| 晾制湿度对雪茄烟叶碳氮代谢关键酶活性及品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢绍浩,张嘉雯,赵喆,钟秋,王俊,宋朝鹏,邹宇航,张华述,赵铭钦.晾制湿度对雪茄烟叶碳氮代谢关键酶活性及品质的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2020,26(4):26-34. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢绍浩 张嘉雯 赵喆 钟秋 王俊 宋朝鹏 邹宇航 张华述 赵铭钦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河南农业大学烟草学院，河南 郑州 450002 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司资助项目“四川优质雪茄烟叶调制设施及配套调制技术研究”SCYC201809 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 为调控雪茄烟叶晾制过程中碳氮代谢水平，改善雪茄烟叶质量。 方法 以德雪1号为试验材料，研究了不同晾制湿度条件下雪茄烟叶水分、化学成分、碳氮代谢相关酶活性的变化规律。 结果 1) 不同晾制湿度条件下烟叶中主要化学成分及碳氮代谢相关酶活性变化规律基本一致；2)水分、总糖、还原糖、淀粉、总氮、蛋白质以及质体色素含量呈下降趋势，氨基酸和烟碱含量呈先升高后下降变化，淀粉酶和中性转化酶活性呈单峰变化，但到达峰值的时间略有差异；3)硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性呈下降趋势。4)雪茄烟叶晾制过程湿度控制在凋萎期80%~85%、变黄期75%~80%、变褐期70~75%、定色期65%~70%、干筋期45%~50%范围内，烟叶淀粉酶、转化酶、硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性高，各化学成分含量适宜，整体物理特性和感官质量较好。 结论 在一定范围内通过调控晾制湿度有利于提高烟叶碳氮代谢能力，促进烟叶内含物质转化，改善烟叶内在品质，提高烟叶的可用性。
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| 关 键 词： | 晾制湿度 雪茄烟叶 碳氮代谢 酶活性 化学成分 感官质量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-11-07 |
Effects of air-curing humidity on key enzyme activities related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and quality of cigar tobacco leaves |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China2.Deyang Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province, Deyang 618400, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to regulate the level of carbon and nitrogen metabolism during airing of tobacco leave and improve the quality of cigar tobacco leaves, the changes of water content, chemical composition and the activity of key enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in cigar tobacco leaves were studied by using Dexue No.1 as the test material. The results showed that the changes of the chemical composition and the activity of key enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tobacco leaves were basically the same under different air curing humidity. The contents of water, total sugar, reducing sugar, starch, total nitrogen, protein and plastid pigment showed a downward trend, but the contents of amino acid and nicotine increased first and then decreased. The activity of amylase(AL) and neutral invertase(NI) showed a single peak curve, but the time to peak was slightly different. The activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) showed a downward trend. During air curing of cigar tobacco leaves, when the humidity was controlled within the range of 80%-85% in withering period, 75%-80% in yellowing period, 70%-75% in browning period, 65%-70% in fixing color period and 45%-50% in dry gluten period, the activities of AL, NI, NR and GS were the highest, the chemical components were suitable and the overall physical characteristics and quality were good. Therefore, controlling the air curing humidity within a certain range can improve the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of ciar tobacco leaves, promote conversion of tobacco leaf contents, and improve the quality and availability of cigar tobacco leaves. |
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