福州市高架桥空间绿化景观调查分析

采取样地调查和路线调查相结合的方法,对福州市16处高架桥空间绿化景观典型路段进行调查分析。结果表明:常用于高架桥空间绿化的植物隶属于32科51属56种,其中常绿灌木22种,多年生草本植物16种,数量居多;植物生长良好,整体绿视率较高,桥面及立柱绿化较全面,附属空间绿化效果较好,植物配置形式多样。并对高架桥空间绿化提出充分考虑立地条件,合理选择绿化树种,注重景观的多样性,采用先进的维护方法与技术,满足交通安全需求等建议。     

河津市九龙公园绿化植物规划配置探讨

通过对山西省河津市九龙公园绿化植物规划配置的分析研究,将九龙公园绿化规划为园林绿化景观分区、生态林景观分区和经济果林景观分区。不同分区采用不同的绿化树种和植物配置方式,营造出优美的景观环境。针对公园绿地植物的规化配置提出了一些建议,旨在探索新时期下城市公园绿化植物规划配置的思路和方法。     

辽宁省美丽乡村生态景观植物地域分区研究

对辽宁美丽乡村绿化景观进行了分析,发现一些地区绿化维护费用过高,绿化植物成活率、保存率不高,主要原因是没有利用好绿化植物的生物学特性。探讨了主导因素气候中的气温和水分以及两者相互配合状况,对辽西低山丘陵区、辽中平原区、辽南丘陵区和辽东山地区四个地域性分区进行了地域分区研究。提出了选择合适的绿化树种进行植物配置,降低绿化维护费用,以提高乡村绿化景观中绿化植物的成活率、保存率。     

北京城市扩展轴上的绿地景观格局梯度分析

应用梯度分析与景观指数相结合的方法,分析了2004年北京城市绿地系统沿东西和南北两条城市扩展轴分布的空间格局。结果表明:城市绿地整体上破碎化程度高,连通性好,边缘效应较强;从城市中心到边缘,绿化覆盖率不随距城市中心远近而变化,小型斑块数量比例、斑块数量、形状指数、破碎度、平均最近邻体距离等指标则表现出明显的梯度变化;影响绿化覆盖率和斑块面积频率分布的主要因素是公园性质大型斑块的分布状况。研究结果说明:在目前城市绿化覆盖率较难提高的情况下,通过应用梯度分析与景观指数相结合的方法对现有绿地空间结构进行分析调整,不仅能优化城市绿地的景观格局,还能更好地发挥出城市绿地缓解环境问题的功能。     

南京大厂绿化隔离带规划探索

依据南京大厂环境监测结果即各种污染物在平面、立面的空间分布特征进行绿化隔离带的布局与结构规划探索,包括绿化隔离带的功能分区、主次林网结构设置、交错林带及林间网眼的要素控制、植物选择等建议。     

城市滨海绿地景观植物种类配置影响因素分析

以海滨景观为依托的旅游城市在城市滨海区绿地建设中普遍存在绿化植物单一、植物的选择与配置不协调以及绿化系统生态脆弱的问题。在城市滨海区绿地景观植物种类选择和配置时必须考虑自然环境、生态原理、功能分区性质、空间形态等的影响因素。     

河南省立体绿化植物的选择

河南省境内人口稠密、城镇众多，其立体绿化得天独厚、大有可为。河南省立体绿化植物的选择，应遵循生态优先、因地制宜、合理搭配、注重意境几项原则，并且依据棚架绿化、墙面绿化、屋顶绿化、挑台绿化、桥体绿化、护坡绿化这些立体绿化的栽植条件和具体要求，来选择相应的植物种类。     

园林植物的种植与设计

园林植物足公同造景的手体,是同林中有牛命的丰要材料,园林植物的合卿配置既能充分展示其本身的观赏特性,更能创造优美的环境艺术效果。科学、合理的植物种植设计在很大程度上决定了公同景观的观赏效果和公周符种功能的发挥,充分认识、科学选择、艺术配置绿化植物,对提高公园绿化水平,改善城市环境质量,保持生态平衡,创造公同优美的景观有最要的意义。     

辽宁美丽乡村绿化景观地域分区探析

通过对辽宁美丽乡村绿化景观的分析,绿化维护费用过高,绿化植物成活率、保存率不高,主要原因是没有利用好绿化植物的生物生态学特性。通过对主导因素气候中的气温和水分以及两者相互配合状况的分析,将辽宁省分为辽西低山丘陵区、辽中平原区、辽南丘陵区和辽东山地区4个地域性分区。按乡村地域性分区,在其特有气候条件下,选择合适的绿化植物进行配置,降低绿化维护费用,提高乡村绿化景观中绿化植物的成活率、保存率。     

许昌市城区立体绿化现状调查及发展建议

立体绿化是拓展城市绿化空间的有效途径。通过对许昌市建筑物外墙植绿、廊架绿化、护坡绿化、屋顶绿化等不同立体绿化形式的调查,发现许昌市建成区立体绿化存在植物种类少、实施立体绿化区域少、管理水平参齐不齐等问题。针对问题,从加强立体绿化植物研究,对立体绿化进行合理规划与引导,强化管理、提升景观效果、加强宣传、提升公众认知度、先易后难及逐步推广等方面提出了发展建议。     

沿江高架桥的方案比较

通过对沿江高架桥全幅方案和分幅方案两种方案的比较,重点分析了方案比较的原则与因素。     

齐市永安立交桥工程中挖孔灌注桩的应用

本文着重叙述了人工挖孔桩的工艺,在齐市永安立交桥工程中的应用。阐明了挖孔桩的优越性。     

浅谈城市环路建设

本文作者详细介绍了哈尔滨市二环路的规划、设计与施工。并且对城市环路建设的作用 ,分期实施的必要性 ,高架路在环路中的地位进行了探讨     

城市高架轨道交通景观研究综述

文章概述我国轨道交通的发展建设进程,总结国外在轨道交通景观方面的研究进展,展望国内轨道交通景观今后的研究方向。目前我国的轨道交通景观研究多为理论研究,主要包括景观规划、空间尺度、景观协调、景观评价等方面,而对高架轨道交通景观的实践研究较少。今后应在进行理论研究的同时加强实践研究。       

哈尔滨市二环快速干道前进路--友谊路段立交桥设计

介绍了哈尔滨市二环快速干道前进路-友谊路段立交桥设计,论述了后张法无粘结预应力技术在桥梁工程的应用以及本工程在处理使用功能与拆迁等方面矛盾的解决方法.     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Decomposition and nutrient loss from prunings of different contour hedgerow species in tea plantations in the sloping highlands of Sri Lanka

Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week⁻¹ for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week⁻¹ for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.