| 秋冬交替季节白洋淀沉积物有机质特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡晓明,崔骏,裴元生.秋冬交替季节白洋淀沉积物有机质特性研究[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(4):636-646. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡晓明 崔骏 裴元生 |
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| 作者单位： | 甘肃省环境科学设计研究院,甘肃 兰州,730020;北京师范大学,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京 100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2018ZX07110004）；国家自然科学基金项目（No.51579009） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究白洋淀沉积物中有机质释放对秋冬交替季节淀区水环境的影响.将白洋淀分为自然保护区、旅游区、村落密集区、淀中村区和出淀口区五部分，在20个代表性采样点采集沉积物样品，采用光谱学方法表征样品中有机质特性，并研究氮、磷的溶解释放特征.结果表明:①在自然保护区、淀中村区和出淀口区，沉积物中有机质的腐殖化和芳香化程度较高，主要为陆源可见光类腐殖酸组分（C1）、海源可见光类腐殖酸组分（C3）和紫外光类腐殖酸组分（C4）；而在旅游区和村落密集区，有机质的腐殖化和芳香化程度较低，主要为类色氨酸组分（C2），表明这些区域受人为活动影响大.②紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱参数具有很好的相关性，可用于表征沉积物中有机质特征；类色氨酸组分的荧光强度与沉积物中w（TN）和w（TP）具有良好的正相关关系，显示出同源性特征.③与以类腐殖酸为主要成分的沉积物样品相比，氮、磷更易从以类蛋白为主要成分的沉积物中释放.研究显示，秋冬交替季节白洋淀沉积物中有机质以类蛋白和类腐殖酸为主，且类蛋白具有促进共存氮、磷溶解释放的作用.
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| 关 键 词： | 沉积物 有机质 光谱学特性 溶解释放 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/4/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/8/20 0:00:00 |
Organic Matter Characteristics of Sediment in Lake Baiyangdian in Autumn-Winter Alternate Season |
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| HU Xiaoming,CUI Jun and PEI Yuansheng.Organic Matter Characteristics of Sediment in Lake Baiyangdian in Autumn-Winter Alternate Season[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(4):636-646. |
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| Authors: | HU Xiaoming CUI Jun and PEI Yuansheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Gansu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou 730020, China2.The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | The organic matter release from the sediments in Lake Baiyangdian is investigated, which plays an important role in maintaining the water quality of the lake in the autumn-winter alternate seasons. Twenty samples were collected from representative sites in five representative areas, including the nature reserve areas, the tourist areas, the densely populated areas, villages in the middle of the lake, and in the lake outlet areas. The spectroscopy characteristics of the organic matter in the samples were determined, and the dissolution-release behavior of nitrogen and phosphorus in the samples were investigated. The results showed that:(1) The humification and aromatization of the organic matter in the sediment were relatively high in the nature reserve areas, villages in the middle of the lake and the lake outlet areas. The organic matters mainly consisted of the terrestrial visible light humic acid component (C1), marine visible light humic acid component (C3), and the UV-light humic acid component (C4). In contrast, the humification and aromatization of the organic matter were relatively low in the tourist areas and the densely populated areas, which was principally dominated by the tryptophan-like components (C2). (2) A close relationship between UV adsorption and fluorescence spectra parameters was obtained, which could be used to identify the characteristics of the organic matter in the sediment. A significant positive correlation existed between the fluorescence intensity of C2 and the w(TN) and w(TP), presenting a homologous characteristic. (3) A high release volume of nitrogen and phosphorus presented in the samples dominated by the protein-like substances rather than in those dominated by the humic-like substances. The results indicate that the protein-like substance and the humic-like substances as the main components exist in the sediment of the lake in the autumn-winter alternate seasons. The dissolution-release behavior of the coexistence nitrogen and phosphorus is accelerated in the presence of the protein-like substances. |
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| Keywords: | sediment organic matter spectroscopic property dissolution-release |
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