穿透性角膜移植手术治疗棘阿米巴性角膜炎的临床研究

目的分析棘阿米巴性角膜炎临床病程及诊断要点,评价角膜移植手术的介入时机及疗效。方法回顾性研究2005年6月至2009年12月确诊为棘阿米巴性角膜炎患者9例,均接受穿透性角膜移植术,病变角膜HE染色明确病变性质,追踪术后视力变化、植片透明性以及手术后远期疗效。结果 9例患者术前视力中位数为HM,术后末次随访视力中位数为10/200,术后视力与术前视力比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访期内(6～36个月)未见病变复发,植片远期透明率为90%。3例患者随访期间出现眼压升高,予降眼压药物后控制;3例患者早期发生前房出血,予止血药物,1例出血多需行前房冲洗。1例患者行再次穿透性角膜移植术。结论棘阿米巴角膜溃疡感染临床体征不典型性易导致误诊,药物治疗效果不明显,及早行治疗性角膜移植联合规范抗棘阿米巴药物应用是治疗的关键。     

真菌及阿米巴混合感染性角膜炎临床分析

目的 探讨真菌及棘阿米巴混合感染性角膜炎的发病、临床特征、诊断及其治疗.方法 对2007年7月至2008年12月在福建医科大学附属第一医院确诊的19例真菌及棘阿米巴混合感染性角膜炎进行回顾性临床分析,分析其发病诱因、诊断方法及临床特征,采用抗真菌及阿米巴药物或结膜瓣遮盖术或穿透性角膜移植术进行治疗并观察疗效.结果 19例确诊病例中,14例发病与角膜外伤有关,3例与角膜接触镜相关;所有病例通过角膜刮片镜检,或真菌与阿米巴培养确诊;16例表现为角膜局部溃疡型,3例表现为基质环形浸润;5例经药物治愈,11例经结膜瓣遮盖治愈,2例行穿透性角膜移植术(PKP).结论 真菌及棘阿米巴混合感染性角膜炎的发病诱因以角膜外伤为主,角膜刮片镜检是早期诊断的有效方法,综合药物和手术治疗对感染的控制具有重要意义.     

棘阿米巴性角膜炎行角膜移植术的临床观察

目的 回顾性分析13例棘阿米巴性角膜溃疡行角膜移植手术治疗的临床效果.方法 临床诊断棘阿米巴性角膜炎患者13例,其中6例行板层角膜移植术,7例行穿透性角膜移植术,术后继续应用抗阿米巴药物1～3个月.结果 术后随访6个月至2年,感染均得到控制.术后视力情况,LK术后指数的1例,0.02 ～ 0.1的3例,0.12～0.3的2例,PK术后小于0.02的3例,0.02～0.1的2例,0.12～0.3的2例.结论 棘阿米巴性角膜炎在药物不能控制的情况下,行角膜移植术可有效控制炎症,根据病灶的深度合理选择术式,术后可获得良好的治疗效果.同时术后辅以抗阿米巴药物的治疗可以起到辅助治疗的目的.     

单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎角膜组织病毒潜伏感染的PCR检测分析

 目的  探讨通过穿透性角膜移植获取的单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎病变角膜组织中1型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）DNA的表达情况及意义。设计 实验研究。研究对象  2010年5-12月北京同仁医院因病毒性角膜炎角膜白斑行穿透性角膜移植术后角膜标本20例,圆锥角膜、大泡性角膜病变和角膜营养不良等非感染性角膜病变的角膜标本20例。方法  对角膜组织标本中HSV-1 DNA进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测。 主要指标  HSV-1 DNA的阳性率。结果  单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎静止期患者角膜组织中12/20例（60%）检出HSV-1 DNA,非感染性角膜组织中6/20例（30%）检出HSV-1 DNA（χ2=3.64,P=0.057）。结论  单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎静止期角膜组织多数表达HSV-1 DNA,角膜内潜伏病毒是引起单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的可能原因,正常人角膜也可能有HSV-1的DNA存在。（眼科,2013,22：45-48）     

