| 离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙明明,耿海,杨俊泰,岳士超,张文涛.离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2021,33(2):024005-1-024005-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙明明 耿海 杨俊泰 岳士超 张文涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 兰州空间技术物理研究所，真空技术与物理重点实验室，兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（61901202，61901204）；十三五星箭可靠性增长项目（ZKCP0701）；国防科工局稳定支持重点实验室基金项目；民用航天预研项目（D010509） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究30 cm离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响，建立了束流引出模型，并采用PIC-MCC方法对CEX离子造成的栅极腐蚀速率进行了计算，最后将计算结果与1500 h寿命试验结果进行比对分析。结果显示:束流正常聚焦时，在3 kW和5 kW两种工作模式下，加速栅和减速栅的质量刻蚀速率分别为(1.11～1.72)×10?15 kg/s及(1.22～1.26)×10?17 kg/s。在5 kW工况下，当屏栅上游等离子体密度达到4.03×1017 m?3时，束流出现欠聚焦现象，此时加速栅和减速栅的最大离子刻蚀速率分别为4.33×10?15 kg/s和4.02×10?15 kg/s；在3 kW工况下，当屏栅上游等离子体密度达到0.22×1017 m?3时，束流出现过聚焦现象，此时加速栅和减速栅的最大离子刻蚀速率分别为3.24×10?15 kg/s和5.01×10?15 kg/s。寿命试验结果表明，加速栅孔质量刻蚀速率的计算值与试验值比对误差较小，而由于束流离子对减速栅孔的直接轰击，导致减速栅孔刻蚀速率的计算值和试验值差异极大。经研究认为，对屏栅小孔采用变孔径设计，是降低当束流处于欠聚焦或过聚焦状态下，CEX离子造成加速栅孔和减速栅孔刻蚀速率，并提升推力器工作寿命的有效措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 离子推力器 栅极腐蚀 束流 聚焦状态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-03 |
Influence of ion beam perveance condition on grids erosion for ion thruster |
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| Affiliation: | Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | To study the influence of ion beam perveance condition on the grids erosion velocity for 30 cm diameter ion thruster, we established a beam perveance model and calculated the grids erosion velocity caused by CEX (charge exchange) ions by PIC-MCC method, and then compared and analyzed the calculation results with 1500 h short time life test results. The results show that under the normal beam perveance condition, the mass erosion velocity of the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid are (1.11?1.72)×10?15 kg/s and (1.22?1.26)×10?17 kg/s in 3 kW and 5 kW working modes, respectively. Under 5 kW working mode, when the upstream plasma density of the screen grid reaches 4.03×1017 m?3, the beam is under perveance condition, and the maximum ion erosion velocity of the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid is about 4.33×10?15 kg/s and 4.02×10?15 kg/s respectively. Under 3 kW working mode, when the upstream plasma density of the screen grid reaches 0.22×1017 m?3, the beam is in over perveance condition. Meanwhile, the maximum ion erosion velocity of the accelerator grid and the decelerator grid is about 3.24×10?15 kg/s and 5.01×10?15 kg/s respectively. The life test results show that the calculation value of mass erosion velocity of the accelerator grid hole has a small error to the test value. However, the calculation results of erosion velocity of the decelerator grid hole differ greatly from the test results, which is mainly because of the direct bombardment of the beam ions on the decelerator grid hole. From the current research conclusions, it is considered that the variable aperture design for the screen grid hole is an effective measure to reduce the erosion velocity of the accelerator grid hole and the decelerator grid hole caused by CEX ions when the beam is in under or over perveance condition. In addition, variable aperture design of the grids can significantly improve the working life of the thruster. |
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