煤结构研究进展

从煤的聚集态结构入手,总结了几种主要显微组分的成因、结构及其溶胀特性,分析并讨论了近年来煤结构模型（包括化学结构模型、物理结构模型及综合模型）的研究及其发展情况,提出了煤结构研究的方法和思路,并指出了煤结构研究的发展方向。最后通过总结煤结构研究在新材料制备中的重要作用,进一步揭示了煤结构研究的重要性。     

煤结构的研究及其发展

从煤结构研究的现代观点，煤结构的研究方法，煤的主要结构特征。煤大分子结构模型，煤分子间构造模型，煤结构的综合模型，煤的孔隙结构等几个方面综述了煤结构的研究及发展概况。最后通过对煤结构模型的研究和总结提出了煤为固溶体的观点。     

煤物理结构特性的研究进展

本文主要从煤物理结构的两相和单相模型以及非共价键作用力等方面论述了近年来煤物理结构研究的新进展,旨在进一步推动煤结构的研究,提高对它的认识。     

煤结构模型研究及展望

从煤大分子结构模型、分子间结构模型和复合结构模型3个方面对煤的十几种典型结构模型进行了归类,对各模型的研究背景和研究方法进行了介绍和简要评述,并引入了我国学者新近发表的若干煤结构模型概念,指出其中的煤嵌布结构模型是目前煤化学界所提出的最为系统和全面的关于煤复合结构的概念描述,其研究过程反映了该嵌布结构模型是煤组成结构本质的一种自然体现,对煤溶解过程中的各种现象及煤的黏结性等可以作出合理的解释。     

煤有机结构特性的研究进展

本文主要从煤有机结构模型设计,有机结构中芳香簇环数尺寸及氧氮硫分布等几方面论述了近年来煤有机结构研究的新进展,旨在进一步推动煤结构的研究,提高对它的认识。     

煤和煤焦孔结构特性及其模拟

本文在讨论煤、煤焦孔结构特性及预处理条件等因素对其反应性影响的基础上,介绍了关于对煤、煤焦孔结构的几种描述,重点分析了随机孔模型(Random PoreModel).该模型的主要特点有:①能描述具有最大反应速率的气化反应;②适用于各种具有复杂孔结构的煤、煤焦系统;③数学模型通用简明,结构参数易于求取。     

煤化学结构模型研究进展及应用

为了解煤结构与反应性之间的关系,论述了褐煤、次烟煤、烟煤、无烟煤的典型化学结构模型,分析了煤的化学结构模型在煤热解、煤气化、煤液化、煤自燃及煤的溶剂溶胀性中的应用。煤的化学结构模型有助于在分子水平上研究煤反应过程中的反应路径和反应机理。煤结构模拟的方法能够有效捕获煤热解过程中化学键的生成和断裂行为,解释煤气化反应机理,有效检测或捕获煤液化时生成的不稳定自由基,从微观方面分析影响煤自燃的因素,达到预防煤炭自燃的目的。     

优化配煤结构降低配煤成本

介绍了优化配煤结构和保证焦炭质量的条件和主要方法,通过稳定煤矿资源供应、引进高性价比进口煤、严格监测焦炭质量、科学制定配煤比例等措施优化配煤结构后改善了焦炭质量,降低配煤成本9 715.4万元。     

煤的孔隙结构与反应性关系的研究进展

煤在气化、燃烧与活性炭制备等热化学转化过程中，均存在着孔隙结构与表面积的变化．煤的孔隙结构变化特征的研究是煤炭高效合理利用的基础．从煤的孔隙结构的表征、反应过程中孔隙结构变化以及孔隙结构模型三方面总结了煤的孔隙结构与反应性关系领域的研究现状，并对今后的研究重点进行了展望，即加强孔隙结构与反应性关系通用规律和催化剂对孔隙结构影响两方面的研究．     

煤液化基础研究进展

综述了煤结构、煤相关模型化合物反应及煤与生物质共液化的研究进展 .着重讨论了煤结构的研究方法、煤的物理结构及煤分子结构的发展情况 ,供氢溶剂、金属及其硫化物在煤液化中的作用 ,模型化合物的分子结构和反应性的关系及模型化合物反应的动力学 ,煤与废塑料和木屑共液化等 .指出基于煤分子结构和煤液化理论研究的突破 ,可望开发出可行的煤液化工艺 ,实现煤的高附加值转化 .     

露天煤矿煤质对煤场库存的影响

煤场库存关系到区域煤炭的供应关系是否能够平衡发展,保证其数据资源的精准性,是煤矿库存管理和控制的依据。针对煤场库存影响的因素进行探析,尤其是露天煤矿煤质因素对其产生的影响。从露天煤矿煤质因素对于煤场库存的影响出发,在此基础上依次从发热量、水分和灰尘3个角度探析了煤质因素对于煤场库存的作用。     

Some physical properties of Canadian coals and their effects on coal reactivity

The pore volume, surface area and compressibility of eleven Canadian coals, varying in rank from lignite to semianthracite, have been determined by mercury porosimetry, gas adsorption method and relations derived from helium and mercury densities. The total pore volume was measured in the diameter range of 0.2 nm–2.98 μm, which was subdivided into two groups, namely the micropore region (< 0.0036 μm) and the combined meso- and macropore region (0.0036–2.98 μm). It has been determined that the porosity of the eleven coals studied varies from 2 to 39%. It has been found that the total pore volume, micropore volume, surface area and the apparent compressibility of these coals decrease with increase in the carbon content, or the rank of the coals. The effect of the total pore volume, micropore volume and surface area on chemical reactivity of the coal is discussed separately. A good correlation was obtained between the carbon content and helium density of the coal after correction is made for the mineral content.     

