经腹全胃切除治疗胃癌170例临床分析

目的 探讨胃癌患者行全胃切除的适应证，合理手术入路的选择及术后消化道的重建方式，方法 复习经腹全胃切除术的170例胃癌患者的临床资料。结果 根治性全胃切除132例，姑息性全胃切除38例，联合脏器切除18例，全胃切除后采用食管空肠Roux-Y吻合重建消化道110例，间置空肠法重建消化道60例，食管空肠Roux-Y吻合发生倾倒综合征20例，返流性食管炎6例，间置空肠法重建消化道无一例发生，结论（1）胃癌尤其是胃底贲门癌采用经腹手术效果较好。（2）严格掌握手术适应证，采用全胃切除可提高胃癌患者的生存期及生存质量。（3）根治性全胃切除术后采用间置空肠重建消化道优于食管空肠Roux-Y法。     

经腹经纵隔全胃或次全胃切除47例分析

目的 探讨胃肿瘤行全胃或次全胃切除的路径及合理的消化道重建方式。方法 1997—2005年对47例胃上部厦贲门肿瘤行经腹经纵隔全胃或次全胃切除、结肠段消化道重建术，对其手术方法、手术并发症、术后消化道症状进行观察。结果 术后发生食管横结肠吻合口漏1例，余46例无吻合口漏及术后消化道等并发症。与经胸腹手术相比，具有创伤小，并发症少，恢复快等特点。结论 经腹经纵隔全胃或次全胃切除、结肠段消化道重建是一种安全、实用、疗效满意的手术方法，术后加强营齐支持治疗，可明显提高病人的生存质量．、     

胃癌全胃切除P型空肠代胃术

本文报告了60例胃癌全胃切除P型空肠代胃术,并介绍了手术方法。经腹手术56例,胸腹联合切口4例。术后无手术死亡和食管空肠吻合口瘘发生,术后并发症发生率为5.0％(3/60),其中返流性食管炎3.33％(2/60),倾倒综合症为1.67％(1/60),且症状轻微。术后1月钡餐检查显示P型空肠袢具有良好的贮留功能。     

食管空肠重叠法三角吻合用于胃癌腹腔镜下全胃和近端胃切除的临床疗效

目的: 探讨食管空肠重叠法三角吻合在胃癌腹腔镜全胃和近端胃切除术中临床应用的可行性和安全性。方法: 回顾性分析2017年10月至2018年3月间9例胃癌病人腹腔镜胃切除的临床资料。4例近端胃癌病人行腹腔镜近端胃切除和双通道重建。1例近端胃癌和4例胃体癌病人行腹腔镜全胃切除和Roux-en-Y吻合。9例均采用食管空肠重叠法三角吻合（改良重叠法）。结果: 本研究病人食管空肠重叠法三角吻合均成功完成。总手术时间为（273.9±48.2） min。食管空肠重叠法三角吻合时间为（40.9±13.3） min。术中出血量为（58.9±43.4） mL,淋巴结清扫数为（27.1±11.8）枚。上、下切缘病理检查结果均未见癌残留。术后首次肛门排气时间为（2.5±0.9） d,进流质时间为（4.8±1.3） d,术后住院时间为（7.9±1.8） d。病人均无术后并发症发生。结论: 食管空肠重叠法三角吻合在胃癌腹腔镜全胃和近端胃切除术中的临床应用,可行且安全。     

经腹经裂孔纵隔内食管-胃和食管-空肠双吻合新技术的应用

目的探讨经腹经裂孔行扩大近端胃或全胃切除术后,在纵隔内完成食管-胃或食管-空肠吻合的方法。方法2010年5月至2012年1月,对15例食管胃交界部腺癌患者在施行开放经腹膈肌裂孔扩大胃切除术或全胃切除术后,采用腹段食管逆向置入抵钉座、弧形吻合器切断食管、利用缝线牵出抵钉座的方法予以双吻合技术完成食管-胃或食管-空肠吻合,其中9例为近端胃大部切除行食管-管状胃端端吻合,6例为全胃切除术行食管-空肠吻合。结果全部病例吻合过程顺利,手术时间（185．5±13．1）min,吻合耗时（42．0±8．6）min,术中出血量（106．7±34．9）ml,食管切缘距肿瘤近端（4．4±1．2）cm．残端均无癌残留。无手术死亡及吻合口瘘发生,术后随访发现1例吻合口狭窄．经扩张后缓解。结论抵钉座逆向置人食管联合弧形切割闭合器双吻合技术能简单而安全地在下后纵隔完成食管-胃或食管-空肠吻合．可能成为食管胃交界处癌行扩大胃切除术后的一种较理想的吻合方式。     

