钢-混凝土连续组合梁腹板局部屈曲分析

对连续组合梁负弯矩区钢腹板的稳定性进行了研究,分析了负弯矩区钢粱腹板在弯曲、轴向压力和剪切作用下的力学性能,提出了组合梁腹板在各种荷载作用下的局部稳定性简化计算模型,建立了非均匀受压、纯剪和弯剪复合受力状态下的临界屈曲应力计算公式;分别计算了钢梁腹板在非均匀受压和纯剪状态下的弹性屈曲系数,并根据偏心受压与剪切作用下的相关方程计算了钢梁腹板在复杂应力状态下的弹性屈曲系数;基于屈曲分析结果,提出了组合梁在弹性受力阶段钢梁腹板不设横向加劲肋的高厚比限值.结果表明:采用该方法确定的钢梁腹板高厚比更具合理性,且计算过程简单,结果偏于安全.     

梯形波纹腹板钢梁弹性局部剪切屈曲计算分析

与平腹板钢梁相比,梯形波纹腹板钢梁腹板局部剪切屈曲性能有所提高。弹性局部剪切屈曲是梯形波纹腹板钢梁设计计算基础,本文运用ANSYS有限元计算分析梯形波纹腹板钢梁弹性局部剪切屈曲,并与经典公式进行计算对比,发现经典公式计算值与ANSYS有限元计算结果存在较大偏差。由于存在"手风琴效应",腹板承担的弯矩相对较小,以致在腹板局部剪切屈曲计算中通常被忽视,这种方法是否适用于所有梯形波纹腹板钢梁及其所造成的计算偏差值得研究。本文从荷载条件、波折角大小、腹板尺寸以及翼缘尺寸等方面对影响梯形波纹腹板弹性局部剪切屈曲的因素进行计算分析。分析表明,上述影响因素与腹板弯矩相关,而腹板弯矩的存在将影响腹板弹性局部剪切屈曲。     

工字型钢-混凝土连续组合梁腹板局部稳定性分析

对工字型钢-混凝土连续组合梁负弯矩区腹板在复合应力作用下的力学性能进行了研究,提出了工字型组合梁腹板在复合应力作用下的局部稳定性计算模型,建立了相应的临界屈曲应力计算公式;基于组合梁腹板的稳定性特点和偏心受压与剪切作用下的相关方程,计算了工字型组合梁腹板在复合应力状态下的弹性屈曲因数,采用势能驻值原理分析得出了连续组合梁负弯矩区腹板稳定的临界应力,提出了弹性受力阶段腹板不设横向加劲肋的高厚比限值。计算结果表明：该计算方法有广泛的适用性,且大部分情况下可以放宽对高厚比的限制,为工字型组合梁负弯矩区腹板的合理优化设计提供了参考。     

局部锈蚀影响下钢箱梁腹板剪切屈曲分析

为分析局部锈蚀钢箱梁腹板在纯剪荷载作用下的屈曲特性,对不同翼缘宽度、厚度、腹板宽高比和锈蚀体积损失(DOPV)影响下的腹板剪切屈曲强度进行了有限元计算,并基于工字钢梁腹板屈曲强度计算式,得到了钢箱梁腹板剪切屈曲系数计算式;提出了能衡量钢箱梁锈蚀腹板剩余强度的系数η,拟合了局部锈蚀钢箱梁腹板剪切屈曲强度的计算式。     

LOCAL BUCKLING OF I-SECTIONS IN COMPRESSION AND BENDING

对压力和弯矩作用下工字形截面考虑板件间相互作用时的局部稳定性进行研究。在轴压下,得到精确的腹板弹性屈曲系数解析解;在压弯和弯曲作用下采用有限元方法求解;在轴压和弯曲单独作用情况下,拟合了精度很好的腹板屈曲系数计算公式;在压力和弯矩共同作用下则提出了压力和弯矩相关作用公式,拟合了相关作用公式中的指数。     

工字形截面压弯的局部稳定性

对压力和弯矩作用下工字形截面考虑板件间相互作用时的局部稳定性进行研究。在轴压下,得到精确的腹板弹性屈曲系数解析解;在压弯和弯曲作用下采用有限元方法求解;在轴压和弯曲单独作用情况下,拟合了精度很好的腹板屈曲系数计算公式;在压力和弯矩共同作用下则提出了压力和弯矩相关作用公式,拟合了相关作用公式中的指数。     

