼的降糖效果略优于TP,再明显优于WP。结果表明白茶具有明显的降糖功效,TP也具有明确的降糖作用,但白茶的降糖效应并不仅限于依赖TP,具体何成分起关键作用尚值得关注和研究。 相似文献
4.
该研究以5 dpf斑马鱼为对象,系统研究了其对葡萄糖(GLU)和四氧嘧啶(ALX)耐受性的影响,研究了GLU与ALX联合建立糖尿病斑马鱼生物模型的可行性和有效性。以此为基础,研究了斑马鱼对青钱柳(CP)的耐受性并指导开展了CP的降糖作用评价。结果发现,以10 mg/mL GLU与3.60或7.20 μg/mL ALX联合诱导24 h,可显著增加斑马鱼GLU值,分别增加了51.52%(p<0.05)和68.32%(p<0.05)。经200、400和800 μg/mL阿卡波糖治疗处理后斑马鱼GLU值分别降低了27.28%、33.69%和38.75%,差异均显著(p<0.05),表明以10 mg/mL GLU与3.60 μg/mL ALX联合孵育24 h可以有效建立糖尿病斑马鱼模型。另外,研究发现,400和800 μg/mL CP可以显著降低10 mg/mL GLU溶液诱导的斑马鱼GLU值,分别降低了37.59%(p<0.05)和38.57%(p<0.05);200、400和800 μg/mL CP可以显著降低糖尿病斑马鱼GLU值,分别降低了27.43%、32.75%和29.20%,差异均显著(p<0.05)。结果表明,基于正常生理和病理生理的斑马鱼生物模型评价,CP具有明显的降糖效应,其在辅助降糖功能饮品开发上具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
5.
探对石榴酒的抗氧化活性进行研究,采用分光光度法测定石榴酒对DPPH·、·OH和O_2~-自由基的清除能力和石榴酒的还原力,并利用皮肤荧光斑马鱼进行石榴酒的抗氧化活性试验。结果表明:石榴酒在一定范围加入量内对DPPH·、·OH和O_2~-有良好的清除作用,清除率最大分别为92.95%、82.76%和63.85%。在对皮肤荧光斑马鱼进行石榴酒的抗氧化活性体内试验中,石榴酒浓度在30、40、50μL/mL时,相对抗氧化能力分别达到了39.7%、60.3%、75.4%。 相似文献
6.
7.
摘要:目的 探究四种拟除虫菊酯类农药(溴氰菊酯、丙烯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、顺式氰戊菊酯)对斑马鱼神经毒性的作用,并与大鼠毒性结果进行比较,以期为斑马鱼在食品安全评价中的应用提供参考。方法 对四种农药采用静态暴露方法,分析其在高中低三种剂量下对斑马鱼幼鱼的形态、神经行为的影响;同时以活性氧(Reactive oxygen,ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶((superoxide dismutase,SOD)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase,AchE)为指标,研究各农药在高中低剂量下对斑马鱼幼鱼神经化学的影响。结果 四种拟除虫菊酯类农药均对斑马鱼幼鱼造成了体长变短、脊柱弯曲等形态变化;除丙烯菊酯外,其他三种农药均使斑马鱼幼鱼出现显著的运动活性降低趋势;在神经化学方面,与空白组和对照组相比,四种农药随着浓度增加均使斑马鱼幼鱼体内的AchE活性显著下降、SOD活性显著升高;但四种农药对ROS活性变化各有差异:溴氰菊酯与高效氯氰菊酯对斑马鱼幼鱼的ROS影响无显著性差异,而丙烯菊酯和顺式氰戊菊酯在高中剂量下均可导致斑马鱼幼鱼ROS显著增加。结论 拟除虫菊酯农药对斑马鱼幼鱼产生了显著的神经毒性作用,首次发现形态变化和AchE活性的变化与大鼠相关结果体现出较好的一致性,有望替代大鼠用于更加简便快捷的食品安全风险评估;其余指标与大鼠呈现不同程度的差异,可能与两者生物学特性的差别有关。 相似文献
8.
研究藿香紫苏饮对由酒石酸长春瑞滨所诱导的免疫力低下斑马鱼的免疫功能的调节作用。通过给斑马鱼静脉注射0.2 mg/mL酒石酸长春瑞滨诱导建立免疫力低下模型,将斑马鱼随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、藿香紫苏饮低剂量组(500μg/mL)、藿香紫苏饮中剂量组(1 000μg/mL)、藿香紫苏饮高剂量组(2 000μg/mL),每组30尾。使用荧光显微镜观察并分析各组斑马鱼巨噬细胞吞噬功能及T细胞减少的改善效果。结果表明,藿香紫苏饮高剂量组(2 000μg/mL)斑马鱼体内剩余荧光微球数量显著低于模型对照组(P<0.05);藿香紫苏饮低、中、高剂量组斑马鱼T细胞荧光强度显著高于模型对照组(P<0.01)。藿香紫苏饮具有促进斑马鱼巨噬细胞吞噬、改善T细胞减少的功效。 相似文献
9.
