双馈风力发电机功率特性的理论分析及实验研究

在磁场定向矢量控制的基础上,对变速恒频双馈风力发电机的功率特性进行了理论分析,建立了双馈发电机功率因数、功角特性、有功功率控制的数学模型并讨论了控制参数和运行状态对功率特性的影响.仿真和实验结果基本一致,直观地反映了变速恒频双馈风力发电机的功率特性,验证了所提出的双馈发电机的功率控制模型的正确性.     

双馈风力发电机组并网控制策略及性能分析

为了实现双馈风力发电机组无冲击电流并网,基于电网电压定向矢量控制技术,提出了一种考虑转子电流动态调节特性的双馈风力发电机组空载并网控制策略。基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平台,建立了双馈风力发电机系统及其并网控制的数学模型,并对不同初始运行转速的双馈风力发电机组的自动并网运行特性进行了仿真。仿真实验结果证明无论初始转速为同步转速,还是超、亚同步转速,利用提出的并网控制策略,双馈风力发电机组能很好快速地建立定子电压,并网过渡过程定子电流基本没有冲击。     

变速恒频双馈风力发电机有功、无功解耦控制研究与实现

双馈发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制是变速恒频风力发电系统的关键技术,在分析双馈发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制规律的基础上,给出了基于定子磁场定向控制策略的实现方案,然后利用Matlab工具对该控制方案进行了仿真研究,最后设计和构造了基于TI公司MS320F2407DSP的变速恒频双馈风力发电机有功功率、无功功率解耦控制实验系统,仿真和实验结果表明该控制策略能够有效地实现双馈发电机功率的解耦控制,为兆瓦级变速恒频双馈风力发电机组励磁变换器的研制奠定了基础。     

双馈风力发电机无速度传感器控制

提出了一种新型的基于模型参考自适应原理的双馈风力发电机的无速度传感器矢量控制方案.根据双馈风力发电机运行的特点,针对双馈发电机并网前空载励磁阶段和并网后发电运行阶段分别采用了不同的无速度传感器矢量控制方案.在发电机并网前,根据双馈发电机空载时定子侧电压矢量的q轴分量估计发电机并网前转速及转子位置.在并网运行阶段采用了一种基于双馈电机磁链关系的模型参考自适应方法进行转速及转子位置的跟踪.最后在理论分析的基础上,在实验室的双馈风力发电机组模拟平台上进行了实验研究.实验结果证明了该文提出的双馈风力发电机无速度传感器矢量控制方案的正确性和可行性.     

叶轮质量不平衡故障下双馈风力发电机特性分析

针对双馈风力发电机组叶轮质量不平衡故障展开研究,综合考虑机组最大风能追踪控制策略(MPPT)以及转子侧矢量控制策略,分析叶轮质量不平衡故障对双馈风力发电机电气特性的影响,推导转子电流的解析表达式,并得出定子电流和功率的变化特性。然后在Matlab/Simulink平台进行仿真,并通过实验进行验证。仿真和实验表明,叶轮质量不平衡故障时双馈风力发电机功率发生波动,频率为叶轮转频及其倍频;定、转子电流中除基波外还包含调制谐波,调制频率为叶轮转频及其倍频。     

兆瓦级变速恒频风力发电系统控制策略研究

在剖析双馈异步发电机工作原理的基础上建立了其两相同步旋转d-q坐标系下的数学模型,采用定子磁链定向矢量控制策略对变速恒频双馈风力发电系统输出有功、无功功率实现了解耦控制,设计了双馈异步发电机转子侧变换器的双闭环控制系统。以联合动力公司UP77/1500 IIA LT1.5 MW变速恒频双馈风力发电机组为研究对象,在MATLAB/Simulink平台下对系统进行了仿真试验。结果表明,在该控制策略下兆瓦级风电机组具有良好的运行特性。     