边界条件对局部腐蚀腹板剪切破坏性能的影响

根据腐蚀的腹板和腹板边界条件,对局部腐蚀腹板的剪切屈曲性能和剪切破坏模式进行了非线性有限元分析。定量地评估腐蚀腹板的剪切屈曲性能时,考虑了腹板的纵向腐蚀和三角形腐蚀。对于纵向腐蚀的腹板,取决于其腐蚀条件以及边界条件,其剪切屈曲强度仅减少约9%~16%。腹板的斜拉应力扩展、逐渐变得扭曲,出现明显的剪切-屈曲形状。特别地,在腹板-翼缘分开的边界条件下,出现平面外位移,变形表现出不同的剪切屈曲模态,例如,上部出现斜拉应力、下部出现较大的三角形横向位移。另一方面,三角形腐蚀对腐蚀腹板的剪切屈曲抗力影响甚微,因为这种腐蚀模型不影响腹板的斜拉应力。     

梯形波纹钢腹板弹性剪切屈曲强度的数值模拟研究

波纹钢腹板弹性剪切屈曲强度的计算方法是腹板设计的关键问题。目前波纹钢腹板弹性剪切屈曲强度理论公式已基本成形,但公式中唯一参数n的取值存在一定争议。本文建立有限元分析模型,模拟分析出波纹钢腹板弹性剪切屈曲强度。将不同n值下的弹性剪切屈曲强度公式计算结果与数值结果进行对比,得到最优参数n值,结果表明:最优n值下的波纹钢腹板弹性剪切屈曲强度理论公式综合考虑了三种剪切屈曲模式,公式精度较高,可供工程设计参考。     

轮压荷载作用下钢轨-吊车梁腹板系统的若干问题研究

利用ANSYS对吊车梁-钢轨系统在轮压作用下的三个问题进行研究并给出相应结论:1)对钢轨间断的情况下腹板边缘的局部承压应力进行分析,提出相当于轨道连续时承压应力的放大系数;2)研究钢轨对腹板弹性屈曲的作用,结果发现,钢轨的作用仅限于扩散应力;在腹板上沿应力分布给定的情况下,上边缘钢轨的抗弯刚度对腹板的稳定性没有影响;3)对消除弯矩影响的腹板在承压应力作用下的屈曲进行分析,提出屈曲系数近似公式。     

焊接楔形波纹腹板工字钢梁整体稳定性能研究

建立焊接楔形波纹腹板工字钢简支梁在不等端弯矩作用下的平衡微分方程,并采用有限积分法编写程序求解,提出楔形波纹腹板工字钢简支梁在不等端弯矩作用下临界弯矩的建议公式。将拟合公式计算结果与ANSYS特征屈曲分析进行比较,表明ANSYS特征屈曲分析与弹性理论吻合较好。利用ANSYS特征屈曲分析,拟合得到楔形波纹腹板工字钢简支梁和悬臂梁在6种典型荷载工况(集中荷载和均布荷载分别作用于上翼缘、剪心、下翼缘)下弹性临界弯矩的实用设计公式。在此基础上,通过ANSYS弹塑性稳定分析提出并验证楔形波纹腹板H型钢梁弹塑性稳定极限承载能力计算公式。最后进行5根楔形波纹腹板工字钢悬臂梁在自由端上翼缘单点加载的整体稳定试验,并将试验结果与ANSYS弹塑性分析结果及实用设计公式的计算结果进行对比,验证ANSYS有限元分析的合理性以及实用设计公式的可靠性。     

