| 难处理金矿非氰浸金研究进展 |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾玉娟 王晓辉 程伟 马淑花 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.贵州大学矿业学院, 贵阳 550025 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目51774263国家自然科学基金资助项目51474199 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着黄金需求量的不断增加及易处理金矿资源的日益减少, 难处理金矿逐渐成为黄金产业的主要资源来源.为使难处理金矿能够合理、高效地开发利用, 对难处理金矿进行了简要概述和分类, 并阐述其难处理的原因.采用传统的氰化法浸出难处理金矿, 其浸出效果差, 且氰化物有剧毒, 严重污染环境及危害人体健康.为实现难处理金矿的高效、环保浸出, 非氰化法浸出难处理金矿受到广泛关注.重点介绍了硫代硫酸盐法、硫氰酸盐法、硫脲法、多硫化物及石硫合剂法、液氯化法五种非氰浸金方法的浸金原理及在难处理金矿方面的最新研究进展.基于非氰浸金方法存在的浸出体系复杂、浸出剂性质不稳定及消耗量大等问题, 展望了非氰浸金技术的发展方向.
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| 关 键 词： | 难处理金矿 非氰浸出 硫代硫酸盐法 硫氰酸盐法 硫脲法 多硫化物法 石硫合剂法 液氯化法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-10 |
Research progress on non-cyanide leaching of refractory gold ores |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Mining, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China2.National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgy Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China3.Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | With the increasing demand for gold and the decreasing of easily treated gold resources, refractory gold ores, which are characterized by low gold recovery and high cyanide consumptions when subjected to direct cyanide leaching, have gradually become the main sources of gold. Thus, reasonable exploitation and utilization of refractory gold ores are of great significance to the sustainable development of the gold industry in China. To ensure a reasonable and efficient utilization of refractory gold ores, refractory gold ores were reviewed and classified in this paper, and the difficulties of handling were briefly reviewed. For over one hundred years, cyanidation has been the predominant process of extracting gold from mineral sources. The major reason for adopting cyanide rather than other lixiviants is its higher chemical stability and lower cost. But in recent years, the utilization of the traditional cyanide method to leach gold have been undesirable; this is mainly because the acute toxicity of cyanide can result in environmental pollution and human health hazard. Moreover, leaching of refractory gold ores by traditional cyanidation techniques also results in poor gold recovery. On this basis, non-cyanide lixiviants have attracted considerable attention in the metallurgical industry, and several non-cyanide leaching methods have been proposed for gold extraction because of their non-toxic nature, acceptable gold leaching rates, and high gold recovery. In this paper, the leaching mechanisms and the latest research progress of non-cyanide gold leaching techniques for refractory gold ores, such as leaching processes with thiosulfate, thiocyanate, thiourea, polysulfide, lime-sulfur-synthetic solution (LSSS) and chlorination, were discussed in detail. Then considering features of non-cyanide gold leaching such as a complex leaching system, unstable leaching agents, and large consumption of leaching agents, and development directions of non-cyanide gold leaching technology for refractory gold ores were proposed. |
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