| 框式复合型生态浮床对富营养水体浮游植物群落结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘娅琴,邹国燕,宋祥甫,付子轼,潘琦,刘福兴,范洁群.框式复合型生态浮床对富营养水体浮游植物群落结构的影响[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(1):196. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘娅琴 邹国燕 宋祥甫 付子轼 潘琦 刘福兴 范洁群 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海市农业科学院,生态环境保护研究所,上海,201106 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划1863计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 生态浮床作为一种净化富营养化水质、改善水体生态系统的手段已得到国内外水环境工作者广泛关注。浮游植物生物量及群落结构的变化是水体富营养程度的重要表征。利用现场水池实验法,研究了一种沸石吸附和植物吸收协同去除水体氮磷、浮床内有足够水面空间的新型框式复合型生态浮床,与传统聚苯乙烯发泡板生态浮床的水质净化效果及对浮游植物群落结构影响的比较。试验历时2个月,供试水体为河道水体,供试植物为陆生植物旱伞草(Cyperus alternifolius)。试验设空白对照、框式浮床和传统浮床3个处理,每个处理重复3次。每隔2周对各处理水样的理化指标和浮游植物群落进行检测。浮游植物测试结果表明,试验前2周,供试水体由天然河道转入水池,综合环境的骤变导致各处理水体中蓝藻门的颤藻(Oscillatoria Vauch)和螺旋藻(Spirulina Turp.)这2种大型藻类被绿藻门的栅藻(Scenedesmus Mey.)和小球藻(Chlorella Beij.)等小型藻类取代,浮游植物的生物量从20mg/L急剧下降至3mg/L以下。此后,空白对照处理组中浮游植物密度和生物量单峰回升,显著高于2种浮床处理组(P0.05),并表现了框式浮床传统浮床空白对照的顺序。空白对照组中浮游植物在试验开始1.5个月时,暴发了以微囊藻(Microcystis Kütz)为优势种群的水华,其密度和生物量最大值分别为80.22×106ind./L和5.21mg/L,贡献率在90%以上。水质结果显示,与空白对照比较,两种浮床系统对各种形态的N、P均有显著的去除作用(P0.05),NH4-N和TP的去除效率达到了极显著(P0.01)水平,并且框式浮床对N、P的去除效率高于传统浮床。结合浮游植物总生物量与各种形态N、P的正相关关系,尤其是与TP、TDP的显著正相关性(P0.05),推测生态浮床系统对浮游植物的影响可能是通过系统对营养物质的去除来实现的,同时,对P的高效去除也可能是浮床系统抑制蓝藻水华的因素之一。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态浮床 浮游植物 N、P去除 |
EFFECT OF A NEW ECOLOGICAL FLOATING BED SYSTEM(EFBS) ON PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN EUTROPHICATED WATER |
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| LIU Ya-Qin,ZOU Guo-Yan,SONG Xiang-Fu,FU Zi-Shi,PAN Qi,LIU Fu-Xing,FAN Jie-Qun.EFFECT OF A NEW ECOLOGICAL FLOATING BED SYSTEM(EFBS) ON PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN EUTROPHICATED WATER[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2010,34(1):196. |
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| Authors: | LIU Ya-Qin ZOU Guo-Yan SONG Xiang-Fu FU Zi-Shi PAN Qi LIU Fu-Xing FAN Jie-Qun |
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| Affiliation: | LIU Ya-Qin,ZOU Guo-Yan,SONG Xiang-Fu,FU Zi-Shi,PAN Qi,LIU Fu-Xing , FAN Jie-Qun(Institute of Eco-environmental Preservation,Shanghai Agricultural Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201106,P.R.China) |
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| Abstract: | The ecological floating bed system (EFBS), as an effective means to improve the water quality and restore water ecosystem, was widely applied by worldwide scientists. Biomass and the community structure of phytoplankton are important characters of the water eutrophication. The effect of two EFBSs, a new EFBS with sufficient space in surface, equipped with zeolite, and the traditional foam EFBS, on water quality and phytoplankton community was employed to investigate the response of phytoplankton to EFBS during the process of water quality restoration. A terrestrial plant Cyperus alternifolius and the water from a canal nearby were tested in the present study. Treatments included Control with no phytoplankton, the traditional EFBS and the new EFBS. Nutrient concentration in water and phytoplankton were detected at two weeks interval during the two months experimental time. The results showed that after the canal water was transported to the experimental concrete cistern for 2 weeks, Chlorella Beij. and Scenedesmus Mey., which belong to Chlorophyta, came to dominate the phytoplankton population, insteading of Oscillatoria Vauch. and Spirulina Turp., which belong to Cyanophyta due to the habitat alteration. Simultaneously, total biomass of phytoplankton decreased rapidly from 20mg/L to below 3mg/L. At most of the experimental time, the biomass of phytoplankton under both EFBS treatments was significantly lower than that in Control (P<0.05) with a decreasing order of control>traditional EFBS>new EFBS. A water bloom composed of Microcystis Kütz broke out in Control after one and half months and it highest abundance and biomass reached 80.22×106ind./L and 5.21mg/L. Both EFBS could significantly remove all forms of N and P (P<0.05), especially NH4-N and TP (P<0.01) in water, and the new EFBS showed better effect than the traditional EFBS. The positive correlation between phytoplankton biomass and nutrients level, especially with TP (0.579, P<0.05) and TDP (0.611, P<0.05) indicated that EFBS might affect phytoplankton indirectly through removing nutrients from water, and the high efficiency of P removal by EFBS could be the main contribution of EFBS in controlling water bloom. |
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| Keywords: | EFBS Phytoplankton Removal of N P |
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