角膜表面镜片术建立兔棘阿米巴角膜炎模型

目的建立一种理想的模拟临床人角膜棘阿米巴感染的动物模型,并对其角膜组织损伤的临床表现和组织病理学改变进行观察。方法20只新西兰大白兔利用角膜表面镜片术建立棘阿米巴角膜炎的动物模型,在角膜植片内皮面作#形划痕,用10-0尼龙缝线将其固定于受体角膜上,将棘阿米巴滋养体混悬液注入植片与植床间,建立棘阿米巴角膜炎模型,右眼为实验眼,左眼为对照眼;并在接种后第1天、第3天、第5天、第7天、第9天、第14天、第28天行裂隙灯显微镜检查及临床评分、角膜刮片湿封片镜检、角膜组织病理检查及培养。结果应用角膜表面镜片术成功建立兔眼棘阿米巴性角膜炎的动物模型,并经角膜刮片及培养、组织病理切片染色检查证实。实验眼角膜出现水肿,基质环形浸润,角膜新生血管等表现,对照眼均未见感染;实验眼病理组织切片上可见基质层内的棘阿米巴滋养体或包囊,伴有中性粒细胞、单核巨噬细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞等浸润。结论应用角膜表面镜片术建立的兔棘阿米巴角膜炎动物模型模拟了临床人角膜棘阿米巴感染过程,为研究棘阿米巴角膜炎的发病机制及临床治疗奠定了可靠的实验基础。     

角膜塑形术致感染性角膜溃疡的临床分析

目的分析总结16例角膜塑形术(orthokeratology,OK)镜治疗过程中发生的绿脓杆菌、真菌和棘阿米巴性角膜溃疡的临床过程、治疗经过及转归.方法根据感染病原微生物的不同,用微生物学方法对16例行OK镜治疗致角膜溃疡患者进行检测,采取不同的敏感药物治疗,对9例角膜感染严重、药物治疗不能控制或濒于穿孔的患者,行板层或穿透性角膜移植术.总结并分析其临床转归及治疗效果.结果 16例中,角膜刮片细长杆菌7例,棘阿米巴7例,真菌1例,未检出1例.角膜溃疡刮片培养铜绿假单胞菌7例,棘阿米巴7例,真菌1例,未检出致病菌者1例.治疗药物治疗7例,板层角膜移植术6例,穿透性角膜移植术3例.治疗后视力＞0.1者7例,0.02～0.1者4例, ＜0.02者5例.结论感染性角膜溃疡是OK治疗近视最严重的并发症,应积极抗感染治疗,必要时应及时行角膜移植术.虽然最终感染可得以控制,但明显损害患者视力.     

穿透性角膜移植治疗棘阿米巴角膜炎的临床研究

目的　探讨术前诊断和围手术期药物治疗等因素对穿透性角膜移植治疗严重棘阿米巴角膜炎术后复发的影响。方法　对 1996～ 2 0 0 2年诊治的 18例棘阿米巴角膜炎患者进行临床分析 ,术前确诊 12例 ,误诊 6例 ,角膜感染直径均大于 7mm。治疗过程中 18例患者均因病情加重而行穿透性角膜移植术 (PKP)。术后依据术前诊断 ,确诊者继续给予抗阿米巴药物治疗 ,而误诊者继续术前的抗病毒、真菌及细菌治疗。 7例患者 (确诊 2例 ,误诊为病毒性角膜炎 3例 ,细菌性角膜炎 2例 )在术后早期接受全身和局部的糖皮质类激素药物治疗。对诊断的准确性和术后早期持续使用 (>7d)糖皮质激素两个因素与术后复发情况进行病例 对照研究 ,计算其比数比。结果　随访时间平均 10个月 ,13例 (72 % )患者未见复发 ,其中术前确诊 11例 ,误诊 2例 ;5例 (2 8% )患者术后复发。 7例患者术后接受了持续糖皮质激素治疗 ,其中 4例复发。计算误诊和术后早期持续使用糖皮质激素两种影响因素对复发的影响的比数比分别为 2 2 (P =0 0 2 1)和 13(P =0 0 4 7)。结论　PKP是治疗药物不能控制的严重棘阿米巴角膜炎的有效方法。术前明确诊断、围手术期抗阿米巴治疗及早期避免持续使用糖皮质激素可降低棘阿米巴角膜炎术后的复发率。 (中华眼科杂志 ,2 0     