全胃切除ρ形空肠代胃治疗胃癌64例报告

报告全胃切除ρ形空肠代胃治疗胃癌64例。术后无吻合口瘘与手术死亡，无返流性食管炎和倾倒综合征，生存质量满意。术后1、3、5年生存率分别为71．8%、42．2％和34．4％。本组结果表明：此种改良后的ρ形空肠代胃、空肠原位间置术式．安全、简便、省时，使常见的手术并发症和远期后遗症均可得到较好预防和纠正，术后生存质量高，是一种满意的代胃术。     

全胃切除ρ形空肠代胃治疗胃癌64例报告

报告全胃切除ρ形空肠代胃治疗胃癌６４例。术后无吻合口瘘与手术死亡，无返流性食管炎和倾倒综合征，生存质量满意。术后１、３、５年生存率分别为７１．８％、４２．２％和３４．４％。本组结果表明：此种改良后的ρ形空肠代胃、空肠原位间置术式，安全、简便、省时，使常见的手术并发症和远期后遗症均可得到较好预防和纠正，术后生存质量高，是一种满意的代胃术。     

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目的分析应用手术机器人系统进行胃癌全胃切除与食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性分析2011年5～11月南京军区南京总医院对20例胃癌病人应用达芬奇手术机器人系统进行胃癌全胃根治切除与食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的临床资料。结果 20例胃癌病人施行了全机器人全胃切除及食管空肠吻合术,其中男13例,女7例;年龄平均(57.8±6.5)岁。手术时间平均(245.5±53.0)min,出血量平均(75.5±50.3)mL。无术中并发症发生,术后无吻合口漏、出血、腹腔感染等并发症,仅1例病人术后发生输入袢肠梗阻,经再手术治疗后治愈。术后住院时间平均(6.4±2.5)d。结论手术机器人系统具有视野清晰、操作灵活精准,利用其进行全胃切除后食管空肠吻合术,操作简便可靠。应用手术机器人系统可能是进行食管空肠吻合的最佳解决方案。     

经腹全胃切除食道空肠一层吻合术

经腹切口行根治性全胃切除术相对于经胸或胸腹联合切口手术具有生理干扰小、术后恢复快等优点：适用于年老、体质差、合并心肺疾病等而不能耐受开胸或胸腹联合切口。但经腹切口因位置较深．食管下段暴露欠佳，吻合操作困难而容易发生吻合口漏、狭窄等并发症。为解决这一问题，自1990．2～2000．5我们采用食管空肠一层开放式吻合术为32例全胃切除病人施行了手术，取得了满意效果，现介绍如下。     

经腹切开膈肌脚纵隔内行食管胃或空肠机械吻合术治疗贲门部癌

目的 探索治疗贲门部癌的手术入路新方法。方法 经腹切开膈肌脚入,用国产吻合器行纵隔内食管胃吻合89例、食管空肠吻合16例。结果 在切除肿瘤及其上方7cm食管的同时,清除纵隔下部淋巴结,淋巴结转移率为20．9％。全组病例无手术死亡,无吻合口瘘,亦无食管切缘癌残留。术后并发症发生率4．76％,5年生存率39％。结论 经腹切开膈肌脚纵隔内食管胃（空肠）机械吻合术,操作简便,术野暴露良好,创伤及生理扰乱较小,能有效地预防吻合口瘘,且便于切除足够长度食管和扩大淋巴结清除范围。适用于浸润食管长度＜2cm的贲门部癌的外科治疗。     

同时发生的食管胃重复癌的外科治疗

目的探讨同时发生的食管、胃重复癌的外科治疗方法及效果.方法1985年1月至2005年1月收治同时发生的食管、胃重复癌12例,均为男性,平均年龄56.8岁.全组均行手术治疗,成功完成同期食管次全切除并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道10例,食管内翻拔脱并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道1例,手术探查1例.结果全组无围术期死亡.术后颈部吻合口瘘2例,不全肠梗阻1例,均经保守治疗后痊愈;术后腹部切口裂开1例,二期缝合治愈.9例获得随访,1、3、5年生存率分别100%、44.4%、22.2%.结论同期食管次全切除并全胃切除,结肠代食管并空肠“P”袢代胃重建消化道是根治同时发生的食管、胃重复癌安全有效的外科治疗方法.     