基于Matlab/Simulink的双馈感应风力发电机组建模和仿真研究

以双馈风力发电机组为研究对象,建立了包括风力机、传动部分、双馈感应发电机、定子磁链定向的矢量控制策略、最大风能捕获策略的整体数学模型;应用matlab软件中simulink工具,以建立的数学模型为基础搭建了双馈风力发电机组仿真模型,并以两次阶跃风速为例对所建模型并网后运行特性进行了仿真研究。实现了双馈风力发电机组的最大风能捕获和功率解耦控制,仿真结果表明,双馈风力发电机组具有良好的运行特性,同时验证了所建模型的正确性和有效性。     

交流励磁变速恒频风力发电系统矢量控制研究

基于双馈风力发电机的数学模型和瞬时无功理论,研究了转子侧变换器和网侧变换器的矢量控制策略,提出了双馈风力发电系统从空气动力学系统、机电系统、励磁控制系统完整的模型,以研究系统的暂态特性.以Matlab/Simulink为平台对系统的运行特性进行仿真.仿真结果表明,该控制策略满足变速恒频风力发电系统的要求,可实现最大风能跟踪控制和有功无功功率的独立解耦控制,并可改善系统的低电压穿越能力,实现不脱网运行.     

双馈风力发电机机侧变流器分析

根据变速恒频双馈风力发电机定子磁链定向矢量控制理论,采用双闭环结构SVPWM（Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation）,通过控制转子侧励磁电流达到控制电机定子侧的无功功率和频率的目的。并通过PSIM软件进行亚同步、超同步运行实验,双闭环控制保证了双馈电机的快速响应,仿真验证了双馈风力发电机控制策略的正确性     

双馈感应风力发电机位置观测的实验评估

分析了一种无位置传感器双馈感应风力发电机矢量控制的实现方法,给出了无位置传感器转子位置信号观测的方法,最后采用DSP芯片构造了无位置传感器双馈风力发电机实验系统,对该位置观测方法进行实验评估,测试了无位置传感器双馈感应发电机的动静态运行性能,实验结果表明,该位置观测方式具有良好的动态控制性能.     

Influence of Tower Shadow and Wind Turbulence on the Performance of Power System Stabilizers for DFIG-Based Wind Farms

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the way in which mechanical power variations, due to tower shadow and wind turbulence, influence control performance of power system stabilizer (PSS) loops for doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs). The PSS auxiliary loops are applied on a specific DFIG control scheme, the flux magnitude and angle controller (FMAC). However, since the PSS signal is applied at the output of the basic controller, the PSS performance characteristics displayed are deemed typical for DFIG control schemes in general. The relative capabilities of PSS controllers based on stator power, rotor speed, and network frequency, when the DFIG turbine is subjected to aerodynamic torque variations, are investigated via simulation studies. A two-generator aggregate model of a wind farm is introduced, which enables the influence of tower shadow and wind turbulence on both an individual turbine and on the overall wind farm itself to be assessed.     

Design and real time implementation of type-2 fuzzy vector control for DFIG based wind generators

Doubly fed induction generator is very sensitive to voltage variations in the grid, which pose limitation for wind power plants during the grid integrated operation. Handling the uncertainity in wind speed and grid faults is a major challenge to fulfill the modern grid code requirements. This paper proposes a new control strategy for Rotor side converter using Interval type-2 fuzzy sets which can model and handle uncertainties in the system parameters. The presence of third dimension in the membership function, offers an additional degree of freedom in the design of the controller to counter the effects of fluctuations in wind speed and low voltage during severe grid fault conditions. A 2 MW DFIG connected to the grid is modelled in simulation software RSCAD and interfaced with Real time digital simulator (RTDS) to perform the simulations in real-time. The RTDS platform is considered by many research laboratories as real-time testing module for controller prototyping and also for hardware in the loop (HIL) applications. The controller performance is evaluated in HIL configuration, by performing the real-time simulations under various parameter uncertainties. The proposed controller can improve the low voltage ride through capability of DFIG compared to that of PI and type-1 fuzzy controller.     

