共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
鸡皮明胶的提取工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文主要研究了酸法提取鸡皮明胶的工艺条件。通过单因素和正交试验设计确定提取鸡皮明胶的优化工艺条件,结果表明,盐酸浓度3.0%、浸酸温度28℃、提胶料液比1∶5、提胶pH值为3的提取效果最佳,明胶提取率为9.47%。 相似文献
5.
Optimization of Gelatin Extraction from Silver Carp Skin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT: Fish skins are a by-product of the fish processing industry that can be successfully processed into gelatin. This study was designed to optimize the extraction process to obtain the highest yield, gel strength, and viscosity for gelatin production from silver carp skin. A fractional factorial design (2 levels, resolution III, 29-5 ) was chosen to screen 9 parameters to determine the most significant ones. Those found to be significant were optimized to determine the maximum value for 3 dependent variables mentioned above. The hydroxyproline content and hydroxyproline/protein ratio of the skin were 1.7% and 6.5%, respectively. The protein content of the skin was 26%. The hydroxyproline content of the gelatin for the sample giving the highest hydroxyproline/protein ratio was 10.9%. This sample was arbitrarily called pure gelatin and the purity of the remaining samples was between 71.8% and 97%. The highest protein and gelatin recovery was 78.1% and 98.8% of the total available, respectively. The latter, gelatin recovery, is proposed to be used instead of protein yield. Four variables were determined as significant in screening and these variables were studied by a central composite rotatable design (4-factor and 5-level with 6 central points) to model the system and response surface methodology was used for optimization. The optimum extraction conditions were 50 °C for the extraction temperature, 0.1 N HCl for the acid concentration, 45 min for the acid pretreatment time, and finally 4 : 1 (v/w) for the water/skin ratio. The predicted responses for these extraction conditions were 630 g gel strength, 6.3 cP viscosity, and 80.8% gelatin recovery. The data suggest that silver carp skin gelatin is similar to those of fish gelatins currently being exploited commercially. 相似文献
6.
从鸡骨中制取明胶的加工工艺 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:11
以鸡腿骨为原料 ,采用碱法 (浸灰法 )制备鸡骨明胶。探讨了浸灰过程Ca(OH) 2 浓度、温度、浸灰时间对明胶提取率、明胶粘度和胶凝性的影响 ,同时优化提取工艺条件。试验表明 :明胶最佳提取条件为温度 70℃ ,pH 5。采用方差和响应面分析优化浸灰工艺条件为 :Ca(OH) 2 质量分数 0 1 % ,温度 1 0℃ ,浸灰时间 6d。浸灰处理可以去除杂蛋白 ,使明胶纯度有所提高 ,粘度和冻力都有所上升 相似文献
7.
以鲑鱼皮为原料,采用酸浸-水提法提取明胶,通过氨基酸分析以及紫外吸收光谱等方法分析明胶的理化性质。结果显示:明胶提取率为60.46%,纯度为83.92%,紫外最大吸收波长为233 nm,氨基酸组成符合明胶的特性。为得到低相对分子质量胶原蛋白肽,选用木瓜蛋白酶对明胶进行水解,系统考察水解时间、加酶量(质量分数)、底物质量分数、pH、温度对水解率的影响,并通过正交实验对各影响因素进行优化,确定最优酶解条件。结果表明:水解时间2.5 h,加酶量7%,底物质量分数10%,酶解温度55℃,pH 8.0,该工艺条件下水解度为12.65%。制备的胶原蛋白肽相对分子质量小,其中低于1 000的占91.5%。 相似文献
8.
Gelatin from cod skins as affected by chemical treatments 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Concentrations of sodium hydroxide, sulfuric and citric acids used in processing gelatin from cod skins affected both yield and quality. The highest yield of gelatin was obtained when low concentrations [0.1–0.2% (w/v)] of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide were applied to the skins followed by treatment with 0.7% (w/v) citric acid. The effects on bloom value, viscosity, odor, clarity, color and pH of the gelatin varied. However, the use of 0.7% (w/v) citric acid in different combinations with sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid usually gave best results. Freezedried gelatin had considerably higher bloom value than air-dried gelatin. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
利用Alcalase 2.4L酶解鱼鳞明胶制备具有血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)抑制活性的降血压肽,通过超滤处理富集得到具有较高活性的ACE抑制肽,并对该组分进行分子量分布、氨基酸组成分析及抗消化性研究。结果表明:水解明胶6 h所得水解物的ACE抑制活性最高,其IC50为0.56 mg/mL,水解度为15.54%;超滤膜处理分离后,分子量小于5 kDa的多肽组分Ⅱ的ACE抑制活性最高,其回收率达90%以上;多肽中对ACE抑制活性贡献大的脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸、色氨酸等疏水性氨基酸的保存率高;体外消化实验显示,该抑制肽在胃肠道消化酶作用下能保持较好的ACE抑制活性。 相似文献
16.
