雷电脉冲透射非规则圆柱腔体耦合分析

针对雷电间接效应圆柱腔体耦合场表征中透射方法在非规则圆柱腔体情况下误差较大的问题,在规则圆柱腔体透射场原理分析的基础上,对Richard时域转移阻抗模型进行调整,提出基于腔体表面曲率半径的时域转移阻抗模型。该模型考虑了腔体半径变化的影响,能同时有效表征规则圆柱腔体和非规则圆柱腔体的时域转移阻抗。在验证试验中成功地将非规则圆柱腔体透射场与内部场的误差从10.83%缩小到4.9%,解决了透射法在非规则圆柱腔体雷电场耦合中的适用性问题。本文工作为雷电脉冲透射非规则圆柱腔体耦合分析提供一个适用范围更广的方法。     

用于椭圆函数滤波器高级模块化设计的单腔体计算机辅助设计

现代高级椭圆函数滤波器采用模块级联,其基本机构为单腔体(singlet),通过级联单腔体即可得到椭圆函数及准椭圆函数型直列式滤波器,大大降低了设计及调试难度。介绍了椭圆函数及准椭圆函数滤波器模块设计的基本结构——单腔体(singlet),提出了一种单腔体计算机辅助设计的方法。并用该方法设计了一个中心频率28 GHz的单腔体,其仿真结果与理论值非常一致,从而验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于BLT计算复杂腔体结构屏蔽效能的拓展方法

本文通过拓展BLT(Baum-Liu-Tesche)方法,计算了复杂结构腔体的屏蔽效能（Shielding Effectiveness,SE）. BLT方法最初被用于分析传输线模型,后被拓展到计算腔体屏蔽效能,然而其局限于计算矩形腔体和圆柱腔体的屏蔽效能,无法分析更加复杂的腔体结构.本文将BLT方法与数值方法相结合,同时利用机器学习的回归方法,将其拓展到复杂腔体结构的屏蔽效能计算中.本文首先计算了腔体二维截面的特征模;然后,基于电磁波传播规律建立了等效电路网络结构,结合BLT方法获得腔体屏蔽效能的频域响应分布;最后,利用机器学习方法训练支持向量回归模型（Support Vector Regression,SVR）,修正频域响应幅值,得到腔体目标的屏蔽效能.本文采用了3种不同结构的腔体对提出的方法进行了验证,频率范围为0.1～3 GHz.以商业软件仿真得到的结果为标准,本文提出的方法可以在85%的置信度条件下,实现均方根误差小于3,同时计算速度相比商业软件提升80倍以上.     

IPO+FMM混合方法结合GRI和级联技术计算电大腔体的RCS

采用快速方法(FMM, RPFMM, FaFFA)加速迭代物理光学法(IPO)的迭代过程,可以快速计算电大腔体的电磁散射特性。采用广义互易积分,用靠近腔体终端的一个St面将腔体分成两段,形状简单光滑的腔体前端用IPO结合快速算法处理,而腔体终端单独分析。为了能够处理深腔体和进一步加快计算速度,将腔体前端进一步分成几个子腔体,每一个子腔体独立分析,通过一个级联方法求得腔体前端在St面产生的辐射场,最终在St面用广义互易积分求得腔体的RCS。数值计算结果表明该方法是准确的,同时能有效地提高计算速度。     

耦合腔体在大功率短波发射机中的应用

本文通过对比耦合腔体在国外以及国内大功率短波发射机中的发展应用,对耦合腔体的结构以及原理,并通过简单计算,对两种不同结构的腔体的特性阻抗,低端工作频率时等效电感和高端工作频率时的等效电感进行了对比,对耦合腔体发射机腔体常见故障及维护方法做了简要介绍。     

平面波斜入射到有孔腔体的屏蔽效能分析

使用解析方法研究了缝隙偏离中心的有孔屏蔽腔屏蔽效能。将有孔腔体的屏蔽和传输特性用等效传输线的高次模进行分析,推导了平面波以任意角度和极化方向入射时,有孔腔体屏蔽效能的解析计算表达式。分析了入射角度、极化方向、孔缝尺寸、测试点位置、腔体壁损耗、工作频率等参量与腔体屏蔽效能的关系。经与腔体谐振频率比对,表明该解析方法得到的结果可信,而且解析公式计算速度快,利于参量分析,能为屏蔽腔体设计提供依据。     

物理光学迭代法的子域连接法

本文提出的物理光学迭代法的子域连接法不但适用对电大尺寸一般腔体雷达截面的计算,而且能有效降低数值计算时间.它是将腔体分成若干个子腔体,每个子腔体用物理光学迭代法分析,子腔体之间电磁耦合通过对整个腔体循环迭代计入.数值结果验证了本文方法的正确性.     

