| 黄石市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子浓度特征及来源分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑敬茹,瞿厚淑,付山,占长林,姚瑞珍,张家泉,曹军骥.黄石市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子浓度特征及来源分析[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(7):1170-1178. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑敬茹 瞿厚淑 付山 占长林 姚瑞珍 张家泉 曹军骥 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435003;中国科学院地球环境研究所,气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室,陕西西安710061 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.41603117）；国家重点研发计划重点专项（No.2017YFC0212602）；湖北理工学院引进人才项目（No.12xjz07R） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究黄石市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子组成、质量浓度变化特征及来源，于2012年3月-2013年2月在湖北省黄石市利用MiniVol颗粒物采样器采集PM2.5样品，用离子色谱分析了9种水溶性离子（NH4+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、F-）的质量浓度，并采用PMF（正定矩阵因子分析法）模型讨论了不同离子的来源.结果表明:观测期间黄石市大气PM2.5中ρ（总水溶性离子）的年均值为（61.5±26.8）μg/m3，占ρ（PM2.5）的63.9%，各离子质量浓度的高低顺序依次为ρ（SO42-）> ρ（NO3-）> ρ（NH4+）> ρ（Na+）> ρ（Cl-）> ρ（Ca2+）> ρ（K+）> ρ（F-）> ρ（Mg2+）.二次无机离子SNA（为SO42-、NO3-和NH4+的统称）是水溶性离子的主要成分，占全部所测水溶性离子的74.4%.ρ（NO3-）/ρ（SO42-）范围为0.12~1.29，平均值为0.53±0.30，说明全年观测点附近主要以固定源污染为主.4个季节的SOR（硫氧化率）和NOR（氮氧化率）均大于0.10，说明黄石市PM2.5中的SO42-和NO3-主要是经二次转化形成的.阴、阳离子相关性研究发现，4个季节阴、阳离子总体相关性（R2为0.98）较好，并且全年PM2.5组分偏酸性.通过PMF模型源解析发现，黄石市大气PM2.5中水溶性离子主要来源于燃烧源、二次转化源和土壤/矿物扬尘源.研究显示，黄石市大气PM2.5中主要水溶性离子成分是SNA，燃烧、二次转化和土壤/矿物扬尘是其主要来源.
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| 关 键 词： | 黄石市 PM2.5 水溶性离子 来源 离子色谱法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/6/9 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/3/5 0:00:00 |
Characteristics and Source Analysis of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 in Huangshi City |
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| ZHENG Jingru,QU Houshu,FU Shan,ZHAN Changlin,YAO Ruizhen,ZHANG Jiaquan and CAO Junji.Characteristics and Source Analysis of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 in Huangshi City[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(7):1170-1178. |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Jingru QU Houshu FU Shan ZHAN Changlin YAO Ruizhen ZHANG Jiaquan and CAO Junji |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China2.Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics(KLACP), Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the composition, chemical characteristics and sources of water-soluble inorganic ions, PM2.5 samples were collected with a MiniVol portable air sampler from March 2012 to February 2013 in Huangshi City, Hubei Province. Nine water-soluble inorganic ions (NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and F-) were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC), and the possible sources of these species were determined with the positive matrix factorization (PMF) method. The average mass concentrations of total water-soluble ions were (61.5±26.8)μg/m3, accounting for 63.9% of the PM2.5 mass. The concentrations of these species were in the order of ρ(SO42-) > ρ(NO3-) > ρ(NH4+) > ρ(Na+) > ρ(Cl-) > ρ(Ca2+) > ρ(K+) > ρ(F-) > ρ(Mg2+). The water-soluble ions were mainly composed of secondary ions (NH4+, NO3- and SO42-), accounting for 74.4% of total water-soluble ions. The ratio of ρ(NO3-) to ρ(SO42-) was in the range of 0.12-1.29, with a mean value of 0.53±0.30, indicating that anthropogenic stationary sources had more contributions to the atmospheric pollution in Huangshi City. The sulfur oxidation rate (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) were greater than 0.10 in the four seasons, suggesting that sulfate and nitrate in PM2.5 were formed mainly through secondary transformation. The overall correlation between cations and anions in spring, summer, autumn and winter were strong (R2=0.98), and the annual PM2.5 components were partial acidic. PMF analysis indicated that the major sources of PM2.5 were combustion, secondary transformation and soil/mineral dust. In conclusion, results showed that SNA were the main water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in Huangshi City, and combustion, secondary transformation and soil/mineral dust were the main sources. |
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| Keywords: | Huangshi City PM2 5 water-soluble ions source ion chromatography (IC) |
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