国外反TBM战斗部研究发展现状

由于TBM的飞行时间短、突防能力强等特点,传统的破片式防空导弹战斗部对TBM目标的毁伤效果非常有限.目前世界各军事强国都在不断改进和发展反TBM战斗部技术,介绍了国外反TBM战斗部研究发展现状,并针对TBM的特点,总结归纳出新型反TBM战斗部的发展趋势.     

反TBM导弹动能杆战斗部优化设计

在引战配合条件下, 针对目标可能采取的对抗措施, 推导了动能杆战斗部类反TBM导弹的杀伤概率数学模型, 并根据仿真结果讨论了影响杀伤概率的主要因素; 在此基础上, 把战斗部参数作为设计变量, 以单发导弹杀伤概率最大、战斗部质量最小为双目标函数, 建立了优化设计模型, 并给出算例, 分析了计算结果.     

破片对模拟聚能战斗部装药冲击起爆研究

研究了破片对模拟聚能战斗部装药的冲击起爆问题.针对破片对聚能战斗部作用的工程问题进行等效模型简化,设计了模拟战斗部靶标及破片撞击试验方案,进行了1000～1500m/s速度范围内的冲击起爆试验,获得了装药被引发反应特性.与数值模拟进行对比,给出了破片对模拟聚能战斗部装药撞击起爆速度阈值.研究结果对反聚能装药战斗部破片杀伤元素设计具有指导意义.     

反TBM系统中HTK与破片杀伤技术比较分析

总结归纳了TBM威胁的特点, 指出了破片杀伤拦截弹面临的问题, 通过对反TBM系统中破片杀伤拦截弹和基于HTK的动能拦截弹特点及其杀伤效能的比较分析, 认为基于HTK技术的动能武器必将成为今后相当长时间内反导武器发展的主要方向.     

动能杆对TBM弹头毁伤效应的数值仿真

为研究动能杆对TBM弹头的毁伤效应,根据文献调研将TBM弹头结构分为鼻锥、前设备舱、战斗部舱和控制舱四个部分,并分别建立了其等效结构模型。据此,通过Autodyn软件,仿真计算了动能杆以一定速度和不同着角对鼻锥、前设备舱和战斗部舱等效结构的高速撞击效果。结果表明:动能杆难以贯穿TBM弹头的鼻锥侵入弹头内部,但可侵入前设备舱对TBM弹头进行毁伤,且可有条件的引爆战斗部舱内的B炸药,并通过数值仿真获得了引爆条件。     

反辐射导弹对目标毁伤能力评估

通过对反辐射导弹战斗部威力模型、目标易损性模型及杀伤概率模型的研究,探讨了反辐射导弹对目标毁伤能力的评估方法。为正确分析和发挥反辐射导弹作战效能莫定了基础,也为反辐射导弹战斗部改进提供了技术参考。     

防空反导战斗部毁伤增强型破片技术分析

分析了直接动能碰撞技术在防空反导中的不足,对目前采用的各种毁伤增强型破片技术进行了比较和分析,认为应当加强对新型破片杀伤技术的分析和研究,提高破片式战斗部的毁伤效能,以便更好地对防空导弹战斗部改进与提高。一方面可以满足防空导弹的多功能性,能同时对付反导和反空气动力学目标;另一方面具有相当高的经济性。     

杆式战斗部在动能拦截器杀伤增强装置中的应用

介绍了动能拦截器杀伤增强装置的必要性,分析了国外杆式战斗部的研究现状、发展趋势及其在动能拦截器杀伤增强装置中的应用。     

信息动态

为应对防御逐步加强或加厚的空中目标威胁,分析研究了反装甲战斗部技术的现状和发展方向,结果显示已有的反装甲聚能射流战斗部、爆炸成型弹丸战斗部和多模式战斗部等,主要以打击地面、水中舰艇等装甲类目标为主,随着空中目标的防护装甲化趋势日益显现,可将聚能战斗部技术的应用拓展至防空反导技术领域,并通过高能量密度CL-20炸药等的应用进一步增强战斗部威力和毁伤效能.研究表明,通过传统反装甲战斗部技术的有效集成、成型效应过程创新等适于反空中目标的新结构、新效能聚能毁伤元的出现,加之未来高能量密度CL-20炸药的推广应用,针对防空反导聚能战斗部的打击优势能得到更好的发挥及体现,满足毁伤元既穿透目标厚壁装甲,又引爆其内炸药的打击需求.     

杀伤爆破战斗部杀伤威力的多目标优化

杀伤爆破战斗部杀伤威力一直是杀伤爆破战斗部设计中关注的技术指标之一.基于Stochastic随机破碎模型和破碎性试验对杀伤爆破战斗部威力参数进行研究,分析装药种类、弹体壁厚和弹体材料对杀伤爆破战斗部有效破片形成的影响规律.以弹体材料参数和弹体厚度为设计变量,以有效破片的数量和平均动能最大为优化目标,采用非支配排序遗传算法得到不同设计变量条件下的Pareto最优解集.结果表明:Stochastic随机破碎模型可以有效地反映战斗部形成有效破片的质量分布规律;基于代理模型和多目标遗传算法的战斗部杀伤威力优化方法,能够有效提高杀伤爆破战斗部的杀伤威力,优化结果可为杀伤爆破战斗部设计提供参考.     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.     

A Study on the Estimation of Aeroheating upon the Warhead Nose at Supersonic Speed

An expression for estimating the aeroheating on a warhead nose at different supersonic speeds is proposed by incorporating CFD （computational fluid dynamics） and the least-square method. Compared with the traditional estimation formula, the expression is more accurate, convenient and can be used in the optimized design of warheads. The error from the result obtained in the test of a ball cartridge flight is less than 3 %. It satisfies the engineering requirements.