| 我国秋季降水的年际变化及与热带太平洋海温异常分布的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 顾薇,李维京,陈丽娟,贾小龙.我国秋季降水的年际变化及与热带太平洋海温异常分布的关系[J].气候与环境研究,2012,17(4):467-480. |
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| 作者姓名： | 顾薇 李维京 陈丽娟 贾小龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家气候中心,中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部科技支撑项目2009BAC51B05、2007BAC29B04;公益性行业科研专项GYHY200906015、GYHY201006038 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用我国160个站点58年(1951～2008年)的降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析环流资料和Hadley海表温度资料,对我国秋季降水年际变化的特征和可能成因进行了分析。结果显示,秋季降水前两模态分别反映长江流域及以南地区和长江以北的江淮、黄淮、华北、四川盆地北部至河套等地降水的变化,两降水模态的变化都以年际尺度为主,年代际变化特征不明显。就环流形势而言,第一模态的年际变化主要与西太平洋副热带高压的强度及相应的对流层低层菲律宾群岛附近的异常气旋/反气旋联系紧密,第二模态的年际变化则可能受到副热带高压的南北位置和相应的日本岛附近的异常气旋/反气旋的影响。同时,两模态及相应的异常环流还分别与热带东印度洋和热带西太平洋附近的异常垂直运动关系密切,热带地区的异常垂直运动可能通过经圈方向的异常环流影响到东亚地区。此外,两降水模态不仅与热带地区的异常环流关系密切,而且与热带海温异常也存在紧密的联系。与两模态相关联的热带太平洋海温异常显示出不同的分布特征,当热带东太平洋偏暖/冷,西太平洋偏冷/暖时,长江以南地区降水偏多/少。而当热带东太平洋和中太平洋一致偏暖/冷时,长江以北地区降水易偏少/多。两降水模态与热带海温及热带地区异常环流之间的密切关系显示热带太平洋海温异常的不同分布可能通过激发不同的热带地区异常垂直环流形势而对降水产生影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 秋季降水 西太平洋副热带高压 热带垂直环流 热带太平洋海温异常 |
| 收稿时间： | 5/6/2010 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/3/20 0:00:00 |
Interannual Variations of Autumn Precipitation in China and Their Relations to the Distribution of Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature |
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| GU Wei,LI Weijing,CHEN Lijuan and JIA Xiaolong.Interannual Variations of Autumn Precipitation in China and Their Relations to the Distribution of Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2012,17(4):467-480. |
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| Authors: | GU Wei LI Weijing CHEN Lijuan and JIA Xiaolong |
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| Affiliation: | Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | The interannual variations of the autumn precipitation in China and their possible causes are analyzed, using the China precipitation data of 160 stations from 1951 to 2008, the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, and the sea surface temperature data from the Hadley Center. EOF analysis of the autumn precipitation shows that the first EOF mode mainly reflects the precipitation south of the Yangtze River and the second EOF mode depicts the variation of the precipitation north of the Yangtze River. Both of the two principal components (PC) are characterized with distinct interannual variations, and do not exhibit obvious interdecadal characteristics. Analysis of the circulation situation shows that the first PC is mainly related to the strength of the western Pacific subtropical high and the corresponding anomalous cyclone/anti-cyclone over the Philippines. The second PC is closely connected to the northward/southward movement of the western Pacific subtropical high and the anomalous cyclone/anti-cyclone near Japan. Meanwhile, the first and the second PC are also closely related to the anomalous tropical vertical motion near the east Indian Ocean and the western Pacific, respectively. And the anomalous tropical vertical motion may exert an influence on East Asia circulation through the anomalous meridional circulation. Further analysis reveals that besides the tropical circulation, the two PCs are also closely related to the tropical SST anomaly. The first PC is positively correlated to the east tropical Pacific SST anomaly and negatively correlated to the tropical western Pacific, and the second PC is positively related to both the middle and the tropical eastern Pacific. It is therefore indicated that the different distribution of the tropical Pacific SST anomaly may cause the variation of different precipitation mode through different anomalous tropical circulation. |
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| Keywords: | autumn precipitation western Pacific subtropical high tropical circulation tropical Pacific SST anomaly |
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