墙体浅层裂缝检测的数字化图像处理方法

数字图像处理技术应用于墙体浅层裂缝测量可获取数字化的裂缝信息,具有操作灵活、测量精度高等优点,可以克服传统墙体裂缝宽度测量技术的费时费力、精度不高等不足,具有广泛的应用前景。该文提出了一种新的基于神经网络进行图像分割的方法,对墙体裂缝图像进行提取,一定程度上克服了传统分割方法对背景图像的依赖性,减少了伪点和伪区域,降低了采用形态学算法带来的不准确性,提高了测量准确性;同时介绍了对墙体裂缝图像进行数字化处理的具体方法和流程。结合工程实例进行实验,结果表明该技术测量精确,操作方便,具有明显的工程意义和一定的实用价值。     

建筑外墙防渗漏技术的施工技术分析

文章分析了目前建筑外墙渗漏存在的主要原因,对墙体发生裂缝现象、墙体抹灰层的问题以及门窗和孔洞的渗漏进行了阐述,分析了房屋建筑工程防渗漏要求,最后根据外墙渗漏现象发生的原因总结了房建施工中应该采取的防渗漏施工技术,旨在为房屋建筑的防渗漏施工提供相应的技术理论,保障建筑使用的质量和安全。     

建筑工程中的防渗漏技术探索

近年来,房屋建筑渗漏问题成为居民住宅质量投诉的热点。因此,防渗漏技术在建筑施工中的位置越来越重要,从而使其在工程中的应用越来越广泛。在我国的建筑工程施工过程中,屋面、墙体和裂缝、厨房、卫生间以及各个门窗的渗漏问题是需要引起重视的。本文对防外墙渗漏技术进行简要论述,并通过对外墙、门窗、厨房和卫生问、墙体、屋面的防渗漏技术的研究和分析,针对建筑工程中的防渗漏技术提出一些个人观点。     

房屋建筑墙体渗漏的处理

分析了导致房屋建筑墙体渗漏的原因,介绍了墙体渗漏的处理技术以及常见渗漏形式的处理.     

房屋建筑墙体渗漏的处理

分析了导致房屋建筑墙体渗漏的原因,介绍了墙体渗漏的处理技术以及常见渗漏形式的处理。     

探讨建筑外墙防渗漏施工技术

本文作者介绍了建筑外墙面易渗漏的部位，对引起渗漏的原因和墙体结构对渗漏的影响进行阐述，并提出了相关施工技术措施及现阶段外墙防水的方法。     

墙体渗漏检测的数字化处理系统

根据墙体渗漏检测的工作环境和数据采集要求,搭建了的模块化墙体渗漏检测数字化处理平台。下位机以P89LPC938单片机为核心,主要功能是对被检测墙体进行数据采集、存储、显示和传输上位机用于墙体渗漏的数据化处理,并应用BP神经网络完成材料电阻值到墙体含水量的标定。     

对建筑外墙面防渗漏技术措施的综合论述

本文笔者结合工程实例,介绍了建筑外墙面易渗漏的部位,对引起渗漏的原因和墙体结构对渗漏的影响进行了综合论述;并提出了相关施工技术措施及现阶段外墙防水的方法。     

对建筑外墙面防渗漏技术措施的综合论述

本文笔者结合工程实例,介绍了建筑外墙面易渗漏的部位,对引起渗漏的原因和墙体结构对渗漏的影响进行了综合论述;并提出了相关旌工技术措旌及现阶段外墙防水的方法。     

基于引导滤波的数字图像自动聚焦融合方法研究

为了提高远程物探遥感数字图像的自动聚焦检测能力,提出基于引导滤波的数字图像自动聚焦融合方法。建立远程物探遥感数字图像滤波检测模型,在信息增强技术下进行数字图像的特征匹配,建立远程物探遥感数字图像三维重建模型,构建可见光数字图像的模糊特征检测算法,通过远程物探遥感特征匹配,进行数字图像RGB分解,获得远程物探遥感下数字图像的空间匹配函数,在视觉分布模型下,进行远程物探遥感信息融合,结合空间视觉信息增强的方法,进行数字图像的融合滤波检测,通过引导滤波方法,进行数字图像自动聚焦融合处理,提高图像的输出信噪比。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行高远程物探遥感数字图像聚焦融合的输出质量较好,图像输出信噪比较高,自动匹配性能较好,提高了高远程物探遥感数字图像识别和聚焦成像质量。     

