GNSS的BOC调制及其仿真

在阐述了各种BOC（binary offset carrier）调制技术（BOC调制是随着导航技术发展的需要提出的一种新的调制方式,可以实现频段共用、频谱分离并有很好的相关和抗干扰特性）的基本原理的基础上,介绍了一种在Matlab环境下建立BOC调制仿真模型的方法,给出了各种BOC调制的仿真频谱图并进行分析。仿真结果对于GNSS信号体制设计和工程实现有重要的指导意义。     

恒包络AltBOC信号调制方式分析

为便于理解恒包络AltBOC(constant envelope alternate binary offset carrier)信号调制方式,结合直观的信号相位图,从最基本的BOC信号入手,引出AltBOC信号最简单的双通道形式,进而到四通道,最终导出恒包络AltBOC信号表达式,并给出主要的数字特征。     

基于CAPS系统的信号调制方式的比较研究

概述了二元相移键控(BPSK)调制以及二进制偏移载波(Binary Offset Carrier,BOC)的调制原理,并基于由中国科学院主导研发的中国区域定位系统(Chinese Area Positioning System,CAPS)的实际情况,对其调制信号的测距精度、跟踪性能、多径误差的影响做了分析。分析结果对于中国区域定位系统信号体制设计、调制方式的选取具有一定的借鉴意义。     

高阶BOC信号的无模糊接收算法研究

随着导航技术的发展,对BOC信号的研究日趋深入。高阶BOC在频谱分离度、测距精度和抗多径性能方面具有明显的优势,但是因为高阶BOC信号自相关函数副峰密集,给信号接收带来了困难。常用的去模糊性算法有BPSK-like和Bump-Jump。分析了这两种方法的原理并在软件接收机上进行了实现。通过对BOC(15,2.5)实际信号的接收并进行数据分析,得出了两种接收算法下的测距精度,证明这两种方法都有良好的去模糊性能,而Bump-Jump算法能实现更高的测距精度。     

子载波相位与BOC信号功率谱密度的关系研究

首先介绍了导航信号功率谱密度求解的一种通用方法,基于该方法,经过建模和推导,得到任意相位子载波BOC(二进制偏移载波)信号的功率谱密度显式表达式。通过仿真及分析表明,不同的子载波相位对应的BOC信号功率谱密度存在差别,正是这些差别影响了导航系统的性能,同时也为导航系统的信号体制设计带来了灵活性。文中得到的一些结论,可以给未来的导航信号体制设计中BOC信号子载波相位的选择提供一些借鉴。     

BPSK-R信号与BOC信号码跟踪性能分析及比较

分析了射频前端带宽与BOC信号自相关函数的关系,研究了射频前端带宽和早迟码间距对S曲线的影响。在规范的TOA误差估计模型框架下,采用非相干延时码跟踪锁定环,推导出非相干延时锁定环理论计算的码跟踪误差与射频前端带宽、早迟码间距、载噪比、积分时间和码环路带宽之间的关系表达式,从而定量地分析了非相干延时锁定环的码跟踪误差。最后对BPSK-R信号和BOC(10,5)信号的码跟踪性能做了比较,比较表明,BOC(10,5)信号的码跟踪性能优于传统的BPSK-R信号,在相同的码跟踪精度条件下,BOC(10,5)比10.23 MHz BPSK-R信号所需要的载噪比约低7 dB,比1.023 MHz BPSK-R信号低15 dB左右。     

BPSK调制信号中的幅度调制现象分析

在许多场合 ,需要找出BPSK(BinaryPhaseShiftKey ,即二进制相移键控 )调制信号的调制时刻。但实际上并不能直接发现BPSK调制信号的调制时刻 ,只能看到有明显的幅度调制现象。对这种现象产生的原因和用途作了分析 ,并通过仿真实验对这种现象进行了验证。     

基于精密光程差调制的时域干涉信号闭合相位检测方法研究

闭合相位法是实现长基线恒星光干涉高分辨成像的重要技术手段之一,获得精确的闭合相位信息是进行光干涉图像重构的先决条件.提出一种基于精密光程差调制的时域干涉信号闭合相位检测方法,在3路干涉臂上进行非冗余精密光程调制,并通过多次干涉测量结合数据拟合的方法消除光程差调制中存在的正弦误差,使得光程调制的精度达到20 nm以内.引入高速探测器件提升时域干涉信号的采样频率,对探测器上获得的时域干涉信号进行傅立叶变换处理,获得3路干涉臂精确的闭合相位信息.室内实验结果表明,基于精密光程调制的时域信号闭合相位计算精度可以达到1/50波长以内.     

