Multicanonical simulations step by step

The purpose of this article is to provide a starter kit for multicanonical simulations in statistical physics. Fortran code for the q-state Potts model in d=2,3,… dimensions can be downloaded from the Web and this paper describes simulation results, which are in all details reproducible by running prepared programs. To allow for comparison with exact results, the internal energy, the specific heat, the free energy and the entropy are calculated for the d=2 Ising (q=2) and the q=10 Potts model. Analysis programs, relying on an all-log jackknife technique, which is suitable for handling sums of very large numbers, are introduced to calculate our final estimators.     

Building an enterprise architecture step by step

For most organizations, getting started may be the hardest part of building an enterprise information technology architecture. One reason is that people have only a hazy idea of how to use a systematic architecting process to achieve specific goals. The entire idea of enterprise architecting seems grand and out of reach, so they feel more comfortable chipping away at it with patches. Unfortunately, these patches evolve to something only slightly more sophisticated. Some efforts never get that far. The architects get caught in a never-ending series of analyses and end up with nothing but a long to-do list just as the money runs out and the CEO expects to start seeing a return on investment. The article shows how to scope the project, set up the development team, and form a target architecture vision     

软件应用步步高

作为软件爱好者,你对日常所使用的软件功能都详尽了解吗?曾几何时,我到处寻找能“查找压缩包中文件”、“进行文字录入速度测试”等的软件,直到有一天,我才发现:“众里寻她千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处”。以下是本人近期使用的几个常用软件的心得体会,愿对您有所启迪。     

事业步骤

无论你是想进军这个产业或是想升到经理一级．新的一年对你来说是重新评估工作前景的好时机。而在这里，我们所说的六步指导一定能够让你一路领先．登上3D事业的阶梯。[编者按]     

浅谈高校教学机房的分步管理与维护

高校教学机房作为高校开展教学活动的一部分,可以确保教学活动的正常进行。对机房实施科学有效的管理,可有效延长机房设备的使用寿命,提高其利用率,发挥计算机作为教学工具的实际价值。不过,高校机房在维护与管理方面存在很多问题。本文通过分析这些问题,为机房管理与维护提出相关建议,以期为相关工作人员提供参考。     

Getting to grips with database design: A step by step approach

This article outlines an approach to teaching database design principles via a simple case study. Databases can be powerful management tools providing they are correctly designed, however, this is commonly viewed as a difficult technical task. This article provides a simple step by step approach to the problem which has been adopted with second year undergraduate students who have come from both arts and science backgrounds. It describes the implementation of the approach and briefly considers the results.     

冲突证据分步合成的合理性及改进合成算法

针对证据分步合成问题,给出了多证据分步合成结果的一般表达式,对分步合成方法理论上的合理性以及合成结果的收敛性进行了研究。针对高度冲突证据的分步合成问题,提出一种将Dempster合成公式与加权平均法混合使用的分步合成算法;根据预设的冲突阈值,选用相应的合成公式。对比仿真结果表明该算法比国内外一些代表性改进方法合成计算过程更为简捷,合成结果的收敛效果更好。     

Copyright reform step zero

‘A reasonable person might well think it's a fool's errand to contemplate a [copyright] reform project of any sort.’ The US Copyright Act of 1976 and its subsequent amendments is contained in over 200 pages of incomprehensible, sometimes inconsistent, and highly technical provisions. Attempts to reform this law are doomed from the start. They are doomed not because they lack merit, but because of the way copyright law is made. This article argues that before any meaningful copyright reform is passed, the institutional framework that makes copyright law must be changed. It proposes delegating substantive rulemaking authority to the US Copyright Office as part of that change. The article explores the benefits and drawbacks to this approach and concludes that without the type of institutional reform envisioned by this proposal, copyright law will continue to become increasingly unable to keep up with technological and other challenges while also becoming increasingly resistant to reform efforts.     

Micromachining of highly reproducible step substrates for high Tc step junction dc-SQUIDs

A means to successfully fabricate highly reproducible SrTiO₃ step substrates for high T_C dc-Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (dc-SQUIDs) by micromachining is reported in this paper. At optimized Ar ion milling conditions, an inclined angle from 45 to 50° and a laid angle from 30 to 45°, the highest step angles can be obtained. Under strict process control, the profile of the Nb mask film is clean and sharp. The fabricated step angles are about 71° with steep and flawless topography. The step substrate yield for YBa₂Cu₃O_7–x Josephson step edge junction dc-SQUIDs is 75%. The variation of junction resistance and critical current is ±28.6% and ±42.4% respectively.     

Auto-adaptive step straight-line algorithm

One of the main functions of graphic displays is drawing straight lines. To draw lines quickly, the speed of the applied algorithm is critical. The following three different approaches exist: discrete differential analysis (DDA), introduced by Bresenham (1965), combinatory analysis, and linguistic methods. The most famous approach remains the DDA, since extended by N-step algorithms. We focus on this class of algorithms. Since three N-step algorithms have been published, we analyzed them, studying only their time complexity because they compute the same approximation of the continuous line. Our analysis shows that improvements are small and don't support our objectives for speed. We propose a new algorithm that uses other properties, some of them already presented. We also compare the performances of these algorithms and present the theoretical analysis and benchmarks that prove the new algorithm is at least twice as fast as earlier ones     

三星战略布局，OA步步为营

近年来,OA市场不断成熟,竞争日益加剧,整个行业演绎着一轮又一轮的变革.打印机技术不断更迭,厂商们的"厮杀"近乎惨烈.在商道中,战略的成功与否决定着企业的成败,在高手如云的OA市场,谁能决胜未来?谁能在整个打印机历史中写下光辉的一笔?     

A step towards complementary programming

There are various theoretical and practical approaches to single out fundamental concepts and issues of programming in the research of Program Development Methodology and Automatic Programming. We can observe that the current program development methods have been directed towards semantics-based programming to seek basic disciplines of programming processes and semantic frameworks. However none of them gives a general and reasonable framework, since any current programming methodology does not employ a general semantic discipline for program derivation, manipulation and understanding. In this article we discuss a framework of complementary programming as a modest proposal for reliable/semantics-based programming.     

一种自适应步长布谷鸟搜索算法

针对布谷鸟搜索算法（CS）后期收敛速度慢、计算精度不高等不足,提出了一种自适应步长调整布谷鸟搜索算法,加快布谷鸟搜索算法的搜索速度,提高其计算精度。通过8个标准测试函数测试的结果表明,改进后的自适应步长布谷鸟搜索算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的寻优精度。     

Adaptive step size random search

Fixed step size random search for minimization of functions of several parameters is described and compared with the fixed step size gradient method for a particular surface. A theoretical technique, using the optimum step size at each step, is analyzed. A practical adaptive step size random search algorithm is then proposed, and experimental experience is reported that shows the superiority of random search over other methods for sufficiently high dimension.     

步进电动机的最佳细分控制

提出按照线性加工弦规律波形对步进电动机绕组电流进行细分，以解决在实际应用中存在的低频振荡、高频出力不足、频率特性差等问题。设计制作了同频脉宽调制细分驱动电路。试验结果表明该方法是正确和可行的。