| 煤层顶板硬岩大直径定向钻孔施工关键技术 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵建国.煤层顶板硬岩大直径定向钻孔施工关键技术[J].中州煤炭,2020,0(10):139-143，162. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵建国 |
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| 作者单位： | （中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司，陕西 西安 710077） |
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| 摘 要： | 根据顶板高位定向钻孔快速钻进成孔与工作面卸压瓦斯高效抽采治理需要，针对现有螺杆马达定向钻进技术与分级扩孔方法存在的问题，开展了顶板硬岩定向钻进与大直径扩孔钻进关键技术研究，开发了冲击回转定向钻进技术、扭冲回转定向钻进技术、扭冲旋转扩孔技术以及双级双速扩孔技术等钻孔提速新技术，研制了冲击螺杆马达、矿用小直径扭力冲击器、双级双速螺杆马达、组合式扩孔钻头等配套钻具。综合试验结果表明，硬岩定向钻孔平均机械钻进效率达到8.34 m/h，最高达到13.6 m/h，较常规螺杆马达定向钻进技术提升20%~30%；硬岩大直径扩孔终孔直径达到200 mm，机械钻进效率平均达到5.6 m/h以上，最高达到10.5 m/h。该技术提升了顶板硬岩定向钻进效率与大直径扩孔钻进效率，缩短了顶板高位定向钻孔的综合施工周期，为大直径高位定向长钻孔快速成孔与高效抽采治理回采工作面卸压瓦斯提供了可靠的技术手段。
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| 关 键 词： | 卸压瓦斯 大直径定向钻孔 冲击螺杆马达 扭力冲击器 双级双速 |
Key technology of large diameter directional borehole in hard rock of coal seam roof |
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| Zhao Jianguo. Key technology of large diameter directional borehole in hard rock of coal seam roof[J].Zhongzhou Coal,2020,0(10):139-143，162. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Jianguo |
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| Affiliation: | （Xi′an Research Institute，China Coal Technology & Engineering Group，Xi′an 710077，China） |
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| Abstract: | According to the needs of high-level directional borehole and high-efficiency gas extraction in the working face，aiming at the existing problems of screw motor directional borehole technology and graded reaming method，the key technologies of directional borehole in hard rock and large-diameter reaming borehole in roof were studied.The new drilling speed-up technologies such as percussion rotary directional drilling technology，torsional percussion rotary directional drilling technology，torsional percussion rotary reaming technology and two-stage and two-speed reaming technology were developed.The matching drilling tools such as percussion screw motor，small-diameter mine torsional impactor，two-stage and two-speed screw motor and combined reaming bit were developed.The comprehensive test results showed that the average mechanical drilling efficiency of hard rock directional borehole was 8.34 m/h，the highest was 13.6 m/h，which was 20%~30% higher than that of conventional screw motor directional borehole technology.The final hole diameter of hard rock large-diameter reaming was 200 mm，and the average mechanical drilling efficiency was more than 5.6 m/h，the highest was 10.5 m/h.It improved the directional borehole efficiency of roof hard rock and the drilling efficiency of large-diameter reaming，shortened the comprehensive construction period of roof high-level directional drilling，and provided a reliable technical means for the rapid drilling of large-diameter high-level directional long borehole and high-efficiency extraction to control the pressure relief gas in the working face. |
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| Keywords: | ,pressure relief gas, large diameter directional borehole, impact screw motor, torque impactor, two-stage and two-speed |
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