| 我国各省心血管疾病相关健康资源分布评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 姜莹莹,毛凡,张岩,刘静,霍勇,孔灵芝,王临虹,周脉耕.我国各省心血管疾病相关健康资源分布评价[J].疾病监测,2020,35(5):387-393. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姜莹莹 毛凡 张岩 刘静 霍勇 孔灵芝 王临虹 周脉耕 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心，北京 100050 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的评价当前我国各省与人群心血管疾病密切相关的健康资源的分布现状。方法资料与数据来源于中国心血管健康指数（CHI）（2017）研究结果。 选取CHI（2017） 公共卫生政策与服务能力维度的相关指标进行测算和分析全国31个省（自治区、直辖市，不含港澳台地区）的具体情况，并对全国不同地区和分省的公共卫生政策与服务能力CHI得分进行排名比较。 CHI （2017）公共卫生政策与服务能力维度和各指标满分为100分，分数越高说明公共卫生政策与服务能力越好。结果2017年我国心血管病防控领域卫生政策与服务能力的得分平均分为50.96分。 南方地区公共卫生政策与服务能力得分（53.09分）高于北方地区（48.10分）；东部地区得分（60.52分）高于中部地区（41.51分）和西部地区（45.75分）。 上海得分最高（79.54分），其次是北京（77.09分）、江苏（75.62分）、浙江（68.93分）和天津（65.63分）。 黑龙江、山西、贵州、西藏自治区、内蒙古自治区得分较低。 2015年我国心血管疾病费用政府投入占比为29.96%，我国居民健康素养水平为10.25%，配有疾控人员1.39名/万人、全科医生1.37名/万人。 北京、天津、山东、上海和河北降压、降脂、降糖三类药物的每100万人口的消费量较高。 心血管病8类基本药物在基层医疗卫生机构的平均配备率全国平均水平为61.50%。 平均配备率最高为上海（96.95%），其次是北京（89.32%）、江苏（88.53%）、山东（84.20%）和浙江（80.32%）。结论我国区域间心血管防治健康资源分布不均，表现为东部地区优于中部和西部地区、南方优于北方的特点，体现出东部沿海地区公共卫生政策和卫生服务资源优于其他地区的特点。 基本药物在基层医疗机构的配备率和人均全科医生数量与降低心血管疾病负担相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国心血管健康指数 心血管疾病 健康资源 评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-03 |
Evaluation of distribution of cardiovascular disease associated health resources in China |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases and Prevention Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China2.The First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100034, China3.Beijing Institute of Cardiopulmonary and Vascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing 100011, China4.Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing 100009, China |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo evaluate the distribution of health resources related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) at provincial level in China.MethodsThe data for this study were collected from the research of China Cardiovascular Health Index (CHI) in 2017. The indicators of CHI-Public Health Policy and Service Capability were used to evaluate and analyze the specific situation of 31 provinces (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). The full score of the CHI-Public Health Policy is 100. The higher the score is, the better public health policy and service capabilities are.ResultsThe average score of health policy and service capacity in the field of cardiovascular disease prevention and control in 2017 was 50.96. It was 53.09 in southern China, 48.10 in northern China, 60.52 in eastern China, 41.51 in central China and 45.75 in western China. Shanghai had the highest score (79.54), followed by Beijing (77.09), Jiangsu (75.62), Zhejiang (68.93) and Tianjin (65.63). Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Guizhou, Tibet, Inner Mongolia had lower scores. In 2015, government provided 29.96% CVD related expenses. The residents' health literacy level was 10.25%. The numbers of disease control personnel and general practitioners per 10 000 people were 1.39 and 1.37, respectively. Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanghai, and Hebei had higher one million population based consumption for hypertension, hyper lipid, and high blood glucose treatment medicines. The average availability rate of the eight types of essential medicines for cardiovascular diseases in primary health care centers was 61.50%. The availability rate in Shanghai was highest (96.95%), followed by Beijing (89.32%), Jiangsu (88.53%), Shandong (84.20%) and Zhejiang (80.32%).ConclusionThere was an uneven distribution of cardiovascular disease health resources at provincial level in China, characterized by better health policy and health resource distribution in eastern and southern areas than central, western, and northern areas. The availability of essential CVD medicines in primary care centers and the number of general practitioners per capita might be associated with a reduction of the burden of cardiovascular disease. |
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