介质涂覆电大复杂腔体散射的快速求解

利用腔体涂覆层是薄层损耗介质的情况,引入阻抗边界条件求解腔体的介质涂覆区域.详细推导了快速多极子方法结合迭代物理光学法和阻抗边界条件的混合计算公式.在此基础上利用前后向迭代方法加速收敛.计算结果表明该方法比IPO FMM方法有效地减少了迭代次数,能够对腔体涂覆材料的电磁参数、腔体涂覆部位进行优化设计,对开口腔体的RCS减缩提供理论参考.     

一种基于缝隙天线阻抗的带缝腔体谐振频率计算方法

电磁波经缝隙进入机箱腔体后,会在某些频率点形成驻波而发生电磁谐振,导致腔体屏蔽效能急剧下降.为快速准确预测谐振频率以指导屏蔽腔体设计,本文基于缝隙天线阻抗理论提出一种带缝腔体谐振频率的计算方法.将电磁场用自由空间和腔体格林函数表示,根据缝隙处的边界条件建立等效磁流源的积分方程.通过矩量法求解积分方程,计算出腔体输入阻抗.根据谐振发生时电抗为零或电阻最小,可从频率-阻抗曲线获得谐振频率.本文方法不仅能预测缝隙谐振和低阶模式腔体谐振,还能预测出高阶谐振.与实验和CST仿真结果对比验证了本文方法的准确性及快速性.最后用本文方法分析了腔体和缝隙尺寸以及缝隙位置对谐振频率的影响.     

Cu镀Au腔体气密性封装工艺研究

Cu镀Au腔体是微波器件常用封装载体之一。在目前应用中,Cu镀Au腔体微波器件的气密性封装一直是工程化技术难题,大幅影响了微波器件的可靠性和使用寿命。对基于Cu镀Au腔体的微波器件进行了气密性封装研究,探讨了Cu镀Au腔体实现气密性封装可能的工艺路线。通过比较激光封焊和真空钎焊等传统气密性封装工艺方法,提出了＂小孔密封...     

On the electromagnetic field in a cavity fed by a tangentialelectric field in an aperture in its wall

Heretofore, the electromagnetic field produced by a specified tangential electric field in an aperture in the wall of an arbitrarily shaped cavity has most often been expanded in terms of cavity modes. An alternative approach, that of the electric field integral equation is presented. In this approach, the cavity field is expressed as the field of a surface density of tangential electric current, or a surface density of tangential magnetic current, or a combination of surface densities of tangential electric and magnetic currents on the boundary of the cavity. Each surface density is characterized by a single tangential vector function which is determined by the integral equation requiring that the part of the electric field tangent to the boundary of the cavity must reduce to the specified tangential electric field in the aperture and zero elsewhere on the boundary of the cavity. The electric field integral equation method is specialized to more easily determine the field inside an arbitrary cylindrical cavity excited by a tangential electric field in an aperture in its lateral wall. The method is further specialized to a circular cavity     

蒙皮天线的浅介质腔体散射特性分析

随着隐身技术的不断发展,天线雷达散射截面( RCS)的缩减成为实现低散射平台电磁隐身特性的关键。蒙皮天线是天线RCS缩减的重要技术方向,而腔体散射又是蒙皮天线难以避开的问题,因此,介质浅腔的RCS缩减是实现低RCS天线的重要保障。通过仿真软件FEKO对浅腔、介质及介质浅腔的散射特性进行研究,得到了介质浅腔散射随介质浅腔深度呈现单调变化的条件,给出了一种具有低RCS值的菱形介质浅腔设计方法。该方法利用天线电性能及介质浅腔隐身性能对介质板厚度呈现单调变化的特性,在满足天线驻波比要求的基础上,通过尽量减薄介质基板的厚度实现介质浅腔RCS的缩减。实测结果表明,通过上述方法设计的介质浅腔的RCS得到了接近10 dB的缩减效果。     

Finite element analysis of electromagnetic scattering from a cavity

A finite element method (FEM) is implemented to compute the radar cross section of a two-dimensional (2D) cavity embedded in an infinite ground plane. The method is based on the variational formulation which uses the Fourier transform to couple the fields outside the cavity and those inside the cavity; hence, the scattering problem can be reduced to a bounded domain. The convergence of the discrete finite element problem is analyzed. Numerical results are presented and compared with those obtained by the standard finite element-Green function method and by the 2D integral equation method.     