为了研究不同类型阿胶制品中典型明胶的来源,本文选取9种市面上常见的阿胶制品(阿胶糕、阿胶口服液和阿胶颗粒各3种)为研究对象,分别添加质量分数为1%的牛明胶和猪明胶,采用高效液相色谱-高分辨率质谱联用技术(high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)鉴定这9种阿胶制品中典型明胶的特征性多肽。结果表明,不同数量的典型明胶特征性多肽被检出于9种阿胶制品。进一步分析发现,所有阿胶制品共有的阿胶、牛明胶、猪明胶的特征性多肽分别为25、3、14条,其中,未经修饰的特征性多肽依次为7、2、3条。在上述共有特征性多肽中,源自α1链的分别有22、2、5条,源自α2链的分别为3、1、9条。这些共有特征性多肽可作为HPLC-MS/MS鉴定复杂体系中明胶源的依据,对不同阿胶制品中明胶来源的鉴定具有指导意义。 相似文献
17.
18.
以罗非鱼鱼鳞为原料,对热水法提取罗非鱼鱼鳞胶工艺进行研究。实验将粉碎后的干鱼鳞直接采用热水提取,对提取条件(温度、料液比、时间)进行优化。确定热水提取法最佳条件:料液比为1∶30(g/mL)、提取温度为85℃、提取时间为6 h,此时可得到较大提取率38.29%。同时,以罗非鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白和壳聚糖为原料制备复合膜,测定了共混膜的力学性能,结果表明:复合膜的最佳组成是2%壳聚糖溶液与6%胶原蛋白溶液的体积比为1∶1,甘油浓度为25%。复合膜拉伸强度厚度约为35μm~50μm,拉伸强度达到14.45 MPa,断裂伸长率为39.82%。可替代塑料膜或塑料袋用作可食用、可降解的食品内包装膜,也用于豆奶粉、茶叶、方便面调味料的包装。 相似文献
19.
作者采用酶法制备明胶。以罗非鱼骨为提取明胶的原料,优化了鱼骨的盐酸脱盐工艺和脱盐骨素利用木瓜蛋白酶酶解工艺。研究结果表明,盐酸脱盐条件为:鱼骨用0.6 mol/L盐酸脱盐,液料比为5 mL/g,浸酸时间为6 h,期间每隔1.5 h换酸一次;木瓜蛋白酶预处理工艺最优条件为:温度为46.5℃,pH 5.3,反应时间为72 min,液料比为3 mL/g,酶的添加量为2 480 U/g(鱼骨)。经过提胶,得到了质量和产率都较高的明胶产品。酶法制取明胶减少了工业废水的产生,缩短了生产周期,并为罗非鱼的综合利用提供了新途径。 相似文献
20.
研究了酶法制备的草鱼鱼鳞明胶的理化性质,并将其与哺乳动物明胶的性质作了比较。研究发现,草鱼鱼鳞明胶中富含甘氨酸、脯氨酸、羟脯氨酸和丙氨酸,而亚氨基酸、总疏水性氨基酸的含量以及平均疏水性值要小于哺乳动物明胶;分子质量分布主要以α组分和β组分为主,占明胶分子总量的88%;胶凝温度和熔化温度分别为20.8℃和26.9℃,低于哺乳动物明胶;特性黏度约为0.73;表面疏水性指数为259.59,有较好的乳化性和起泡性。此外发现,明胶的高凝胶强度和胶凝速度主要取决于明胶(α+β)组分的含量,而明胶胶凝和熔化温度则主要取决于亚氨基酸的含量,不同来源明胶的特性黏度η仅与其α组分(α1+α2)的含量存在线性相关。 相似文献