基于信息融合的地铁车站基坑施工风险评估

针对地铁车站基坑工程施工风险大和施工环境的复杂性,为实现基坑工程风险等级的合理评估,提出了基于证据理论的信息融合方法对基坑工程进行风险等级评估。基于实际工程概况和施工经验,确定了围护结构顶水平位移,竖向位移,地下水位等影响基坑安全等级的因素,并将其划分为 4 个等级。利用熵权法确定各个风险等级的权重,然后基于证据理论的信息融合方法对监测数据进行有效融合, 进而得到基坑工程各个区域的风险等级。对广佛环城际铁路琶洲支线大学城东站的基坑工程进行实证分析,基坑工程风险评估等级与实际工程情况相符,为基坑风险评估与安全管理提供决策依据,保证了地铁车站基坑工程施工的安全性。     

Multi-source information fusion applied to structural damage diagnosis

This study aims to import multi-source information fusion (MSIF) into structural damage diagnosis to improve its validity. Two structural damage identification methods based on MSIF are put forward, one of which is to fuse two or more structural damage detection methods by MSIF and another of which is the improved modal strain energy method by multi-mode information processing based on MSIF. Through a concrete plate experiment it is proved that, if two methods are integrated by character-level information fusion, structural initial damages can be more accurately identified than by a single method. In a simulation of a concrete box beam bridge, it is indicated that the improved modal strain energy method has a nice sensitivity to structural initial damages and a favorable robusticity to noise. These two structural damage diagnosis methods based on MSIF have good effects on structural damage identification and good practicability to actual structures.     

基于多源信息融合的建筑施工安全管理策略分析

本文对建筑施工安全管理进行了研究,得出了安全事故发生大多是因为管理者没有将施工中的人、机、环境、管理方面的信息及时把握和融合的结果。可以把多源信息的融合技术进一步拓展到建筑领域,为建筑行业的施工安全管理做出策略分析。     

基于数据融合技术的无人值守变电站火灾探测算法研究

针对变电站传统火灾报警系统存在误报、漏报率高,无法根据站内不同区域重要性采取严格程度不同的火灾报警及消防措施问题,笔者提出一种基于数据融合技术的无人值守变电站火灾探测算法。在数据融合技术的特征层,采用BP神经网络对探测区域内温度、烟雾体积分数、CO体积分数3种特征参量进行数据融合,预测输出明燃火及阴燃火的概率;在决策层,通过模糊推理将特征层输出的火灾概率与火灾延续时间、火灾风险度和损害度3种附加信息进行数据融合,最终决策输出火灾报警等级。仿真测试结果表明：该算法能够快速准确识别出明燃火及阴燃火场景,并能根据不同探测区域的重要性差异给出合理报警决策,具有一定的灵活性和先进性。     

Evidential transformer for pavement distress segmentation

Distress segmentation assigns each pixel of a pavement image to one distress class or background, which provides a simplified representation for distress detection and measurement. Even though remarkably benefiting from deep learning, distress segmentation still faces the problems of poor calibration and multimodel fusion. This study has proposed a deep neural network by combining the Dempster–Shafer theory (DST) and a transformer network for pavement distress segmentation. The network, called the evidential segmentation transformer, uses its transformer backbone to obtain pixel-wise features from input images. The features are then converted into pixel-wise mass functions by a DST-based evidence layer. The pixel-wise masses are utilized for performing distress segmentation based on the pignistic criterion. The proposed network is iteratively trained by a new learning strategy, which represents uncertain information of ambiguous pixels by mass functions. In addition, an evidential fusion strategy is proposed to fuse heterogeneous transformers with different distress classes. Experiments using three public data sets (Pavementscape, Crack500, and CrackDataset) show that the proposed networks achieve state-of-the-art accuracy and calibration on distress segmentation, which allows for measuring the distress shapes more accurately and stably. The proposed fusion strategy combines heterogeneous transformers while remaining a performance not less than those of the individual networks on their respective data sets. Thus, the fusion strategy makes it possible to use the existing networks to build a more general and accurate one for distress segmentation.     