Cavity-Backed Aperture Antennas with Dielectric and Magnetic Overlay

A method is presented for a full wave analysis of an aperture antenna backed by a rectangular cavity. The antenna may be covered by one or more dielectric and magnetic layers. The aperture antenna may be arbitrarily shaped but must be small compared to the cross section of the cavity. The analysis includes ohmic, dielectric, and magnetic losses in the cavity as well as in the overlay. Deriving a modified magnetic field integral equation, the treatment of the cavity and of the layered overlay is separated. A dyadic Green's function describing the topology of the cavity is formulated in the space domain. Another dyadic Green's function for the layered overlay is derived in the spectral domain. Subsequently, the integral equation is solved by the method of moments. The theoretical treatment is worked out for arbitrarily shaped apertures. Finally, the proposed method is applied to narrow slot antennas backed by rectangular cavities. Some numerical results are compared with experimental data     

交指加载盘荷的同轴腔分析

本文提出一种内外导体均加载盘荷的同轴谐振腔,由于盘荷交指排列,这种腔体具有较高的体积缩小效应,将网络思想推广到径向传输线中,可得到具体的分析方法,结果表明,在横向尺寸和工作频率相同情况下,这种腔体的长度相对于ＴＥＭ模传输型谐振可缩短七倍以上。     

Equivalent surface impedance of an infinite periodic array of slot impedance loads based on a semicylinder cavity

A problem of finding the equivalent surface impedance of an infinite periodic array of slot impedance loads based on a semicylinder cavity. The problem is solved by the integral-equation method. As the numerical method for solving the integral equation, the Krylov-Bogoliubov method is used. The results of the numerical experiment are presented in the form of dependences of the impedance on the cavity radius, slot width, conductor width, and angle of electromagnetic-wave incidence. The angular dependences of the impedance are compared to the earlier results obtained for an array of rectangular grooves and a single impedance load based on a semicylinder cavity.     

Application of the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method to Sinusoidal Steady-State Electromagnetic-Penetration Problems

A numerical method for predicting the sinusoidal steady-state electromagnetic fields penetrating an arbitrary dielectric or conducting body is described here. The method employs the finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) solution of Maxwell's curl equations implemented on a cubic-unit-cell space lattice. Small air-dielectric loss factors are introduced to improve the lattice truncation conditions and to accelerate convergence of cavity interior fields to the sinusoidal steady state. This method is evaluated with comparison to classical theory, method-of-moment frequency-domain numerical theory, and experimental results via application to a dielectric sphere and acylindrical metal cavity with an aperture. Results are also given for a missile-like cavity with two different types of apertures illuminated by an axial-incidence plane wave.     

边界积分法及连接算法分析任意腔体的散射

本文利用边界积分法分析二维任意腔体的散射,给出一种基于微波网络原理的连接算法,将腔体分为几段,分别用积分方程法计算每段的广义导纳矩阵,然后利用连接算法将各段连接,得到整个腔体的口径导纳矩阵,最后由广义网络原理求解腔体的等效磁流及后向散射场。本文方法可作为一种机辅设计算法。     

Determination of electrostatic fields and equipotentials using Fredholm's method

The electrostatic field and potential induced by an electrical charge inside a conductive cavity are calculated. First, the density of charge induced on the internal surfaces of the cavity has to be determined. This density is related to the original charge by an integral equation. Then, by the use of Fredholm's method this integral equation is reduced to a conventional system of algebraic linear equations, yielding density values at definite points of the internal surfaces, and hence electrostatic field and potential values at any internal point of the cavity. Fredholm's method is well suited to cavities with internally intricated structure and avoids numerical convergence difficulties.     

基于阵列信息的二维轴对称电导率分布的有效反演方法

本文基于实际工程应用中的阵列感应测井仪(AIT)的测量信息,利用变分玻昂迭代法(VBIM),在非均匀背景介质中来重构和反演地层的电导率剖面.该方法基于非线性积分方程,利用变分方法来建立反演方程.在反演迭代过程中,非均匀背景介质中的格林函数无须更新,与变形玻昂迭代法(DBIM)相比其计算复杂性大大降低.文中仅利用沿井轴的AIT响应对地层电导率进行反演,其结果表明,反演结果与真实地层电导率分布吻合的较好.