建立斑马鱼功效模型,验证钙果饮的补钙效果。选择发育健康且生长阶段一致的3 dpf野生型斑马鱼,加入不同浓度(3.125μg·mL-1、6.25μg·mL-1、12.5μg·mL-1、25.0μg·mL-1、50.0μg·mL-1、100.0μg·mL-1)钙果饮,同时设置正常对照组,每孔容量为3 mL,确定钙果饮对正常斑马鱼的最大耐受浓度;取3个浓度梯度组(3.125μg·mL-1、6.25μg·mL-1、12.5μg·mL-1)、阳性对照组和正常对照组,用钙黄绿素进行染色,计算斑马鱼的椎骨荧光强度。结果表明,钙果饮对正常斑马鱼的最大耐受浓度为12.5μg·mL-1;钙果饮的补钙效果随浓度的增加而增加,与空白对照组相比,不同钙果饮浓度处理的斑马鱼骨骼荧光强度增强,说明钙果饮具有显著的补钙效果。 相似文献
10.
为进一步实现琼胶寡糖的高值化利用,探究琼胶寡糖(Agaro-oligosaccharides,AOS)对2,2-偶氮二(2-甲基丙基咪)二盐酸盐(AAPH)诱导损伤后斑马鱼的抗氧化作用及机制。采用高效液相色谱法对酸法制备的琼胶寡糖组分进行分析。优化建立AAPH诱导的斑马鱼模型,并以斑马鱼胚胎存活率、活性氧生成率和细胞死亡率评价不同浓度琼胶寡糖的抗氧化活性。结果表明,琼胶寡糖主要由琼二糖(51.60%)、琼四糖(28.40%)和琼六糖(14.50%)组成,对斑马鱼胚胎添加琼胶寡糖浓度低于200 μg/mL时无致畸、致死毒性;琼胶寡糖(25、50、100 μg/mL)对最优AAPH诱导浓度(15 mmol/L)引起的氧化应激损伤斑马鱼模型有保护作用,且呈剂量依赖性。其中最优浓度100 μg/mL 琼胶寡糖能显著提高斑马鱼胚胎存活率(96.88%,p<0.05),显著降低AAPH引起的斑马鱼体内活性氧生成率(100.53%,p<0.05)和细胞死亡率(101.69%,p<0.05)。本研究通过斑马鱼模型首次揭示了琼胶寡糖可通过清除体内大量活性氧生成和阻止细胞死亡损伤的抗氧化机制实现提高其体内抗氧化活性,为其作为保健功能食品等应用提供了理论基础。 相似文献
11.
Shuhua Zhu Lina Sun Mengchen Liu Jie Zhou 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2008,88(13):2324-2331
BACKGROUND: The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in kiwifruit can cause oxidative damage during storage. Little research has been carried out on the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on oxidative damage to kiwifruit. Therefore the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of 0.5, 1 and 2 µmol L?1 NO aqueous solutions to alleviate oxidative damage to kiwifruit during storage. RESULTS: The most marked effect was obtained with 1 µmol L?1 NO solution, which significantly reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, delayed the decrease in vitamins C and E, maintained the content of soluble solids, inhibited the activity of lipoxygenase and peroxidase and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in kiwifruit during storage. The 0.5 µmol L?1 NO solution was too weak to significantly affect the content of ROS and the activity of enzymes. However, treatment with 2 µmol L?1 NO solution promoted the accumulation of ROS, decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and accelerated peroxidation in kiwifruit during storage. CONCLUSION By increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and maintaining the content of vitamins C and E, treatment with 1 µmol L?1 NO aqueous solution could protect kiwifruit against oxidative damage caused by ROS during storage. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
12.
13.
Yang X Kang SM Jeon BT Kim YD Ha JH Kim YT Jeon YJ 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2011,91(10):1925-1927
BACKGROUND: Large amounts of citrus by‐products are released from juice‐processing plants every year. Most bioactive compounds are found in the peel and inner white pulp. Flavonoids are a widely distributed group of bioactive compounds. The methanolic extract of citrus peel powder has been shown to possess strong antioxidant activity. Therefore the aim of this study was to isolate the major antioxidant flavonoid compound from Citrus unshiu (satsuma) peel as citrus by‐product and evaluate its antioxidant activity. RESULTS: The major flavonoid isolated from C. unshiu peel was identified as quercetagetin. The structure of the compound was determined by tandem mass spectrometry and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Its antioxidant activity was assessed by assays of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and DNA damage inhibition. Quercetagetin showed strong DPPH radical‐scavenging activity (IC507.89 µmol L?1) but much lower hydroxyl radical‐scavenging activity (IC50203.82 µmol L?1). Furthermore, it significantly reduced ROS in Vero cells and showed a strong protective effect against hydrogen peroxide‐induced DNA damage. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that quercetagetin could be used in the functional food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
14.