316例施行角膜移植术原因的调查分析

目的分析施行角膜移植术的原因。方法对2006至2008年我院进行的角膜移植术316例（316眼）进行回顾性分析。将施行角膜移植术的原因加以分类。结果施行角膜移植术的主要原因依次是感染性（化脓性）角膜炎126例、角膜白斑75例、圆锥角膜36例、单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎（HSK）21例、化学烧伤16例、遗传相关的角膜营养不良和角膜变性15例、角膜植片排斥13例、大泡性角膜病变6例、角膜皮样瘤4例、角膜穿孔伤4例（4眼）。结论感染性角膜病仍然是角膜移植术的主要适应证,其中真菌感染为首位病因。角膜白斑和圆锥角膜呈上升趋势。     

穿透性角膜移植术治疗内眼术后大泡性角膜病变

目的：评价穿透性角膜移植术治疗内眼术后大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效。方法：我们对因内眼术后发生大泡性角膜病变的11例病人进行回顾性研究，其中9例行穿透性角膜移植术，1例行穿透性角膜移植术联合白内障囊外摘除、后房型人工晶体植入术，1例行带环形板层巩膜瓣的全角膜移植术。观察术后视力及植片情况。结果：随访4～36个月，平均16．6个月，眼部刺激症状均缓解，术后视力提高10眼，视力无改变1眼；术后9例角膜植片透明，2例再次行穿透性角膜移植术联合小梁切除术。结论：穿透性角膜移植术是治疗大泡性角膜病变的有效方法，不但缓解症状且能不同程度提高视力。     

棘阿米巴性角膜炎的手术治疗进展

棘阿米巴性角膜炎是由棘阿米巴原虫感染引起的慢性、进行性、疼痛性角膜溃疡,也是一种严重的致盲性眼病.棘阿米巴性角膜炎与配戴角膜接触镜、接触污染的水源和角膜外伤等有关.对棘阿米巴性角膜炎目前治疗以药物为主,药物治疗无效时应及时给予手术治疗.角膜病灶切除及局部烧灼、角膜病灶切除联合球结膜瓣遮盖术或羊膜移植术、角膜移植术等治疗方法在临床均有应用,新兴的角膜胶原交联治疗的临床应用更为棘阿米巴性角膜炎的治愈提供了新的希望.     

Trends in the indications for penetrating keratoplasty in Shandong,2005-2010

AIM:To identify the current indications and the trend shifts for penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) in Shandong.METHODS:The medical charts of all patients who underwent PKP at Shandong Eye Institute from June 1,2005 to May 31,2010 were analysed retrospectively.RESULTS:A total of 875 patients(875 eyes) received PKP in this 5-year period,accounting for 61.6% of all corneal transplantation surgeries.The leading indications for PKP were infectious keratitis(37.1%),HSK(19.1%),keratoconus(11.2%),bullous keratopathy(8.5%),regrafting(6.7%) and corneal scarring(4.8%).The percentage of PKP for keratoconus declined year by year,whereas the percentage of bullous keratopathy had a mild annual increase.Fungal infections accounted for 65.2% of the infectious keratitis cases,remaining the leading cause of corneal infection.In addition,54.1% of bullous keratopathy cases were associated with cataract surgery.The leading initial diagnoses associated with regrafting were infectious keratitis(38.9%),HSK(18.6%) and corneal burn(16.9%).The major causes of regrafting included graft endothelial dysfunction(39.0%),graft ulcer(28.8%) and primary disease recurrence(15.3%).CONCLUSION:Infectious keratitis remained the leading indication for PKP in Shandong,and fungal infections were still the major cause of corneal infections.There was an increasing trend in the percentage of PKP cases indicated for bullous keratopathy but a decline in the same for keratoconus.Even with a decline in the overall proportion among all corneal transplantation surgeries,PKP is still the major corneal transplant choice in Shandong.     