Rational surgical operations for advanced cancers located in the middle of the stomach

Before 1982, total gastrectomy with pancreaticosplenectomy was performed for advanced gastric carcinoma which exposed to the serosa and was located in the middle of the stomach (M). The results of that surgical treatment were evaluated, and new surgical approaches were expected to provide a much better prognosis to patients. (1) A radical surgical operation, left upper abdominal evisceration + Appleby's method (LUAE + Apl), was tried for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancers from 1983. The 3-year survival after LUAE + Apl (77.9%) was better than that after total gastrectomy with pancreaticosplenectomy (35.0%) (p less than 0.05). In terms of the postoperative condition, no significant differences were observed between both operations. (2) As a conservative operation, total gastrectomy with resection of the spleen and splenic artery (Group A) was compared with total gastrectomy plus pancreaticosplenectomy (Group B) in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma other than Borrmann type 4. The 5-year survival was similar in both groups. The incidence of postoperative disorders was lower in Group A than in Group B (p less than 0.05). LUAE + Apl for Borrmann type 4 and total gastrectomy with resection of the spleen and splenic artery for the other advanced gastric cancers led to good results. These rational surgical operations will be necessary to achieve a good quality of life for the patients.     

全胃切除与近侧胃切除治疗胃底贲门部癌术后生存状态对比分析

目的研究全胃切除术治疗胃底贲门部癌在术后生存状况方面的意义。方法回顾性分析1997年5月至2012年10月期间兰州大学附属白银医院普通外科手术治疗的118例胃底贲门部癌患者的临床资料,其中行全胃切除术（全胃切除组）65例,行近侧胃切除术（近侧胃切除组）53例;对比分析2组患者的术后并发症、生存率、生活质量、营养指标等相关资料。结果①术后并发症发生率全胃切除组为7．7％（5／65）,近侧胃切除组为13．2％（7／53）,2组术后主要并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义积X2=0．972,P=O．248）。②术后1、3、5年生存率全胃切除组分别为63．1％、46．2％及30．8％,近侧胃切除组分别为66．O％、36．9％及18．5％,2组1年生存率比较差异无统计学意义贸=0．193,P=O．402）,全胃切除组的3、5年生存率明显高于近侧胃切除组呼X2=4．508,P=O．022;X2=30．271,P=-O．000）。③Spi~er生活质量评分在术后不同时相全胃切除组和近侧胃切除组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后不同时相Chew-wun Wu特殊症状量表评分：术后3个月时,全胃切除组烧心感的评分明显高于近侧胃切除组（P〈0．05）;术后6个月时,全胃切除组的烧心感和吞咽闲难的评分均明显高于近侧胃切除组∽〈0．05）;术后12个月时,食欲、进食量、烧心感和吞咽困难的评分均明显高于近侧胃切除组（P〈0．05）;其余指标2组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。④全胃切除组和近侧胃切除组术后营养指标比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论从本组资料看,全胃切除术治疗胃底贲门部癌,不增加并发症发生率,并能提高患者长期生存率,术后患者总体生存质量优于近侧胃切除术。     

Relation between early and advanced gastric cancer

Of 75 consecutive inpatients with gastric carcinoma during a 3.5 year period, 40 underwent operation with the intention of cure, 5 had palliative gastric resection and 30 had exploratory celiotomy only. Early gastric cancer was found in 11 cases, that is, 15 percent of patients with gastric carcinoma or 24 percent of patients subjected to gastrectomy. The patients with early gastric cancer were operated on with the intention of cure.Comparison with a previous series from the same geographic area shows that the ratio between early gastric cancer and all gastric cancer increased significantly. This improvement in the management of patients with gastric carcinoma can be ascribed to the use of gastroscopy and biopsy. The survival rates in patients with early gastric cancer are excellent. The prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer, on the other hand, is poor and has remained so for the last 30 to 40 years.Twelve of the 75 patients had gastric stump carcinoma; 2 of these were early gastric cancer. Screening of asymptomatic patients for gastric cancer is at present an impossible task in most Western countries, but the risk of cancer after partial gastrectomy for benign lesions makes screening desirable in this selected group of patients.     

