| 粒度大小对赤铁矿和石英浮选分离的影响 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李东 李正要 印万忠 孙春宝 寇珏 姚金 韩会丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51904020）；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2019M660466）；中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目（FRF-TP-18-082A1） |
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| 摘 要： | 通过浮选试验、DLVO理论计算、聚焦光束反射测量（FBRM）等研究了油酸钠浮选体系下粒度大小对赤铁矿和石英浮选分离的影响。人工混合矿浮选试验表明，窄粒级粗粒或中等粒级的赤铁矿?石英混合矿（CH&CQ和MH&CQ）的浮选效果较好，其中CH&CQ和MH&CQ的分选效率分别为85.49%和84.26%，明显高于全粒级混合矿（RH&RQ）的分选效率74.94%；但窄粒级的细粒赤铁矿?石英混合矿（FH&FQ）的浮选效果则较差，其分选效率只有54.98%。浮选动力学试验表明，赤铁矿的浮选速率和回收率不仅与赤铁矿的粒度有关，还受石英粒度的影响，细粒脉石矿物石英会降低赤铁矿的浮选速率和回收率。DLVO理论计算表明，当矿浆pH值为9.0时，石英与赤铁矿颗粒间的相互作用力为斥力，此时细粒石英很难“罩盖”在赤铁矿表面并通过这种“直接作用”的方式抑制赤铁矿浮选，这也与聚焦光束反射测量（FBRM）的测定结果基本一致；颗粒?气泡碰撞分析表明，在浮选过程中细粒石英可能通过“边界层效应”的方式跟随气泡升浮（夹带作用），影响赤铁矿颗粒与气泡间的碰撞及黏附，从而降低了赤铁矿的浮选速率和回收率。
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| 关 键 词： | 赤铁矿 石英 浮选分离 粒度 DLVO理论 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-06-06 |
Effect of particle size on flotation separation of hematite and quartz |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China2.School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China |
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| Abstract: | Generally, the flotation performance of mineral particles in a wide size range is usually poor, which can be attributed to the high reagent consumptions and low floatability differences between valuable and gangue minerals. Classification flotation is an effective method for improving the flotation efficiency of particles in a wide size range and is commonly used for coal slime. However, for refractory iron ores, the literature on the relative technology and basic theory of classification flotation, which are necessary and beneficial for the effective utilization of refractory iron ore resources, is scarce. In this study, flotation tests, DLVO theory calculations, and focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) particle size analysis were used to analyze the effect of particle size distribution on the flotation separation of hematite and quartz in the sodium oleate system. The flotation results of artificial mixtures show that the flotation performance of coarse or medium hematite–quartz mixture (such as CH&CQ and MH&CQ) with a narrow size range is better than that of the wide size range mixtures. The separation efficiency of CH&CQ and MH&CQ is 85.49% and 84.26%, respectively, which is higher than that of the wide size range mixtures (74.94%). However, the separation efficiency of fine hematite–quartz mixture with a narrow size range (FH&FQ) decreases to 54.98%. The flotation kinetic tests demonstrate that the flotation rate and recovery of hematite are not only related to the particle size of hematite but also influenced by the particle size of quartz. The fine quartz particles could reduce the hematite flotation rate and recovery. The DLVO theory calculations demonstrate that the interaction energies between hematite and quartz are repulsive, indicating that fine quartz particles scarcely cover the hematite surface to depress floatability, which is consistent with the FBRM results. The bubble–particle collision analysis indicates that the collision between hematite and bubbles might be influenced by the “boundary layer” effects of fine quartz particles, resulting in the decreased bubble–particle efficiency of collision and attachment, which may explain the decrease in hematite flotation rate and recovery. |
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