15.
Effect of high-voltage electrostatic field pretreatment on the antioxidant system in stored green mature tomatoes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: High‐voltage electrostatic field (HVEF), as a feasible and non‐chemical technique, applied to food preservation is a new area of study. Our previous research suggested HVEF could maintain the quality of tomato in storage. The present article intensively investigated the effect of HVEF pretreatment on antioxidant system of green mature tomato in storage. RESULTS: Green mature tomatoes were exposed to negative (or positive) HVEF for 2 h at 20 °C and then stored for 24 days at 13 ± 1 °C, 85–90% relative humidity. The results indicated HVEF significantly reduced contents of O2? and H2O2 of tomato fruits during storage compared to the control. HVEF treatment also enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase. The contents of non‐enzyme antioxidant components including reduced glutathione, phenols and ascorbic acid also were increased by HVEF treatment. However, HVEF treatment did not increase the content of lycopene in tomato fruit. CONCLUSION: HVEF treatment could promote the antioxidant capacity of tomato fruits in storage. Further research is be highly recommended to understand the mechanisms improving the antioxidant capacity of tomato fruits by HVEF. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
16.
17.
Structural and antioxidant modification of wheat peptides modified by the heat and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Wheat peptides, the biological active peptides derived from foods, has an array of biological actions, including antiobesity, antimicrobial, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory effects in mammalian species. Recent studies showed that some wheat peptides may show the noteworthy antioxidant potency against the peroxidation of lipids or fatty acids, but the effect of oxidation on its antioxidant activities is unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate that heat and malandialdehyde (MDA)-oxidized wheat peptides lose its surface hydrophobicity and reducing power, and show a relatively lower free radical-scavenging activitiy in vitro. Those modifications also lead to gradual formation of aggregates in wheat peptides and induce more reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vivo. These findings indicate that oxidation may influence the functional properties and directly alter the structure of wheat peptides, and lead to the loss of its antioxidant potency both in vitro and in vivo, thereby providing a novel explanation for some of the potential health risks proposed for oxidized food in human. 相似文献
18.
Abdelbasset Lakhdar Maria Adelaide Iannelli Ahmed Debez Angelo Massacci Naceur Jedidi Chedly Abdelly 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2010,90(6):965-971
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate utilisation of biosolids may adversely impact agrosystem productivity. Here, we address the response of wheat (Triticum durum) to different doses (0, 40, 100, 200 and 300 t ha?1) of either municipal solid waste (MSW) compost or sewage sludge in a greenhouse pot experiment. Plant growth, heavy metal uptake, and antioxidant activity were considered. RESULTS: Biomass production of treated plants was significantly enhanced at 40 t ha?1 and 100 t ha?1 of MSW compost (+48% and +78% relative to the control, respectively). At the same doses of sewage sludge, the increase was only 18%. Higher doses of both biosolids restricted significantly the plant growth, in concomitance with the significant accumulation of heavy metals (Ni2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+), especially in leaves. Leaf activities of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) were unchanged at 40 t ha?1 MSW compost or sewage sludge, but were significantly stimulated at higher doses (200–300 t ha?1), together with higher leaf concentration of reduced glutathione. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study suggests that a MSW supply at moderate doses (100 t ha?1) could be highly beneficial for wheat productivity. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
19.
20.
Phenolic Compounds of Cereals and Their Antioxidant Capacity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pham Van Hung 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2016,56(1):25-35
Phenolic compounds play an important role in health benefits because of their highly antioxidant capacity. In this review, total phenolic contents (TPCs), phenolic acid profile and antioxidant capacity of the extracted from wheat, corn, rice, barley, sorghum, rye, oat, and millet, which have been recently reported, are summarized. The review shows clearly that cereals contain a number of phytochemicals including phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, etc. The phytochemicals of cereals significantly exhibit antioxidant activity as measured by trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, reducing power, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and DNA, Rancimat, inhibition of photochemilumenescence (PCL), and iron(II) chelation activity. Thus, the consumption of whole grains is considered to have significantly health benefits in prevention from chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer because of the contribution of phenolic compounds existed. In addition, the extracts from cereal brans are considered to be used as a source of natural antioxidants. 相似文献