| 中国区域空气污染本底站的降水化学特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨东贞,周怀刚,等.中国区域空气污染本底站的降水化学特征[J].应用气象学报,2002,13(4):430-439. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨东贞 周怀刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局科教司“我国大气环境本底特征和变化规律的研究”课题资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 分析了3个代表不同背景特征的WMO（世界气象组织）区域本底空气污染站黑龙江五常县龙凤山本底站，北京密云县古北口上甸子本底站和浙江临安本底站的降水化学特征。分析内容为降水的pH值和SO42-、NO3-、Cl-、F-、NH4+、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+诸离子的浓度。结果表明，降水pH值和SO42-、NO3-、NH4+、Ca2+具有年际变化和年变化的特征，但其变化趋势各站及各要素不尽一致。离子Cl-、F-、K+、Na+、Mg2+浓度偏低，变化不明显。就多年平均而言，临安站的pH值为3站最低，SO42-为最高。上甸子除了SO42-浓度次于临安外，其余所有离子浓度均为3站之首，而且pH值也为3站最高。龙凤山除了降水中的Ca2+、Mg2+离子浓度略高于临安外，其它各离子的浓度是3站中最低，pH值在3站中的位置居中。降水化学特征演变趋势为:3个站的降水皆呈酸性，其中临安最严重，龙凤山其次，上甸子相对轻一些，但其酸化的速率为3站之首。
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| 关 键 词： | 区域空气污染本底站 降水 pH 化学组分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2000-10-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2000年10月28 |
Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in Regional Air Pollution Background Stations of China |
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| Yang Dongzhen,Zhou Huangang,Zhang Zhonghua.Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in Regional Air Pollution Background Stations of China[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2002,13(4):430-439. |
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| Authors: | Yang Dongzhen Zhou Huangang Zhang Zhonghua |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 1000812.Shangdianzi Atmospheric Background S tation, Beijing, Miyun 1015073.Longfengshan Atmospheric Background S tation, Heilongjiang Prov ince, Wuchang 150209 |
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| Abstract: | Investigation was conducted on the chemical characteristics of precipitation in three WMO regional atmospheric background stations, the representatives of three different background features: Longfengshan (Wuchang County, Heilongjiang Province), Shangdianzi (Gubeikou village, Miyun county, Beijing) and Lin'an (Lin'an County, Zhejiang Province) background stations. The pH value and the contents of ions SO 2- 4,NO - 3,Cl -,F -,NO - 3,Cl -,F -,NH + 4, K +, Na +, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in the precipitation were analyzed. The results show that the pH values and concentrations of SO 4 2- ,NO 3- , NH 4 + and Ca 2+ have obvious annual and inter-annual variation features. The variation trends are different for the three stations and between various elements. However, the concentrations of ions Cl -,F - , K +, Na +, and Mg 2+ are quite low, and their variations are negligible. As for the multi-year average, the pH value for Lin'an is the lowest at the three stations, but the SO 4 2- concentration is the highest; while all values at Shangdianzi are the highest, except SO 4 2- concentration is in the middle; and all ion concentrations for Longfengshan are the lowest, except Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ concentrations are slightly higher than those for Lin'an, and the pH value is in the middle. The precipitation chemical features of these background stations show that the precipitation is acid at all the three stations. The worst is at Lin'an, better at Longfengshan and the slightest at Shangfianzi. It indicates that the air quality for all these three air pollution background stations is becoming worse. |
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| Keywords: | Regional air pollutionn background station Precipitation pH Chemical composition |
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