| 广东省中小学生脊柱侧凸流行特征及影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李梦,曲亚斌,孙艺,甘萍,沈少君.广东省中小学生脊柱侧凸流行特征及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2022,43(2):292-295. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李梦 曲亚斌 孙艺 甘萍 沈少君 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生所，广州 510000 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省医学科研基金(A2020592)； |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解广东省中小学生脊柱侧凸流行特征，探讨其相关影响因素，为脊柱侧凸的预防控制提供依据。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，于2020年9—10月在珠三角和非珠三角城市抽取132所中小学校，共38 649名9~18岁学生进行脊柱侧凸筛查和相关影响因素问卷调查。 结果 调查学生中有1 440名检出脊柱侧凸，检出率为3.73%。女生检出率为4.90%，高于男生的2.66%(χ2=134.72，P < 0.01)。珠三角地区检出率为4.09%，高于非珠三角地区的3.38%(χ2=13.22，P < 0.01)。城区检出率为4.51%，高于县区的2.79%(χ2=78.70，P < 0.01)。检出率随着学段的升高而升高，高中(5.94%)>初中(4.50%)>小学(1.35%)(χ2=386.89，P < 0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，地区、城乡、性别、学段、中高强度运动、使用电子移动设备、营养状况是学生脊柱侧凸的相关因素(OR=0.41~3.78，P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 广东省中小学生脊柱侧凸检出率在性别、城乡、学段等方面均存在差异，需重点关注女生、初中学段、高中学段学生，并探索有针对性的科学干预策略。
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| 关 键 词： | 脊柱侧凸 患病率 回归分析 学生 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-21 |
Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Environmental and School Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou (510000), China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong, and to provide guidance for scoliosis control. Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, a total of 38 649 students aged 9-18 were selected from 132 primary and secondary schools in the Pearl River Delta and non-Pearl River Delta cities for scoliosis screening and related associated factors questionnaire survey from September to October 2020. Results A total of 1 440 students were detected with scoliosis, with a detection rate of 3.73%. The detection rate of girls was 4.90%, which was higher than that of boys at 2.66%(χ2=386.89, P < 0.01). The detection rate in the Pearl River Delta region was 4.09%, which was higher than the non-Pearl River Delta region at 3.38%(χ2=13.22, P < 0.01). The detection rate in urban areas was 4.51%, which was higher than counties at 2.79%(χ2=78.70, P < 0.01). The detection rate increased with the increase of the school period, high school (5.94%)>junior high school (4.50%)>elementary school (1.35%)(χ2=386.89, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that region, urbanicity, gender, educational stage, exercise, using electronic mobile devices, nutritional status are the influencing factors for scoliosis (OR=0.41-3.78, P < 0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province varies by gender, urbanicity and educational stages. Female students, as well as junior and senior high school students should be paid more attention. |
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