A penta‐band hybrid fractal MIMO antenna for ISM applications |
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| Authors: | Sampath Rajkumar Nandagopal Srinivasan Aadya Natesan Krishnasamy T Selvan |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu |
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| Abstract: | A miniature two‐element MIMO multiband planar patch antenna with potential applications in the ISM bands is presented. The elements of the antenna have been designed using a novel hybrid fractal geometry based on an altered Dragon Curve and the Inverted Koch. Reduced antenna dimensions are obtained with acceptable performance even at lower frequency ranges. The antenna elements are placed adjacent to each other with a very small spacing of 0.004 λ0 (λ being the free space wavelength of 433 MHz), confining the antenna dimensions to 51 × 50 mm2. The antenna resonates at the 433 MHz (ISM), 2.4 GHz (ISM), 3.9 GHZ (Fixed Satellite), 4.7 GHz (UWB) and 5.8 GHz (ISM) frequency bands. The antenna exhibits |S11| ≤ ?10 dB, |S21| ≤ ?16 dB, an ECC ≤ 0.01 for all operating frequencies, with circular polarisation at the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands and linear polarisation at the others. The simulated structure was fabricated and tested, with the simulated and measured results displaying acceptable agreement. |
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| Keywords: | compact Dragon Curve hybrid fractal ISM multiband multiple input multiple output |
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