弯剪共同作用下不锈钢薄腹梁承载性能试验研究

为研究不锈钢薄腹梁在弯矩和剪力共同作用下的承载性能,进行了6根焊接工字形截面不锈钢梁的试验研究。结果表明,所有梁试件的破坏形态为结合了腹板剪切屈曲和受压区板件局部鼓曲的弯剪联合屈曲。建立精细有限元数值模型对试验过程进行模拟,同时考虑了不锈钢材料、几何双非线性,局部几何初始缺陷和焊接残余应力的影响。基于得出的试验和有限元分析结果,对我国《钢结构设计标准》(GB 50017—2017)中考虑腹板屈曲后强度的梁弯剪相关计算方法进行评估。分析表明：当梁的极限承载力受剪切控制时,腹板正则化宽厚比较大时的规范计算承载力偏于保守,而正则化宽厚比较小时的计算承载力与试验和有限元分析结果较为接近;当梁的极限承载力由弯剪共同作用控制时,规范中公式的承载力计算值偏于安全。总体而言,GB 50017—2017的计算方法可以直接应用于计算不锈钢焊接截面梁在弯剪共同作用下的极限承载力。     

负弯矩作用下钢-混凝土组合梁受力性能试验研究

通过8根跨度为3.0m和4.2m的钢-混凝土组合梁在负弯矩作用下的受力性能试验,研究了端部弯矩、跨度、H形钢的腹板高厚比、抗剪连接栓钉数量、设置横向加劲肋等因素对组合梁失稳破坏模式、受弯承载力及转动能力的影响。试验结果表明：对两端部作用数值相等的负弯矩工况,组合梁发生畸变失稳,其受弯承载力小于组合梁全截面塑性弯矩,转动能力偏小,而对其他接近实际结构的负弯矩工况,组合梁发生局部失稳或局部与畸变耦合失稳,其受弯承载力大于组合梁全截面塑性弯矩,转动能力较大;随着腹板高厚比减小或者在腹板上设置横向加劲肋,组合梁的受弯承载力和转动能力都有明显提高。     

不设加劲肋的钢梁腹板高厚比限值研究

分析处于统剪状态的钢梁腹板临界应力,综合考虑弯曲应力和局部压应力及翼缘时腹板的约束作用,得出不需设呈置加劲肋时腹板的高厚比限值计算公式,并给出便于设计应用的硬板高厚比限值简化计算公式．     

Cold-formed steel webs with openings: Summary report

Based on a 3-year study that focused on the behavior of cold-formed steel beams with web openings, researchers at the University of Missouri Rolla have developed simple, easy, to apply design recommendations. The design recommendations address the limit states of web buckling resulting from bending, shear, web crippling, combined bending and shear, and combined bending and web crippling. The recommendations were developed based on the results of experimental and analytical studies of C-section beams. The C-sections, which are commonly used for wall studs and floor joists, are manufactured with web openings. Common web opening sizes are 38 × 102 mm and 19 × 51 mm. All web openings are located at mid-depth of the web and spaced 61 cm on center along the length of the C-section.     

剖分T型钢压杆的屈曲性能和应用

剖分T型钢由热轧H型钢一分为二得来,属单轴对称截面。在承受轴线压力时,它的屈曲性能有两个特点。其一是绕对称轴屈曲时必然伴随有扭转,从而降低其承载力。另一方面,当压力移至截面剪心时,屈曲不再出现扭转,承载力达到弯曲屈曲荷载。杆件承载力的这种提高,只有在绕另一主轴屈曲有多余承载力,足以承担压力移至剪心产生的偏心力矩时才能加以利用。本文分析表明,截面高宽比不小于1．25的剖分T型钢满足或部分满足这一条件。有时,荷载作用在形心与剪心距离的一半处较为有利。第二个特点表现在压杆腹板局部屈曲承载力和宽厚比限值。本文揭示出腹板的临界应力总是高于杆件弯扭屈曲的临界应力,因此,只要杆件通过弯扭屈曲验算,就不必顾虑腹板屈曲。然而,在工程实践中有些杆件扭转受到约束,从而不去验算其弯扭屈曲。此时,腹板有可能作为一纵边嵌同、另一纵边自由的板件屈曲。建议的腹板宽厚比限值就是为保证在这种情况下的稳定性而给出的。     

Flange/web distortional buckling of cold-formed steel sections in bending

Recent experimental tests of cold-formed steel C- and Z-sections in bending have revealed unconservative results in the prediction of the bending moment resistance, using the current North American Design Standards. The failure mode of these tests was identified as flange/web distortional buckling. This mode of failure initially involves a rotation of the lip/flange component about the flange/web corner, which typically occurs for short half-wavelength distortional buckling. Near ultimate failure, an apparent lateral movement of the flange/web corner, which includes transverse bending of the web, is experienced. Various analytical methods that predict the moment resistance of sections which experience short half-wavelength distortional buckling were investigated and compared with the applicable test data. The modified Lau and Hancock 2 Model, with S136-94 Standard calculated effective section modulus, is recommended for use as the North American predictor model for the flange/web distortional buckling moment resistance of cold-formed steel sections in bending.     