胃癌切除术后吻合口漏营养支持19例报告

目的:总结胃癌切除术后食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏的营养支持经验,以提高对食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏的治疗水平。方法:对1997年1月至2006年12月,中国人民解放军总医院治疗的胃癌切除术后6例食管胃吻合口漏和13例食管空肠吻合口漏共19例病人进行回顾性分析。结果:19例均加强吻合口附近的腹腔引流,采用持续胃肠减压,均先给予肠外营养支持、然后从肠外营养支持逐步过渡到肠内营养支持的治疗手段。16例在肠外营养液中强化了谷氨酰胺,19例均使用生长抑素,5例在吻合口漏愈合期加用了生长激素。在首次胃癌切除术后,4例漏口21～30d自愈,12例漏口30～60d愈合,2例漏口60～81d愈合,1例因严重的左侧胸腔、肺部感染合并腹腔感染于首次胃癌切除术后42d死亡。结论:保证腹腔引流的通畅、持续胃肠减压,特别是肠外结合肠内营养支持、强化谷氨酰胺、生长抑素、生长激素等措施,是促进胃癌切除术后食管胃或食管空肠吻合口漏愈合的重要手段。     

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??Objective:To summarize the nutritional supporting experiences in anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and to increase the level of treatment of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy. Methods:A total of 19 cases of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy (6 cases) or esophagojejunostomy (13 cases) after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma in PLA General Hospital from January 1997 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Results:All of the cases were treated with abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression and parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition.Sixteen cases were given glutamine enrichment.Ninteen cases were infused somatostatin.Five cases were supplemented recombinant human growth hormone.Four cases′ fistula had been healed after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma 21??30d.Twelve cases′ fistula had been healed 30??60d.Two cases′ fistula had been healed 60??81d.One case complicated with severe sepsis of thoracic cavity,lung and abdominal cavity died 42d after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Conclusion:The treatment with abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression,parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition,glutamine,somatostatin and recombinant human growth hormone are the important factors for healing of anastomotic leakage following esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.     

贲门癌不同术式的前瞻性随机临床研究

目的　通过前瞻性随机临床研究来探讨贲门癌的术式选择。方法　将 84例贲门癌患者随机分为两组 ,一组行全胃切除术 (TG) ,另一组行近侧胃大部切除术 (STG) ,分别于术后 1个月 ,3个月 ,12个月进行随访 ,要求患者根据随访表并测定相应指标。结果　 84例患者中 ,术前和术后 1个月两组间各项指标差异无显著性。术后 3、12个月 ,在食量、灼心感、体重减轻等方面 ,TG组优于STG组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其他症状与Spitze评分中 ,TG组与STG组比较 ,差异无显著性。TG组与STG组的营养指标在术后均有下降 ,但随时间延长都逐渐上升 ,TG组与STG组在术后 1个月的比较 ,差异无显著 ,在 3、12个月 ,TG组的营养指标比STG组改善更明显 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。TG组手术时间比STG组要长 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,出血量相仿 ,TG组术后出现并发症与STG组比较 ,差异无显著性。结论　贲门癌的基本术式应该是全胃切除术 ,术后患者的生活质量、营养状态、临床疗效均能达到满意的效果。     

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma). Current diagnosis and treatment

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is being detected at an earlier stage through liberal use of serum gastrin testing and application of secretin provocative tests if needed. The peptic ulcer disease of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome can usually be controlled by large doses of one of the new potent gastric acid inhibitors. A battery of preoperative localizing tests can then be applied to guide exploratory laparotomy in non-MEN I patients. The tumor should be resected if possible, and continued low gastrin levels after operation provide evidence of a complete resection. It is reasonable to perform a parietal cell vagotomy at celiotomy because it will facilitate control of acid secretion if tumor resection is not successful. The only need for total gastrectomy is in a few patients whose acid secretion cannot be controlled with H2 receptor antagonists or who cannot comply with medical therapy. When no tumor is found at celiotomy, the prognosis for long-term tumor-free survival is excellent. Unfortunately, if unresectable hepatic metastases are present at operation, the patient is likely to die from metastatic tumor.     

腹腔镜胃癌根治残胃或食道与空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术经验

探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术残胃或食道空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年9月施行腹腔镜根治性全胃切除行食道与空肠双襻吻合空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式45例;远端胃大部切除行残胃与空肠双襻空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式71例,共116例病人的临床资料分析。 结果116例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜胃癌根治术,无中转手术。术后发生胃排空障碍3例(2.6%),经有效胃肠减压,放置营养管支持等保守治疗5～21 d胃排空障碍解除。45例食道与空肠双襻空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式无排空障碍发生。本组发生肺部感染6例(5.2%)、经治疗感染得到控制;发生脑血栓1例(0.8%),经积极有效对症治疗病情稳定;发生房颤4例(3.4%),经对症治疗缓解,无围手术期死亡。术后116例病人随访时间截止2018年9月(6 ～109个月),术后肿瘤复发4例(3.4%)。 结论腹腔镜胃癌根治术残胃或食道空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术,可有效降低术后并发症发生率,加速病人快速康复,其术后消化吸收功能和病人生活质量较好。