Trends in the indications for penetrating keratoplasty in Shandong, 2005-2010

AIM: To identify the current indications and the trend shifts for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in Shandong. METHODS: The medical charts of all patients who underwent PKP at Shandong Eye Institute from June 1, 2005 to May 31, 2010 were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 875 patients (875 eyes) received PKP in this 5-year period, accounting for 61.6% of all corneal transplantation surgeries. The leading indications for PKP were infectious keratitis (37.1%), HSK (19.1%), keratoconus (11.2%), bullous keratopathy (8.5%), regrafting (6.7%) and corneal scarring (4.8%). The percentage of PKP for keratoconus declined year by year, whereas the percentage of bullous keratopathy had a mild annual increase. Fungal infections accounted for 65.2% of the infectious keratitis cases, remaining the leading cause of corneal infection. In addition, 54.1% of bullous keratopathy cases were associated with cataract surgery. The leading initial diagnoses associated with regrafting were infectious keratitis (38.9%), HSK (18.6%) and corneal burn (16.9%). The major causes of regrafting included graft endothelial dysfunction (39.0%), graft ulcer (28.8%) and primary disease recurrence (15.3%). CONCLUSION: Infectious keratitis remained the leading indication for PKP in Shandong, and fungal infections were still the major cause of corneal infections. There was an increasing trend in the percentage of PKP cases indicated for bullous keratopathy but a decline in the same for keratoconus. Even with a decline in the overall proportion among all corneal transplantation surgeries, PKP is still the major corneal transplant choice in Shandong.     

Indications for penetrating keratoplasty in north China

PURPOSE: To analyze leading indications for penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in north China and changing trends in them. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent PKP at Shandong Eye Institute from January 1997 to December 2002. Infectious keratitis (fungal, bacterial, and acanthamoeba), herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), corneal scarring, keratoconus, bullous keratopathy, regrafting, corneal dystrophy and degeneration, and others were included in the indications for PKP. Initial diagnoses and causes of regrafting were recorded, as well as the related intraocular surgeries for bullous keratopathy. RESULTS: A total of 1702 patients (1702 eyes) were included in this study. The leading indications for PKP were infectious keratitis (31%), followed by HSK (18%), corneal scarring (16%), keratoconus (13%), bullous keratopathy (7%), regrafting (5%), and corneal dystrophy and degeneration (4%). Percentage of PKP for keratoconus and bullous keratopathy increased significantly during the 6 years, contrary to HSK and corneal scarring. Fungal infections accounted for 66% of infectious keratitis. Of 118 bullous keratopathy cases, 90 (76%) were associated with cataract surgery. The leading initial diagnoses of regrafting were corneal burns (25%), HSK (23%), and infectious keratitis (14%); the major causes included immune rejection (61%), graft infection (14%), and recurrence of HSK (10%). CONCLUSIONS: Infectious keratitis remains the most common indication for PKP in north China. Moreover, there is an increasing trend in the percentage of PKP for keratoconus and bullous keratopathy.     

1997至2002年山东省眼科研究所穿透性角膜移植术的原因分析

目的 探讨1997至2002年山东省眼科研究所6年间行穿透性角膜移植术（PKP）的原因及其变化。方法 对1997年1月至2002年12月山东省眼科研究所的所有PKP病例进行回顾性调查,将PKP的原因分为10类：化脓性角膜炎、单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎、圆锥角膜、大泡性角膜病变、角膜白斑、角膜破裂伤、角膜烧伤、再次PKP、遗传相关的角膜营养不良和角膜变性及其他。并且记录化脓性角膜炎的病原菌,大泡性角膜病变的病因,再次PKP的原发病和再次手术的原因。分析6年间PKP的原因及其变化情况。结果 共调查1702例PKP患者。PKP的原因依次是化脓性角膜炎542例（31．9％）、单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎299例（17．6％）、圆锥角膜219例（12．9％）、角膜白斑164例（9．6％）、大泡性角膜病变118例（6．9％）、角膜破裂伤105例（6．2％）、再次PKP77例（4．5％）、角膜烧伤70例（4．1％）、遗传相关的角膜营养不良和角膜变性67例（3．9％）及其他41例（2．4％）。圆锥角膜（χ^2=26．399,P〈0．001）和大泡性角膜病变（χ^2=11．4229,P〈0．001）所占比例呈明显上升趋势,其他原因则无明显变化。化脓性角膜炎中真菌感染居首位（65．9％）,6年来各病原菌所占比例无明显变化。多数大泡性角膜病变患者有内眼手术史,其中白内障手术最常见（76．3％）。再次PKP的原发病以角膜烧伤（24．7％）、单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎（23．4％）及化脓性角膜炎（14．3％）为主,再次手术的原因主要是免疫排斥（61．0％）、植片感染（14．3％）及单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎复发（10．4％）。结论 感染性角膜病仍然是PKP的主要适应证,其中真菌感染为首位病因。圆锥角膜和大泡性角膜病变均呈明显上升趋势。（中华眼科杂志,2006,42：704-708）     