An input‐output linearization–based control strategy for wind energy conversion system to enhance stability

This paper proposes a novel control strategy for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind energy conversion system to investigate the potential of enhancing the stability of wind energy transmission system, a synchronous generator weakly integrated to a power system with a DFIG‐based wind farm. The proposed approach uses state feedback to exactly linearize the nonlinear wind energy transmission system from control actions (active power and reactive power control order of DFIG) to selected outputs (power angle and voltage behind transient resistance of synchronous generator) at first. Then, on account of the linearized subsystem, the stability enhancement controller is designed based on linear quadratic regulator algorithm to contribute adequate damping characteristics to oscillations of the synchronous generator system under various operation points. The proposed control strategy successfully deals with the nonlinear behaviors exist from the inputs to outputs and improve the robustness with respect to the variation of system operation points. Furthermore, not only the rotor angle stability but also the voltage stability is enhanced by using the proposed control strategy. The simulation results carried on the studied system verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy of wind energy conversion system for system stability enhancement and the robustness against various system operation points.     

电网不同故障下DFIG特性分析及保护措施建议

目前,国内外对DFIG的研究主要侧重于风力发电机组控制策略方面,而对于不同电网故障情况下DFIG的运行特性分析较少。鉴于此,在DIgSILENT／PowerFactory下建立TDFIG模型,利用含风电场的WSCC三机九节点仿真系统,进行了电网不同故障情况下的一系列仿真,重点分析了电网不同故障情况下DFIG的运行特性,研究了风电场与电网之间的交互影响及相应的保护措施,为大规模风电接入电网的运行控制提供依据。     

双馈风力发电系统最大风能追踪控制的研究

在分析了风力机功率特性和DFIG运行特性的基础上,通过对双馈机转速控制进行最大风能追踪具体过程的深入研究,提出了一种基于最大风能追踪的双馈电机有功、无功功率的解耦控制方法。建立了基于发电机定子磁链定向矢量控制的双馈风力发电系统最大风能追踪系统模型,并利用PSCAD/EMTDC对其进行仿真,结果验证了控制策略的正确性。     

双馈风电机组电能质量特性联合仿真建模分析

建立双馈风电机组（DFIG）联合仿真精细化模型——GH Bladed-Matlab模型。在GH Bladed中搭建机组主要机械部件模型,在Matlab中搭建机组的主要电气部件。选取2.2 MW的双馈风电机组搭建模型,根据现场测试数据修正GH Bladed-Matlab模型,使仿真得到的机组闪变外特性、谐波外特性、功率控制外特性与其现场测试波形外特性基本保持一致,确保研究得到的联合仿真模型高精确性。所建立的模型在针对机组电能质量特性因素定性研究的基础上,结合数据进行定量分析,为同系列机组电能质量特性优化提供参考。     

双馈感应风力发电系统低电压穿越控制

传统的双馈感应发电机(DFIG)矢量控制方案忽略了定子暂态磁通,导致当电网出现故障时控制性能恶化.为了提高电网故障下DFIG的不间断运行能力,将矢量控制与自抗扰控制器结合起来,利用扩张状态观测器估计出定子暂态磁通和电机参数误差对系统的影响并加以补偿.仿真结果表明该文提出的控制方法削弱了电网故障时DFIG的转子暂态电流峰值和电磁转矩波动,有效地保护了转子变频器和风力机机械结构,而且对电机参数误差具有鲁棒性.     

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.     

大型变速恒频风力发电机组建模与仿真

基于SIMULND技术,利用双馈感应发电机、风力机、电压型变流器、电压型逆变器的数学模型建立了相应的仿真模型;并对定子侧直接与50Hz电网连接,转子侧连接AC/DC/AC变流器的典型变速恒频风力发电系统进行了仿真验证.几个单独的风力发电系统子系统可以通过级联的方式构成大型风力发电场来模拟整个电网的运行情况.仿真结果表明,DFIG仿真模型的正确性和验证大型风电场的有效性.     

双馈风力发电系统最大风能追踪控制

在分析风力机功率特性和DFIG运行特性的基础上,通过对双馈机转速控制进行最大风能追踪具体过程的深入研究,提出一种基于最大风能追踪的双馈电机有功、无功功率的解耦控制方法。建立了基于发电机定子磁链定向矢量控制的双馈风力发电系统最大风能追踪系统模型,并利用PSCAD／EMTDC对其进行仿真,结果验证了控制策略的正确性。