遥感图像融合算法与质量评价探讨

图像融合技术能够显著提高遥感图像的应用效益,但对于高空间分辨率卫星图像（如IKONOS、QuickBird、WorldView-2）,传统融合方法往往产生光谱扭曲等现象,导致遥感图像的应用效益有所降低。笔者在总结典型图像融合算法优缺点基础上,利用五种融合算法对WorldView-2卫星图像进行融合;基于改进的综合图像融合评价指标,定量地评价各种融合算法的性能。结果表明,对于以WorldView-2为例的高分辨率遥感图像,PANSHARP算法融合的图像色彩最自然,全色波段空间细节保留完整,目标边缘锐利。     

Seismic behavior of coupled shear wall structures with various concrete and steel coupling beams

A novel 2‐level yielding steel coupling beam (TYSCB) has been developed to enhance the seismic performance of coupled shear wall systems. The TYSCB consists of a shear‐yielding beam designed to yield first under minor earthquakes and a bend‐yielding beam designed to yield under severe earthquakes. A comparison of seismic behavior of 4 20‐storey coupled shear wall structures with reinforced concrete coupling beams, complete steel coupling beams, fuse steel coupling beams, and TYSCB is presented. The dimensions and force‐displacement curves of these coupling beams are first designed. Nonlinear dynamic analyses on these structures are carried out under minor and severe earthquakes. The seismic behavior of these models is studied by comparing their storey shear forces, storey drift ratios and ductility demands. The results show that the base shear and storey drift of the structure with TYSCB under both minor and severe earthquakes are less than those of structures with concrete coupling beams and complete steel coupling beams. Furthermore, the ductility demand of coupled shear walls with TYSCB subjected to severe earthquakes can be greatly released compared with those using fuse steel coupling beams. This indicates that the proposed TYSCB has a better balance between ductility demand and energy dissipation, compared to traditional steel coupling beams.     

Fused structures for safer and more economical constructions

Safety margin and construction costs are two conflicting goals for a structure. By providing a fuse in a structure that is triggered at a certain level of over-loading, further increase of loading is prohibited and failure of the structure is changed to a safer mode. As overloading is controlled and a safer failure mode is enforced, a fused structure requires a smaller safety factor thus leading to more economical construction without compromising safety. The use of a fuse will also facilitate safer use of advanced construction materials such as fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. In this case, a fuse can transfer the sudden and dangerous failure mode associated with brittle FRP debonding or rupture to a safe and ductile failure mode at the fuse location. This paper introduces a new type of fused structure as well as an associated design philosophy and approach, in addition to examples of engineering applications.     

脱硫石膏制备现浇墙体材料缓凝技术研究

实施湿法脱硫以来,每年脱硫石膏的排放给企业和地方造成很大压力,对环境形成威胁,脱硫石膏的综合利用越来越受到重视。本论文以脱硫石膏为原材料,通过缓凝技术优化脱硫石膏的应用性能,制备现浇墙体材料,实验结果表明:新型缓凝剂HD在其掺量为0.3%时初终凝时间分别为58 min、66 min,满足现场浇筑施工要求,绝干抗折抗压强度分别达到4.49 MPa、11.92 MPa。脱硫石膏现浇墙体材料的开发提高了脱硫石膏的利用率,实现了节能建筑与墙体材料的融合。     

Coloring and fusing architectural sketches by combining a Y-shaped generative adversarial network and a denoising diffusion implicit model

Sketch-based architectural design tasks require considerable time and effort. However, developing an artificial intelligence agent to color and fuse architectural sketches is challenging due to the imaginative nature of the task and technical limitations. Here, we first introduce Y-shaped generative adversarial networks (GANs), which can color sketches on the basis of temporarily specified reference images by embedding an attention mechanism model that can match spatial and color information and by maintaining a type of triangular equilibrium state. Then, we develop practicable methods for coloring and fusing the given sketches simultaneously using a combination of our Y-shaped GANs and the denoising diffusion implicit model, yielding results with high quality and veracity. A novel interpolation process is developed as a necessary trick for realizing the fusion function. The testing results indicate that this method works better than the existing methods for the tasks of coloring and fusing architectural sketches.