2000至2009年角膜移植手术适应证变化趋势的研究

目的 探讨2000至2009年山东省眼科研究所青岛眼科医院开展角膜移植手术的手术适应证,并比较前5年与后5年手术适应证的变化.方法 对2000年1月至2009年12月山东省眼科研究所青岛眼科医院行角膜移植手术病例的资料进行回顾性调查.2000至2009年角膜移植术3649例(3741只眼)资料完整,其中男性2518例(2582只眼),女性1131例(1159只眼);穿透性角膜移植术(PKP)2594例(2667只眼),板层角膜移植术(LKP)1055例(1074只眼).分析2000至2004、2005至2009年2个时间段角膜移植手术的适应证及其变化.结果 前5年PKP适应证依次为化脓性角膜炎(440例,442只眼)、圆锥角膜(241例,274只眼)、病毒性角膜炎(229例,229只眼),LKP适应证依次为化脓性角膜炎(221例,221只眼)、角膜烧伤(包括角膜化学伤和热烫伤;106例,106只眼)、其他原因(包括泡性角膜炎、角膜基质炎等;79例,79只眼),PKP(1352只眼)与LKP(548只眼)之比为2.5∶1.0.后5年PKP适应证依次为化脓性角膜炎(330例,330只眼)、病毒性角膜炎(124例,124只眼)、圆锥角膜(99例,105只眼),LKP适应证依次为化脓性角膜炎(230例,236只眼)、圆锥角膜(97例,101只眼)、角膜营养不良和角膜变性(42例,49只眼),PKP(876只眼)与LKP(508只眼)之比为1.7∶1.0.结论 化脓性角膜炎是角膜移植手术的主要适应证,LKP术式的选择明显增加,已成为化脓性角膜炎、圆锥角膜的首选手术方式.

Abstract：

Objective To analyzed retrospectively the indications of corneal transplantations,including penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) , lamellar keratoplasty (LKP) and corneal transplantation combined with anterior and posterior segment surgery in Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute. And compare the changes of the indications between the first five years and the last five years. Methods The patients who received PKP, LKP and corneal transplantation combined with anterior and posterior segment surgeries in Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute between January 2000 and December 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. From 2000 to 2009, 3649 cases(3741 eyes)of corneal transplantations have complete data,including male 2518 cases(2582 eyes) ,female 1131 cases (1159 eyes) ;PKP 2594 cases (2667 eyes) ,LKP 1055 cases (1074 eyes). Compare and analysis the indications and its changes between 2000 -2004and 2005 - 2009 two periods . Results During the first period, the leading indications for PKP, in order of decreasing frequency, were purulent keratitis (440 cases, 442 eyes) , keratoconus (241 cases, 274 eyes) ,herpes simplex keratitis ( HSK) (229 cases, 229 eyes) , the leading indications for LKP were purulent keratitis (221 cases, 221 eyes), corneal burn (including thermal and chemical burn) (106 cases, 106eyes) , others (mainly refers to the phlyctenular keratitis, interstitial keratitis, et al) (79 cases, 79 eyes) ,the ratio of PKP and LKP is 2. 5 to 1. 0. During the second period the leading indications for PKP, in order of decreasing frequency, were purulent keratitis (330 cases, 330 eyes), HSK (124 cases, 124 eyes),keratoconus (99 cases, 105 eyes), the leading indications for LKP were purulent keratitis (230 cases,236 eyes) , keratoconus(97 cases, 101 eyes) , corneal dystrophy and degeneration (42 cases, 49 eyes) ,the ratio of PKP and LKP is 1.7 to 1. 0. Conclusions Purulent keratitis is the main indication of corneal transplantion, the choice of LKP significantly increase. LKP has become the first surgical choice of purulent keratitis and keratoconus.     