基于GPS射频信号模拟的定时方法

针对采用GPS定时的设备提出了基于GPS射频信号模拟的定时方法,在不更改原有设备的情况下,可利用外部时间基准进行同步。首先建立卫星的轨道模型,模拟出卫星的导航电文;然后根据设备的位置模拟产生观测数据;再将导航电文调制到卫星的伪随机码上,根据观测数据计算出伪距,对调制的信号进行延迟;最后,通过正交射频调制得到GPS模拟信号。已建立的实验模型能实现以上模拟过程。测试表明,该方法可达到10ns级的定时精度。     

利用广播电台发播时间编码信息

一个标准时间信息码由广播电台传送,是有许多优点:复盖面积比较大,不要建立专门的标准时间发播台,使用低价接收机和简单解码器,可以获得较高时间同步和校频精度。文中介绍了目前广播电台报时信号形式。编码时间信号采用“PSK”调制形式,主要目的满足不同用户的需要。解码器采用匹配滤波器,以便获得最佳接收。     

Multi-parametric effect of solar activity on cosmic rays

The long-term modulation of cosmic ray intensity (CRI) by different solar activity (SA) parameters and an inverse correlation between individual SA parameter and CRI is well known. Earlier, it has been suggested that the concept of multi-parametric modulation of CRI may play an important role in the study of long-term modulation of CRI. In the present study, we have tried to investigate the combined effect of a set of two SA parameters in the long-term modulation of CRI. For this purpose, we have used a new statistical technique called “Running multiple correlation method”, based on the “Running cross correlation method”. The running multiple correlation functions among different sets of two SA parameters (e.g., sunspot numbers and solar flux, sunspot numbers and coronal index, sunspot numbers and grouped solar flares, etc.) and CRI have been correlated separately. It is found that the strength of multiple correlation (among two SA parameters and CRI) and cross correlation (between individual SA parameter and CRI) is almost similar throughout the period of investigation (1955–2005). It is also found that the multiple correlations among various SA parameters and CRI is stronger during ascending and descending phases of the solar cycles and it becomes weaker during maxima and minima of the solar cycles, which is in accordance with the linear relationship between SA parameters and CRI. The values of multiple correlation functions among different sets of SA parameters and CRI fall well within the 95% confidence interval. In the view of odd-even hypothesis of solar cycles, the strange behaviour of present cycle 23 (odd cycle), as this is characterized by many peculiarities with double peaks and many quiet periods (Gnevyshev gaps) interrupted the solar activity (for example April 2001, October–November 2003 and January 2005), leads us to speculate that the solar cycle 24 (even cycle) might be of exceptional nature.     

红外天文观测中望远镜副镜的一种新调制方法

本文介绍一种称作三位调制的望远镜副镜调制新方法。在用望远镜作L和M波段的红外天文观测时,采用这种新调制方法,在一定条件下可以替代望远镜所做的双束转换运动而获得令人满意的结果。对于控制功能不是很强的望远镜,或者进行一些不允许望远镜摆动的特殊观测(如红外偏振测量),这种方法极为有用。本文介绍了这种新调制方法原理和电路,并且使用1.2米红外望远镜比较了用这种新调制方法和用通常的副镜二位调制方法对一组红外标准星的测量结果:在J和K波段;两种方法的结果大体相同,在L波段,新调制方法显示出明显的优越性。     

Cosmic-Ray Modulation due to High-Speed Solar-Wind Streams of Different Sources,Speed, and Duration

We study the modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) due to high-speed streams (HSS) identified in the solar wind. We compare the GCR modulation due to i) streams with different speed, ii) streams of different duration, and iii) streams from different solar sources. We apply the method of superposed-epoch analysis to analyze the interplanetary plasma and field parameters during the passage of streams with distinct plasma and field characteristics. We use the plasma/field characteristics to distinguish various features of solar sources and interplanetary structures, and discuss the observed differences in the cosmic-ray response. We study the influence of speed, duration, and solar sources of the streams on the GCR modulation. We discuss the relative importance of different solar-wind parameters in the modulation process.     

一个耀变体样本在射电波段的Jurkevich周期分析

利用欧文斯谷射电天文台(Owens Valley Radio Observatory, OVRO) 15 GHz的观测数据,通过Jurkevich理论分析了78个耀变体样本的光变曲线,结果表明,射电源显示了显著的光变周期,范围为0.83–2.55 yr.另外,通过估算射电源光变的调制指数,发现蝎虎天体的调制指数较平谱射电类星体有更大的高斯分布峰值.     

The time-dependent transport of cosmic rays in the heliosphere

The modulation of cosmic rays (CRs) in the heliosphere is a dynamic and therefore a highly time-dependent process. Numerical models with only a time-dependent neutral sheet prove to be successful when moderate to low solar activity occurs but fail to describe large and discrete steps in modulated CRs when solar activity is high. To explain this feature of heliospheric modulation, the concept of global merged interaction regions (GMIRs) is required. The combination of gradient, curvature and neutral sheet drifts with these GMIRs has so far been the most successful approach in explaining the 11-year and 22-year cycles in the long-term modulation of CRs.     

罗兰C自主TOC同步的研究

研究了罗兰C自主实现TOC同步的原理。根据TOC的特点 ,分析了罗兰C自主TOC同步的基本要求。定义了TOC信息的概念 ,提出了一种新的信息类型和相应的通信规约。分析了GRI脉冲序列与参考脉冲 ,以及调制码组与罗兰C脉冲组的时间关系。最后详细研究了在连续传输 (TOC信息和DGNSS交替 )方式下TOC同步的原理和方法。     

Origin of the sunspot modulation of ozone: Its implications for stratospheric NO injection

The measured modulation of cosmic rays deposited in the stratosphere over a sunspot cycle produces an oscillating source of stratospheric NO with an 11-yr (quasi) period. The resulting modulation of ozone over this period is calculated and is shown to give good agreement with available measurements of the time lag, the latitude dependence and the magnitude of cyclic variations of ozone. This correlated modulation is then used to discuss the effect on ozone of the injection of NO into the stratosphere from artificial sources, viz. a fleet of supersonic transports and nuclear bomb explosions in the atmosphere.