Shear buckling strength and design of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges

This paper presents the shear buckling strength and design of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges considering material inelasticity. The inelastic buckling strength is determined from buckling curves based on the proposed shear buckling parameter, which is a function of the elastic shear buckling strength of steel web and the material shear yielding strength. A finite element analysis is carried out to study the geometric parameters affecting the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated steel webs for bridges. Based on the numerical results, a shear buckling parameter formula is proposed with no need to calculate either local, global, or interactive buckling parameters. But it depends on the geometric properties of the curved corrugated web profile. Another formula is presented to maximize the shear buckling capacity of curved corrugated web. The proposed formulae agreed well with the published experimental data. The curved corrugated webs produce a tremendous increase in the shear buckling strength and considerable weight saving in regard to the corresponding trapezoidal corrugated webs. The corrugation angle has a considerable effect on the behavior of curved corrugated webs, where higher corrugation angles produce a tremendous increase in the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated webs. It was found that the proposed approach provides a good prediction for the shear buckling strength of curved corrugated steel webs of bridges.     

Elastic shear buckling characteristics of LiteSteel beams

LiteSteel beam (LSB) is a new cold-formed steel hollow flange channel beam. The unique LSB section is produced by a patented manufacturing process involving simultaneous cold-forming and dual electric resistance welding. To date, limited research has been undertaken on the shear buckling behaviour of LSBs with torsionally rigid, rectangular hollow flanges. For the shear design of LSB web panels, their elastic shear buckling strength must be determined accurately including the potential post-buckling strength. Currently the elastic shear buckling coefficients of web panels are determined by assuming conservatively that the web panels are simply supported at the junction between the flange and web elements. Therefore finite element analyses were carried out to investigate the elastic shear buckling behaviour of LSB sections including the effect of true support conditions at the junction between their flange and web elements. An improved equation for the higher elastic shear buckling coefficient of LSBs was developed and included in the shear capacity equations of Australian cold-formed steel codes. Predicted ultimate shear capacity results were compared with available experimental results, both of which showed considerable improvement to the shear capacities of LSBs. A study on the shear flow distribution of LSBs was also undertaken prior to the elastic buckling analysis study. This paper presents the details of this investigation and the results including the shear flow distribution of LSBs.     

Local buckling and slenderness limits for steel webs under combined bending, compression and shear at elevated temperatures

At elevated temperatures induced by fire loading, the I-section beam and column elements in a steel framed building experience combinations of axial, bending and shearing actions that may precipitate local buckling of the steel element. Under this loading regime, the Young's modulus, shear modulus and uniaxial yield strength may vary through the section depth because of the temperature gradient, and as a result predicting the local buckling capacity and the critical geometrical slenderness for coincident elastic local buckling and yielding are not straightforward. This paper presents an analysis of the elastic local buckling of the web of an I-section beam, by modifying a spline finite strip method of local buckling analysis to include the variation of material properties through the web. Necessarily, the method must also include the variation of mechanical strains through the web depth, in order that the limiting depth to thickness ratio that delineates yielding and elastic buckling (and hence the cross-section classification) can be prescribed. Under the combined loading, it is shown how the elastic local buckling coefficient and the web slenderness limit that classifies a non-compact section are dependent on the thermal gradient, the depth of the compression zone in the representation of the mechanical strain, and on the values of the shear strain. Graphical results are presented for the elastic local buckling coefficients as a function of the temperature and of the temperature gradient in a web with idealised edge restraint conditions. Since the local buckling response is crucial in establishing the formation hinges in flexural elements in the initial stages of thermal loading prior to the subsequent development of catenary action, the results are valuable for undertaking a rational fire engineering design of the steel elements exposed to a compartment fire, and they lend themselves to a codified approach for the structural behaviour.