| 红土镍矿酸浸渣硫酸铵焙烧—超声分散—离心分离增白工艺研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕文强,郑水林,孙志明,韩华杰,连池.红土镍矿酸浸渣硫酸铵焙烧—超声分散—离心分离增白工艺研究[J].矿产保护与利用,2019,39(3):48-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕文强 郑水林 孙志明 韩华杰 连池 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国矿业大学(北京) 化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 吉林省重点科技研发项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 红土镍矿酸浸渣的存量大、白度低、重金属含量高，严重制约了在相关领域的回收应用，提纯增白是高效综合利用这种固废资源的一个亟待解决的技术问题。采用两段煅烧——直接煅烧后再加硫酸铵焙烧的工艺，使其白度得到较大提升后，再采用超声波分散浸出—离心提纯工艺去除影响酸浸渣白度的杂质。对样品白度、化学成分、矿物成分、颗粒形貌和孔结构进行了表征。结果表明:最优的增白工艺为，500℃预先煅烧1 h，添加200%镍渣质量的硫酸铵焙烧2 h，超声分散浸出8 min，在离心分离因数为4的条件下离心1 min。最终实现红土镍矿酸浸渣的白度由56%提升到84%，含铁量由0.92%下降到0.20%，比表面积由84 m2/g提升到96 m2/g，回收率达到47%以上。得到的红土镍矿酸浸渣纯度和白度显著提升，粒度减小以及孔结构特性得到优化，高值开发应用前景广阔。
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| 关 键 词： | 红土镍矿酸浸渣 焙烧 增白 超声分散 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-12 |
Study on Whitening Process of Acid Leaching Residue of Laterite Nickel by Ammonium Sulfate Calcining,Ultrasonic Dispersion and Centrifugal Separation |
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| Affiliation: | School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the large stock, low whiteness and high heavy metal content, the recovery of acid leaching residue of laterite nickel in related fields is severely restricted. Therefore, purification and whitening has become an urgent technical problem to be solved for the efficient comprehensively utilizing of this solid waste resources. In this paper, the two-stage roasting process, that is, a process of directly calcining and ammonium sulfate calcining, was adopted to increase the whiteness. Then the process of ultrasonic dispersion leaching and centrifugal purification were used to remove the impurities affecting the whiteness of the acid leaching residue. The whiteness, the chemical composition, the mineral composition, the particle morphology and the pore structure of the samples were characterized. The results showed that the optimum whitening process was pre-calcined at 500℃ for 1 h, calcined with ammonium sulfate of 200% nickel slag quality for 2 h, ultrasonically dispersed for 8 min, and centrifuged for 1 min under a centrifugal separation factor of 4. Finally, the whiteness of acid leaching residue of laterite nickel increased from 56% to 84%. The iron content decreased from 0.92% to 0.2%. The specific surface area increased from 84 m2/g to 96 m2/g, and the recovery reached 47%. The purity and whiteness of the obtained acid leaching residue of laterite nickel were significantly improved, meanwhile the particle size was reduced and the pore structure characteristics were optimized. Therefore, its high-value development has broad application prospects. |
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