基于无线自组织网络的TCP Freeze-Probing改进协议

传统的TCP协议在有线网络中能够良好地工作,但用于无线自组织网络时则性能有所下降.其原因在于,传统的TCP协议无法分辨网络丢包原因,如网络拥塞、链路断开、信道错误或者链路改变.为了提高TCP协议在无线自组织网络中的性能,提出了一种TCP协议的改进方案TCP Freeze-Probing.该方案是一种端到端方法,不需要网络中间节点的反馈合作同时,提出了一种基于TCP Freeze-Probing的吞吐量模型并利用仿真对模型进行了验证.分析和仿真结果表明,该方案能够有效地改进TCP在无线自组织网络的性能.     

基于带宽估计的TCPW改进算法

TCP Westwood (TCPW)协议在误码率较高、带宽不稳定的无线网络环境下,已经表现出比传统TCP更为优越的性能,但它不能区分丢包的原因,在带宽利用率及性能上仍显不足.针对此问题,提出了TCPW改进算法TCPW-J,基于带宽估计值的变化情况划分网络拥塞等级,以区分拥塞丢包和无线丢包.仿真结果表明,TCPW-J算法提高了网络带宽利用率,并保持了较好的公平性和友好性.     

提高TCP吞吐量的拥塞控制算法

为了在有线和无线共存的网络中提高TCP吞吐量,基于常量窗口理论,提出了一种新的拥塞控制算法C-TCP。分析了C-TCP算法发送方在生命周期中经历的3个阶段,设计了有线/无线网络方案,通过NS2仿真平台获取了C-TCP拥塞窗口的最佳值,把该值设置为实验所需的常量值。基于无拥塞的单TCP链路和拥塞的多TCP链路两种情况,无线子网在常量差错率和突发差错两种状态下,分别仿真实现了C-TCP、TCPReno和TCPW这3种算法的吞吐量性能实验。仿真实验结果表明,C-TCP算法在吞吐量上优于其他两种算法。     

TCPW协议的跨层优化设计

传统TCP协议直接应用于混合网络会导致网络性能下降,基于带宽估算的TCPW协议是一种端到端的解决方案。针对TCPW协议带宽估算不够准确的问题,利用介质访问控制层的请求发送次数作为拥塞度量,提出TCPW协议的跨层优化设计。仿真结果表明,该优化设计的总吞吐量和公平性相比TCPW协议分别提高了23.8%和2.5%。     

无线网络下TCP重传定时器研究

鉴于无线网络的固有特性,传统TCP重传定时器在无线网络下易出现过早超时,致使TCP启用拥塞控制机制,降低了TCP吞吐量。该文改进了传统TCP重传定时器RTO设置算法,使之自适应于网络状况的变化。仿真结果表明,在链路误码率较高时,此方案较好地避免了过早超时,有效改善了无线环境下TCP性能。     

基于RTT的TCPW拥塞控制算法的改进

无线网络受传输介质的限制,传输过程中会受到较大干扰,产生抖动,这种抖动会产生零星丢失而被拥塞控制机制误认为拥塞发生.TCP Westwood 协议(简称TCPW)就是这样不能区分拥塞丢失和无线抖动丢失,导致拥塞机制过于敏感,降低了带宽利用率.基于此,根据RTT值的估计对TCPW协议进行修改--称之为TCPW BR.该算法以测得的平滑RTT值并依据加权平均思想划分拥塞等级,判断拥塞丢失和无线抖动丢失.仿真结果表明,TCPW BR算法增强了无线网络对拥塞和随机差错的判断处理能力,提高了带宽利用率和吞吐量,并保持良好的公平性与友好性.     

一种TCP Westwood增强算法

TCP Westwood（TCPW）和Vegas都是基于测量的TCP增强算法。TCPW针对ACK流估算可用带宽,在无线网络领域已经表现出了较为明显的优越性,但是TCPW在慢启动和线性递增部分依然采用传统Reno的盲目递增的机制,导致发送端较为频繁的重传。通过对这两种算法的研究,提出一种增强算法,可以明显减少分组重传,提高有效吞吐量,去除TCP全局同步现象,更有效的利用瓶颈带宽。并通过网络仿真工具NS2验证了其在吞吐量,丢失率等方面的增强性能。     

基于认知无线电网络的TCP协议的改进方案

首先搭建认知无线电网络环境,在该网络下分析TCP Reno、TCP Newreno、TCP Sack1、TCP Vegas、TCPWestwood协议的性能包括拥塞窗口、平均吞吐量、丢包率。针对传统TCP拥塞控制在认知无线网络中存在的问题,提出一种跨层优化TCP Westwood的改进算法,称为TCP-CR。该算法区分网络拥塞导致的超时和切换所导致的超时,同时针对不同轻度拥塞进行不同的恢复策略。ns-2仿真结果表明,TCP-CR可以减少TCP的平均慢启动次数,吞吐量比传统的TCP Westwood显著提高。增强了对认知无线网络环境的适应性,从而提高了网络的性能。     

面向噪声丢包感知的无线网络拥塞算法

针对无线网络链路干扰大、误码率高等特点，以及TCP Westwood算法（TCPW）存在估算带宽时过度依赖包的反馈，缺乏区分传输过程中丢包类型的缺点等问题，提出一种TCPW拥塞控制优化算法--TCPW-F。该算法利用发送速率等构建拥塞因子[F]作为判断丢包类型的依据，同时对判定发生噪声丢包时的拥塞窗口进一步调整，避免噪声丢包引起的窗口下降，提高该情况下窗口的发送效率。仿真结果表明，TCPW-F算法在时延性能方面表现更优，单位时间抖动趋于稳定的速度更快。在同一信道带宽下增大包生成速率，改进算法的实时吞吐量明显高于原算法，具备一定的噪声丢包感知能力，无线网络的TCP传输质量获得较大改善。     

一种CDMA2000链路层自适应重传算法

TCP协议应用在3G无线网络中时，其传输性能受到了无线网络物理层帧差错率的严重影响。链路层重传技术可以大大改善TCP数据传输性能因无线信道误码率大而下降的情况。主要研究了CDMA2000中链路层重传技术对无线TCP数据传输的影响，并结合TCP层重传超时机制，提出了一种新的自适应链路层重传算法，提高了TCP在无线链路的数据传输性能。最后对该算法进行仿真，验证了此算法可以显著提高TCP吞吐率。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.