| 海底水道特征及其成因机制:以莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 田冬梅,姜涛,张道军,左倩媚,孙辉,何小胡.海底水道特征及其成因机制:以莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段为例[J].地球科学,2017,42(1):130-141. |
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| 作者姓名： | 田冬梅 姜涛 张道军 左倩媚 孙辉 何小胡 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目Nos.41476032，91528301国家“十三五”重大科技专项项目No.2016ZX05024005-005 |
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| 摘 要： | 海底水道不但是沉积物搬运过程中从源到汇的关键环节，而且由于其中常常发育可作为良好油气储层的砂岩，近年来已成为深水沉积学研究的热点之一.基于莺歌海盆地乐东区新采集的三维地震资料和钻井资料，在建立了该区莺歌海组一段四级层序地层格架基础上，深入剖析了每个四级层序低位体系域内海底水道发育特征及其影响因素，构建了海底水道演化模式.研究结果表明，该区由于构造稳定、物源供给充足，高频海平面变化得以被沉积物记录下来，因此，可被识别出体系域发育齐全的多个四级层序，且在每个四级层序低位体系域内都发育了大量海底水道，具体包括斜坡水道和轴向水道两种类型，它们总体具有汇聚型特征.海底水道演化过程中受相对海平面变化、构造活动和沉积作用过程影响，呈现出数量逐渐减少、规模逐渐变小的特征.这些被快速沉积速率所记录下来的高频海平面变化及海底水道演化特征，为更好地理解可作为良好油气储层的海底水道的成因机制及其控制因素提供了良好的范例.
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| 关 键 词： | 海底水道 四级层序 莺歌海盆地 石油地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-06-10 |
Genesis Mechanism and Characteristics of Submarine Channel: A Case Study of the First Member of Yinggehai Formation in Ledong Area of Yinggehai Basin |
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| Abstract: | The submarine channel is one of the important targets for deep water hydrocarbon exploration as well as the key point for the investigation into source and sink. Based on the newly acquired 3D seismic data and 3 boreholes in the Ledong area of the Yinggehai basin, the sequence stratigraphic framework for the first member of the Yinggehai Formation is set up. The development of every fourth-order sequence is derived by the enough sediment supply and high frequency sea-level changes under stable tectonic setting. The submarine channels occur in lowstand systems of every fourth-order sequence, which can be classified into slope channel and axial channel. Furthermore, the evolution of submarine channels is described, such as flowing through the lower topography with a convergent system, being reworked by mass-transport deposits (MTDs) and diapirs. Controlled by the sediment supply, high-frequency sea-level fluctuation and regional tectonic activities, the number and scale of submarine channels gradually decrease. The recorded high-frequency sea-level fluctuation by high sedimentary rate in Ledong area makes it possible to better understand the evolution and controlling factors of submarine channels, which facilitates future hydrocarbon exploration. |
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