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好氧反硝化菌的研究进展
引用本文:王薇,蔡祖聪,钟文辉,王国祥.好氧反硝化菌的研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(11):2618-2625.
作者姓名:王薇  蔡祖聪  钟文辉  王国祥
作者单位:1. 南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京,210097
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京,210008
3. 南京师范大学化学与环境科学学院,南京,210097
4. 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京,210097
基金项目:国家自然科学基金;国家重点实验室基金;国家计委、教育部科技创新工程重大项目培育基金;江苏省重点科技专项资助
摘    要:综述了好氧反硝化菌的种类和特性、好氧反硝化菌的反硝化作用机制和影响因素.好氧反硝化菌主要包括假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes)、副球菌属(Para-coccus)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)等,属好氧或兼性好氧异养微生物.好氧反硝化菌能在好氧条件下进行反硝化,其主要产物是N2O,并可将铵态氮直接转化成气态产物.催化好氧反硝化菌反硝化作用的硝酸盐还原酶是周质酶而不是膜结合酶.溶解氧和C/N往往是影响好氧反硝化菌反硝化作用的主要因素.介绍了间歇曝气法、选择性培养基法等好氧反硝化菌的主要分离筛选方法.概述了好氧反硝化菌在水产养殖、废水生物处理、降解有机污染物以及对土壤氮素损失的影响方面的研究进展.

关 键 词:好氧反硝化菌  作用机制  好氧反硝化酶  溶解氧
文章编号:1001-9332(2007)11-2618-08
修稿时间:2006-10-25

Research advances in aerobic denitrifiers
WANG Wei,CAI Zu-cong,ZHONG Wen-hui,WANG Guo-xiang.Research advances in aerobic denitrifiers[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(11):2618-2625.
Authors:WANG Wei  CAI Zu-cong  ZHONG Wen-hui  WANG Guo-xiang
Affiliation:1 College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China ; 2 State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 3 College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanfing 210097, China; 4 College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
Abstract:This paper reviewed the varieties and characteristics of aerobic denitrifiers,their action mechanisms,and the factors affecting aerobic denitrification.Aerobic denitrifiers mainly include Pseudomonas,Alcaligenes,Paracoccus and Bacillus,which are either aerobic or facultative aerobic,and heterotrophic.They can denitrify under aerobic conditions,with the main product being N2O.They can also convert NH4 -N to gas product.The nitrate reductase which catalyzes the denitrification is periplasmic nitrate reductase rather than membrane-bound nitrate reductase.Dissolved oxygen concentration and C/N ratio are the main factors affecting aerobic denitrification.The main methods for screening aerobic denitrifiers,such as intermittent aeration and selected culture,were also introduced.The research advances in the application of aerobic denitrifiers in aquaculture,waste water processing,and bio-degradation of organic pollutants,as well as the contributions of aerobic denitrifiers to soil nitrogen emission were summarized.
Keywords:aerobic denitrifier  action mechanism  aerobic denitrifying enzymes  dissolved oxygen
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