| 基于观测模型量化VOCs对深圳市城区臭氧生成的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张明棣,云龙,李成柳,郭键锋,古添发,魏启兵,李文淑,陈玉茹,许均政,李光程.基于观测模型量化VOCs对深圳市城区臭氧生成的影响[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(11):2599-2608. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张明棣 云龙 李成柳 郭键锋 古添发 魏启兵 李文淑 陈玉茹 许均政 李光程 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.深圳市环境监测中心站, 广东 深圳 518049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目2018YFC0213106 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解挥发性有机物（VOCs）对深圳市城区臭氧（O3）生成的影响，探究O3污染的防控策略，基于莲花站在线观测数据对2018年秋季O3污染过程中VOCs对O3生成影响进行量化研究.在分析O3污染特征的基础上，基于观测的模型分析了O3原位生成特征，识别了影响O3生成的关键VOCs组分，并量化了其对O3生成的影响.结果表明:①深圳市城区秋季O3污染过程具有高温低湿的特征，主导风向主要为持续偏北风影响型、海陆风影响型和无明显主风型，其中海陆风影响型和无明显主风型受传输影响导致φ（O3）在傍晚后呈居高不下的特征.②不同主导风向类型下，深圳市城区O3化学生成的建模结果具有一致性.污染日O3最大小时净生成速率平均值为12.85×10-9 h-1，HO2·+NO和RO2·+NO两种途径对O3生成的贡献率分别为57.9%~60.2%和39.8%~42.1%.③深圳市城区O3生成受VOCs控制，其中植物源ISO（异戊二烯）和人为源VOCs组分中的XYM（间/对-二甲苯）、TOL（甲苯等其他芳香烃）、HC8（高碳数烷烃）、OLT（直链烯烃）是影响O3生成的五大关键组分.④φ（ISO）和φ（AHC）（AHC为人为源VOCs）单独下降20%，φ（O3）小时峰值分别下降6.2%和28.0%，其中AHC组分中以φ（XYM）降低带来的φ（O3）下降效果最显著，降幅为10.1%.研究显示:人为源VOCs组分体积分数的下降对降低φ（O3）有显著效果，建议以二甲苯类物种来源为重要管控对象，特别是机动车排放与溶剂使用源；同时，建议加强醛酮类VOCs的监测与研究，为O3的污染治理及污染源的精细化管控提供依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 基于观测的模型(OBM) 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧(O3)生成 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-11 |
Quantifying Impacts of VOCs on Ozone Formation in Urban Area of Shenzhen Based on Observation-Based Model |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Shenzhen Environment Monitoring Center, Shenzhen 518049, China2.Guangzhou OnePoint Environmental Consultant Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510220, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore the ozone (O3) pollution control strategy in the urban area of Shenzhen, the real-time observation data from an urban air monitoring station (i.e., Lianhua Station) during an O3 pollution period in the fall of 2018 were used to quantify the impacts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on the formation of O3. Based on the measurement results, an observation-based model was used to analyze the in-situ formation characteristics of O3, identify the key VOCs components that affect the formation of O3, and quantify their contributions to the formation of O3. The results show that: (1) The O3 pollution process was related to high temperature and low humidity, and the dominant wind directions were mainly continuous northerly, land-sea type with no prevailing direction. Due to transportation, the O3 concentrations affected by the latter two wind types remained at high levels after sunset. (2) The model simulation results showed that the formation of O3 under the influences of different dominant wind patterns in the urban area of Shenzhen were consistent. During the O3 pollution events, the average value of the maximum hourly net production rate of O3 was 12.85×10-9 h-1, and the contributions of HO2·+NO and RO2·+NO were 57.9%-60.2% and 39.8%-42.1%, respectively. (3) Relative incremental reactivity (RIR) analysis indicates that the formation of O3 in the urban area of Shenzhen was VOCs-limited, and the key components were isoprene (from plant source) and four types of anthropogenic hydrocarbons (i.e., xylene, other aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, high carbon number alkanes and linear olefins. (4) A 20% reduction in the isoprene concentration and anthropogenic hydrocarbon concentrations could reduce the hourly peak concentrations of O3 by 6.2% and 28.0%, respectively. Among the anthropogenic hydrocarbon species, reduction of xylene concentration was the most effective in reducing the hourly peak O3 concentration (i.e., peak O3 decreased by 10.1%). The results of this study show that the reduction of anthropogenic VOCs concentration can significantly reduce O3 levels. We suggest that the sources of xylene species, especially motor vehicle emissions and uses of aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, should be an important control object. We also recommend strengthening the monitoring and research on carbonyl compounds to more effective control O3 pollution. |
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