单纯疱疹性角膜炎活动期行穿透性角膜移植术的疗效评价

目的 评价复发型单纯疱疹性角膜炎（herpes simplex keratitis,HSK)基质型活动期行穿透性角移植术的治疗效果。方法 对66例（66只眼）HSK基质型活动期患者行穿透性角膜移植术（penetrating keratoplasty,PKP),并与同期59例（59只眼）HSK基质型稳定期的PKP术后患者的疗效进行对比。结果 两组HSK患者术后角膜植片透明率、原发病复发率及视力间比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论 HSK基质型活动期行PKP术,只要术前和术中处理得当,不仅可缩短病程和减少并发症,而且还能取得与HSK基质型稳定期行PKP手术同样的疗效。     

板层角膜移植术治疗基质型活动期单纯疱疹性角膜炎的临床价值

客观评估板层角膜移植术 (Lamellarkeratoplasty ,LKP)治疗基质型活动期单纯疱疹性角膜炎 (herpessimplexkeratitis ,HSK)的临床价值。方法 :对 71例 ( 71只眼 )HSK基质型活动期患者分两组 ,一组 ( 33例 )行LKP ,另一组 ( 38例 )行穿透性角膜移植术 (pene tratingkeratoplasty ,PKP) ,比较两组病人术后的疗效与并发症。结果 :LKP组术后在视力、角膜移植片排斥反应发生率、原发病复发率与内眼手术并发症发生率等方面均明显优于PKP组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :在适应症范围内 ,成功的LKP具有清除病灶彻底、排斥反应发生率低、无内眼手术并发症等优点 ,是治疗基质型活动期HSK的理想方法。     

青光眼睫状体炎综合征误诊误治临床分析

目的探讨青光眼睫状体炎综合征误诊误治的原因。方法收集1999年8月~2004年7月我院门诊确诊的25例(25只眼)青光眼睫状体炎综合征患者,总结患者在外院误诊误治情况并进行回顾性临床分析。结果25例(25只眼)青光眼睫状体炎综合征在外院被误诊原发性青光眼14例(14只眼),占56%;虹膜睫状体炎7例(7只眼),占28%;疱疹性葡萄膜炎2例(2只眼),占8%;中间葡萄膜炎1例(1只眼),占4%;Fuchs虹膜异色性葡萄膜炎1例(1只眼),占4%。在治疗方面均与青光眼睫状体炎综合征治疗原则不相符合,其中9例(36%)在外院施行了抗青光眼滤过手术。结论青光眼睫状体炎综合征在临床上误诊误治普遍存在,首先它容易被误诊为原发性青光眼和虹膜睫状体炎,其次为疱疹性葡萄膜炎、中间葡萄膜炎和Fuchs虹膜异色性葡萄膜炎。应重视青光眼睫状体炎综合征的诊断与治疗,注意与上述眼病鉴别,减少对青光眼睫状体炎综合征的误诊误治。     

Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1, 2 and varicella zoster virus DNA in recipient corneal buttons

AIM: To study the value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, to detect viral DNA in recipient corneal buttons taken at the time of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in patients with an initial diagnosis of herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). Since HSK has a tendency to recur, an accurate diagnosis of previous HSK could be the reason to start antiviral treatment immediately, thereby possibly decreasing the number of graft failures due to recurrent herpetic keratitis. METHODS: Recipient corneal buttons and aqueous humour (AH) samples were obtained at the time of PKP from HSK patients (n=31) and from other patients (n=78). Eye bank corneas were also used (n=23). Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection were assessed by PCR and antibody detection. RESULTS: The clinical diagnosis HSK could be confirmed by PCR for HSV-1 in 10/31 (32%). In these corneal buttons HSV-2 DNA was detected in 1/31 (3%) and VZV DNA in 6/31 (19%). Intraocular anti-HSV antibody production was detected in 9/28 AH samples tested (32%). In the other patient derived corneas HSV-1 DNA was detected in 13/78 (17%), including eight failed corneal grafts without clinically obvious herpetic keratitis in the medical history. In clear eye bank corneas HSV-1 was detected in 1/23 (4%). CONCLUSIONS: PCR of HSV-1 on corneal buttons can be a useful diagnostic tool in addition to detection of intraocular anti-HSV antibody production. Furthermore, the results were suggestive for the involvement of corneal HSV infection during allograft failure of corneas without previous clinical characteristic signs of herpetic keratitis.     

干眼症误诊临床分析

目的：分析干眼症的误诊原因,探讨防止误诊的措施。方法：对178例干眼症误诊进行回顾性临床分析,以干眼症的三项检查结果（泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光素染色）为诊断标准。结果：误诊疾病包括流行性角结膜炎、病毒性角膜炎、点状角膜炎、慢性结膜炎;误诊时间1个月－3年8个月;误诊原因为忽视干眼症的临床特点和对其病情缺乏全面系统分析。结论：症状是干眼症诊断的重要依据,结合传统的干眼症诊断试验检查可减少其误诊的发生。