| 松花江干流PAHs的底泥-水交换行为及时空异质性 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔嵩,付强,李天霄,李一凡,刘毅鑫,吕正律,李鹏程.松花江干流PAHs的底泥-水交换行为及时空异质性[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(4):509-515. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔嵩 付强 李天霄 李一凡 刘毅鑫 吕正律 李鹏程 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.东北农业大学水利与建筑学院, 国际持久性有毒物质联合研究中心, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41401550)；黑龙江省博士后资助项目(LBH-Z13029)；东北农业大学“青年才俊”基金项目(14QC49) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解松花江干流底泥和水体中PAHs(多环芳烃)的环境分布行为,应用逸度方法研究了松花江中PAHs的底泥-水交换行为及时空异质性特征. 结果表明:KOW(辛醇-水分配系数)影响PAHs的底泥-水交换行为,并与底泥-水交换的ff(逸度分数)呈显著负相关(R=-0.801,P=0.000),而ff与PAHs的溶解度则呈正相关(R=0.499,P<0.05)；高环PAHs的底泥-水交换行为受w(OC)变化的影响较为强烈,w(OC)每提高0.10%,2~6环PAHs的ff降低0.7%~11.0%；春季PAHs的底泥-水交换的ff大于夏季. 低环的Nap(萘)表现出明显的由底泥向水体的迁移行为,Phe(菲)和FlA(荧蒽)几乎接近于平衡状态,而高环的BaP(苯并芘)和BgP(苯并苝)则相反. 夏季PAHs的大气传输及本地排放源的沉降,可能为松花江干流PAHs的主要来源；汇入支流的输入可视为主干河流水体中污染物的另一来源. 水体中2~4环PAHs处于中等变异,5~6环PAHs则表现为强变异；底泥中3~4环PAHs处于中等变异,而其他环数PAHs则呈强变异. 从季节性变化来看,夏季底泥中PAHs的CV(变异系数)相对较大,而春季水体中PAHs的CV则略大于夏季. 研究显示,PAHs物理化学性质的差异,水体中悬浮颗粒物和底泥中w(OC),以及外源性PAHs的输入,均会使不同环数PAHs在水体和底泥中的CV产生较大差异.
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| 关 键 词： | 多环芳烃 松花江 底泥-水交换 时空异质性 逸度方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/8/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/12/3 0:00:00 |
Sediment-Water Exchange and Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity of PAHs in Songhua River |
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| Affiliation: | 1.International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances IJRC-PTS, School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China2.International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to determine the environmental distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water and sediment of the Songhua River, a fugacity approach was used to evaluate the sediment-water exchange and spatial-temporal heterogeneity of PAHs. The results showed that the sediment-water exchange of PAHs was strongly affected by their octanol-water partition coefficient (KOW ). A significant negative correlation was found between KOW and fugacity fractions (ff) (R=-0.801, P=0.000), while the fugacity fractions and water solubility showed a positive correlation (R=0.499, P<0.05). High molecular weight PAHs (HMW PAHs) were influenced more by organic carbon in sediment than by low molecular weight PAHs (LMW PAHs), that is, when the organic carbon content increased 0.10%, fugacity fractions of PAHs from LMW to HMW decreased 0.7%-11.0%. Moreover, the fugacity fractions of PAHs were higher in spring than those in summer. The LMW PAHs migrated from the sediment into the water, but Phe and FlA were nearly stable, and BaP and BgP showed a reverse trend. In summer, atmospheric deposition might be the main source of PAHs in the Songhua River, after long-range transport and local emissions. Through differential analysis of spatial distribution and fugacity fractions of PAHs between sediments and water, it was found out that the inflow of tributaries could be considered as another source of pollutants in the water. The variation coefficient showed that in the water, 2-4 rings PAHs were in medium variation, 5-6 rings PAHs in strong variation, and that there were strong variations for the other PAHs except for 3-4 rings PAHs in medium variation in sediment. In summer, the variation coefficient of PAHs in sediment was higher than that in spring, while in spring the variation coefficient of PAHs in water was slightly higher than that in summer. The study showed that the variation coefficients of PAHs with different rings could have great differences in water and sediment, caused by the differences of physical-chemical properties of PAHs, the organic carbon content of suspended particulate matter in water and substance in sediment and the exogenous input of PAHs. |
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| Keywords: | PAHs Songhua River sediment-water exchange temporal and spatial heterogeneity fugacity approach |
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