| 地震活动的随机标度和非线性标度律 |
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| 引用本文： | 小山顺二,臧绍先.地震活动的随机标度和非线性标度律[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(1):56-65. |
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| 作者姓名： | 小山顺二 臧绍先 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京大学地球物理系, 北京 100871;
2. 日本东北大学地球物理研究所, 仙台 980 日本 |
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| 摘 要： | 把地震作为一个复杂系统，研究了地震活动的随机性质．当不考虑震级范围时，全球地震活动、人震的余震和区域震群均有以幂次律为特征的长尾现象．地震的强度由震级确定，具有一特定震级的地震可形成一个地震活动系列，很多这样的地震活动系列就形成具有各种震级的地震的集合．不同地震系列间的统计特征由随机标度来表征，随机标度表明了由地震震级分类的不同地震系列间统计时刻的标度关系．为了统一地方、区域和全球地震活动性的统计特性，引入了非线性标度率．
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| 关 键 词： | 随机标度 非线性标度 地震活动 地震活动性 |
| 收稿时间： | 1995-09-04 |
EARTHQUAKE ACTIVITY AS A COMPLEX SYSTEM CHARACTERIZED BY STOCHASTIC SCALING AND NON-LINEAR SCALING LAW |
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| JUNJI KOYAMA,ZANG SHAO-XIAN.EARTHQUAKE ACTIVITY AS A COMPLEX SYSTEM CHARACTERIZED BY STOCHASTIC SCALING AND NON-LINEAR SCALING LAW[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1997,40(1):56-65. |
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| Authors: | JUNJI KOYAMA ZANG SHAO-XIAN |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China;
2. on leave from Geophysical Institute, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 Japan |
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| Abstract: | The randomness of earthquakes sources has been investigated in order to elucidatetheir universal nature as a complex system. The long-tail behavior characterized bythe power law has been pointed out in regional and world-wide seismicities,aftershocks of large earthquakes, and local earthquake swarms. Although earthquakesoccur more or less at random, these long-tail behaviors could not be explained by asimple stochastic process. Since the strength of each earthquake is classified by theearthquake magnitude, a series of an earthquake activity can be selected by a particular value of an earthquake magnitude. Taking another magnitued value, we can deriveanother series of the earthquake activity. Many of these series of the earthquake activity form a cluster of all the earthquakes with different magnitudes. Each series can beregarded as a point process with the same size or energy, because of the narrowrang of magnitude values. The stochastic property among the different seriesof earthquakes is characterized by a stochastic scaling. The stochastic scaling specifiesa scaling relation of statistical moments among different random processes (series ofearthquakes) classified by energy levels of events (earthquake magnitudes). In order tounify statistical properties of local, regional, and global seismicities, a nonlinearscaling law is a new concept to characterize the hierarchy of the complex earthquakeactivity in a general manner. |
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| Keywords: | Stochastic scaling Non-linear scaling Earthquake activity Seismicity |
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