| 干旱半干旱区城市生态效率时空演变及区域差异分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵领娣,李莎莎,赵志博,于翔,孙凌霄,赵鹏.干旱半干旱区城市生态效率时空演变及区域差异分析[J].干旱区地理,2020,43(2):449-457. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵领娣 李莎莎 赵志博 于翔 孙凌霄 赵鹏 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目（71473233，71974176）；国家社科基金专项课题（18VSJ067）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究西北干旱半干旱区城市生态效率，对其经济、资源、环境的协调统一以及生态文明建设的推进具有重要的现实意义。以西北干旱半干旱区38个城市为研究对象，运用三阶段DEA方法客观地测度了各城市2005—2016年生态效率，同时运用ESDA方法全面分析了生态效率的区域差异。结果显示：干旱半干旱区城市生态效率普遍较低，并呈现正向全局空间自相关关系；热点区域主要以乌鲁木齐、克拉玛依等为中心，冷点区域主要以平凉、固原等为中心，热点区域数量呈现先增后减再增的N形变动趋势，冷点区域数量则呈现先减后增再减的倒N形变动趋势
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| 收稿时间： | 2018-12-05 |
Temporal and spatial evolution and regional difference
analysis of urban ecological efficiency in arid and semiarid
areas |
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| ZHAO Ling-di,LI Sha-sha,ZHAO Zhi-bo,YU Xiang,SUN Ling-xiao,ZHAO Peng.Temporal and spatial evolution and regional difference
analysis of urban ecological efficiency in arid and semiarid
areas[J].Arid Land Geography,2020,43(2):449-457. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Ling-di LI Sha-sha ZHAO Zhi-bo YU Xiang SUN Ling-xiao ZHAO Peng |
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| Abstract: | In recent years,the arid and semiarid regions in
northwest China,including the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Shaanxi Province,Qinghai
Province,and Gansu Province,have undergone rapid development.However,the
fragile ecosystems in these areas are facing greater pressure and the conflict
between economic development,resources,and the environment is becoming
increasingly prominent due to the extensive economic development model that has
not yet been fundamentally modified.Eco-efficiency is an effective tool for
measuring the degree of coordination of economic,resource,and environmental
benefits.In this study,we used the three-stage DEA method to measure eco-efficiency,and
thus overcome the effects of external environmental variables and random
factors on eco-efficiency to obtain more accurate and reliable eco-efficiency
values.Meanwhile,we considered 38 cities in 6 provinces in the arid and
semiarid regions of northwest China as research objects and used urban panel
data from 2005 to 2016 to analyze the regional eco-efficiency.Therefore,the
differences and spatial correlation characteristics of eco-efficiency levels
among cities could be depicted and described in a more detailed manner.The
results are described as follows: (1) After eliminating the effects of external
environmental variables and random factors,the eco-efficiency level of each
city changed significantly.The average technical efficiency dropped from 0.65
to 0.57,representing a decrease of 12.3%.The
average pure technical efficiency increased from 0.91 to 0.95,showing an
increase of 4.4%,and the average scale efficiency decreased from 0.72 to 0.59,indicating
a decrease of 18.1%.These results indicate that external environmental
variables and random factors have a great effect on eco-efficiency and that it
is reasonable and necessary to use the three-stage DEA method to analyze eco-efficiency.(2)
In 38 cities,those with medium efficiency and greater accounted for 39% of the
total,including 15 cities such as Urumqi,Karamay,and Ordos,while those with low
efficiency accounted for 61% of the total,including 23 cities such as Pingliang
and Guyuan.These results show that the level of eco-efficiency in the arid and
semiarid areas of northwest China is generally low and that there are
significant urban differences and imbalances.(3) The global Moran’s I index was positive and
increased yearly,thus indicating that the spatial distribution of eco-efficiency
exhibits increasingly significant positive autocorrelations.The local Getis Ord Gi* results show
that the distribution areas of cold spots and hot spots of eco-efficiency were
mostly the same as those of low efficiency,medium efficiency,and above.These
results indicate that urban eco-efficiency has an external driving effect and
cities with prominent geographical advantages and perfect ecological management
levels have high eco-efficiency,which can also promote the improvement of eco-efficiency
of neighboring cities and vice versa.This study compensates for the relative
shortage of studies of eco-efficiency for cities in the arid and semiarid
regions of northwest China.The accurate measurements of the value of eco-efficiency
and detailed analyses of the differences and the spatial correlation
characteristics of eco-efficiency of the cities in this region enhance the
objective understanding of eco-efficiency in the arid and semiarid regions of
northwest China,and thus provide new empirical evidence for general improvement
in regional eco-efficiency. |
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| Keywords: | arid and semiarid regions in northwest China ecological efficiency three-stage DEA exploratory spatial data analysis |
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