开滦煤化工产业发展思路探讨

结合开滦集团煤化工产业发展现状,分析了开滦可用于煤炭气化的资源情况,通过建设方案比选探讨,提出以现有煤-焦-化产业为支撑,以小气化带动大气化,建设大型煤气化制烯烃项目,促进新型煤化工产业链尽快形成,实现开滦煤化工产业的持续快速发展。     

煤化工技术研究概况

煤炭作为我国能源主体的格局将在很长一段时间内不会改变。随着我国出现越来越严重能源安全问题,煤化工已成为社会关注的热点,并因此得到快速发展。文章综述了煤化工技术研究进展,展望了现代煤化工新技术发展方向。     

常压下煤的碱处理脱灰

在融碱法和高压液减法脱灰的基础上,研究了煤的常压液碱法脱灰。考察了碱煤比、反应温度、时间、粒度组成等对两种煤脱灰的影响,并对脱灰机理作了初步分析。     

Influence of cultural conditions on coal solubilization by Penicillium simplicissimum

Sub-bituminous coal, preoxidized with nitric acid and treated with sodium hydroxide solutions to obtain a water-soluble extract, was used for the study of coal degradation by Penicillium simplicissimum. The influence of different carbon and nitrogen sources was examined in connection with growth and production of acid-precipitable coal polymers. The yield was increased after the addition of maltose, lactose and cellobiose while glucose, fructose and xylose had little effect. An organic nitrogen source, yeast extract, was an improved source of nitrogen compared with ammonium chloride. The coal-degrading system appeared before the depletion of the carbon or nitrogen source. In addition, the effects of initial pH of the culture medium demonstrated an increase in the yield of coal polymers up to a pH of 7.5. Above this pH, non-biological catalysis increased gradually. However Ca²⁺ and Mn²⁺ increased the yield of coal polymers over a 14-day period, but yield was unaffected by Cu²⁺, Al³⁺ and Fe²⁺.     

Single droplet combustion of coal-oil/methanol/water mixtures

Single droplet combustion of coal-oil/methanol/water mixtures was investigated. A microexplosion occured during the gas-phase combustion period of emulsified fuels and caused secondary atomization of fuel droplets. The microexplosion during the combustion of a coal-oil/methanol/water mixture was the most violent of all the sample fuels and its apparent overall burning rate coefficient was maintained at the highest value over the range of ambient air temperatures used, 850–1000 °C. It was concluded that an appropriate addition of water and/or methanol could improve the combustion characteristics of coal/oil mixtures. The apparent overall burning rate coefficient of a methanol/coal/oil mixture was 2–3 times higher than that of a coal/oil mixture. However, that of a water/coal/oil mixture was 2–10 times higher than that of a coal/oil mixture.     

煤粉预热对高炉喷吹中煤粉燃烧行为的影响

通过建立数学模型,在Fluent软件的基础上结合自编程序,对不同预热温度下高炉喷吹煤粉的燃烧进行了模拟,得到了预热温度对煤粉燃烧的影响规律. 模型中包含了煤粉与O2, CO2及水蒸汽的异相反应,且考虑了焦炭的燃烧反应. 确定了回旋区的大小与形状,将煤粉燃烧空间划分为4个区域,对不同区域分别提出不同假设进行处理. 计算结果表明,煤粉预热后进行喷吹可促进煤粉在风口前提前气化,使煤粉的燃烧区域前移,提高了煤粉在回旋区的燃尽率;预热温度每提高50℃,煤粉在回旋区的燃尽率平均提高2%.     

临涣选煤厂配煤系统探讨

淮北临涣选煤厂入洗的原煤来自周边的矿井,入洗的煤质稳定性差,配煤入洗能很好的解决这一问题。其配煤车间较早之前采用人工配煤,主观误差很大,系统响应慢。PLC技术和变频器的使用,实现了配煤的自动化,提高了工作效率。对临涣选煤厂西区原煤仓上的配煤系统进行了介绍,并在此基础上提出改进设计意见。     

Short contact-time liquefaction of subbituminous coal: Directions for improving coal conversion

This study was undertaken to find ways to solubilize subbituminous coal in high yield at short contact times. Short contact-time hydroliquefaction runs were carried out in a continuous unit using Belle Ayr subbituminous coal with a solvent rich in hydrogen-donor molecules derived from the Lummus ITSL process, and also with solvents lower in donor concentration derived from the SRC processes. Catalysis by pyrite, molybdenum and supported cobalt-molybdenum was also studied. It was found that pyrite and other hydrogenation catalysts enhanced solubilization and also increased production of distillate oil. Solvent quality seemed to have no effect on the solubilization of Belle Ayr coal. The availability of H₂S also appeared to have no effect. Provided that pyrite was present, reaction could be carried out at severities high enough to give insoluble organic matter yields equivalent to those obtained with bituminous coals (5–10 wt% daf coal). At equivalent levels of solubilization, however, hydrocarbon gas and distillate yields were invariably higher for the subbituminous coal. Implications for two-stage processing of Belle Ayr coal are discussed.