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| 施氮肥缓解臭氧对小麦光合作用和产量的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 陈娟,曾青,朱建国,刘钢,曹际玲,谢祖彬,唐昊冶,小林和彦.施氮肥缓解臭氧对小麦光合作用和产量的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(5):523-530. |
| 作者姓名： | 陈娟 曾青 朱建国 刘钢 曹际玲 谢祖彬 唐昊冶 小林和彦 |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与可持续农业国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049 东京大学农学院全球植物资源研究室, 东京 113-8657, 日本 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目，中国科学院知识创新方向项目，中国科学院国际合作重点项目，中国科学院科研装备研制项目，国家科技部国际科技合作计划项目，中国科学院南京土壤研究所知识创新工程领域前沿项目，日本环境厅全球环境研究基金项目(中日合作) |
| 摘 要： | 以小麦(Triticum aestivum)品种‘扬麦16’为试材, 利用开放式空气臭氧(O3)浓度升高平台, 研究了增施氮(N)肥对O3对小麦光合作用和产量影响的缓解作用。结果表明, O3胁迫下灌浆期小麦的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶绿素a (Chl a)、叶绿素b (Chl b)、类胡萝卜素(Car)、总叶绿素含量(Chl t)和可溶性蛋白的含量显著降低, 降幅分别为28.95%、31.79%、23.17%、58.89%、68.64%、22.89%、60.31%和32.00%; 胞间CO2浓度(Ci)变化很小; 成熟期生物量和收获时产量也明显下降, 降幅分别为12.23%和12.63%; 而增施N肥可以增加小麦灌浆期的Pn、Chl a、Chl b、可溶性蛋白的含量, 进而增加小麦生物量和产量, 增幅分别为25.66%、83.05%、121.57%、30.33%、14.94%和10.67%, 而对Ci、Gs、Tr、Car含量无明显影响。O3和N肥对小麦叶片的Pn、Chl t及可溶性蛋白含量有明显的交互作用。因此, 在大气O3浓度升高条件下增施N肥对小麦O3损伤有一定的缓解作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 生物量 缓解 氮肥 臭氧 光合作用 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-07-23 |
Nitrogen supply mitigates the effects of elevated[O3]on photosynthesis and yield in wheat |
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| CHEN Juan,ZENG Qing,ZHU Jian-Guo,LIU Gang,CAO Ji-Ling,XIE Zu-Bin,TANG Hao-Ye,KAZUHIKO Kobayashi.Nitrogen supply mitigates the effects of elevated[O3]on photosynthesis and yield in wheat[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2011,35(5):523-530. | |
| Authors: | CHEN Juan ZENG Qing ZHU Jian-Guo LIU Gang CAO Ji-Ling XIE Zu-Bin TANG Hao-Ye KAZUHIKO Kobayashi |
| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan |
| Abstract: | Aims Our objective was to study the interactive influences of ozone (O3) and nitrogen (N) on photosynthesis and yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Methods The winter wheat was exposed to two levels of O3 (ambient and 1.5 ambient) and two levels of N supply (210 and 250 kg·hm–2) under field conditions. Important findings O3 exposure significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of wheat leaves in the filling stage by 28.95%, 31.79 % and 23.17%, respectively. O3 exposure also significantly reduced the content of chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), carotene (Car), total chlorophyll (Chl t) and soluble protein in the filling stage by 58.89%, 68.64%, 22.89%, 60.31% and 32.00%, respectively, while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) changed slightly. Biomass in the maturing stage and yield of the wheat were also reduced by elevated O3 by 12.23% and 12.63%, respectively. High N availability significantly increased Pn, Chl a, Chl b, soluble protein, biomass and yield of the wheat leaves by 25.66%, 83.05%, 121.57%, 30.33%, 14.94% and 10.67%, respectively, while Gs, Ci, Tr and Car were influenced slightly by high N, which indicated that the increase of Pn was mainly caused by the increment of Chl a, Chl b and soluble protein. The interactive effects of O3 and N on the concentrations of Pn, Chl a, Chl b and soluble protein were significant. These results suggest that sufficient N supply can modify the effects of elevated O3 on photosynthesis and yield in wheat. |
| Keywords: | biomass mediation nitrogen ozone photosynthesis yield |
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