复杂地质条件下矿山地下开采地表变形规律的研究

›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 3020-3024.

复杂地质条件下矿山地下开采地表变形规律的研究

黄平路，陈从新，肖国峰，林健

中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室，武汉 430071

收稿日期:2009-03-04 出版日期:2009-10-10 发布日期:2009-12-23
作者简介:黄平路，男，1980年生，博士，助理研究员，主要从事岩土力学与工程方面的研究工作

Study of rock movement caused by underground mining in mines with complicated geological conditions

HUANG Ping-lu, CHEN Cong-xin, XIAO Guo-feng, LIN Jian

State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China

Received:2009-03-04 Online:2009-10-10 Published:2009-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地质条件是矿山开采岩层移动的基础，复杂的地质条件常使得地表移动角、沉陷角预测不准，导致灾难性后果。以典型复杂地质矿山程潮铁矿东区为例，以多年地表变形监测结果为依据，对在其特殊地质条件下地表变形和岩层移动的机制进行了分析研究。结果表明，地下采矿是矿区岩体破坏的直接诱因，地下水产生的静水压力和动水压力强化了岩体的变形与破坏；矿区岩体中断层、节理等特殊地质结构是岩体破坏的基础；构造应力场的存在是围岩向采空区产生较大移动变形的主要影响因素；在采矿之初，地表塌陷主要是由地下水疏干引起的；地表大规模塌陷形成以后，地下采空区的扩大是引起地表塌陷的主要原因，但矿区特殊的地质条件对地表塌陷范围的扩展速度有重要影响。

关键词: 地质条件, 地下开采, 构造应力, 岩层移动, 地表沉陷

Abstract:

Geological conditions are the basis for surface subsidence. In mines with complicated geological conditions, the displacement and subsidence angles are often forecasted inaccurately, which leads to disastrous consequences. Taking a typical complicated geological mine as the background engineering, and based on the results of surface deformation monitoring for many years, mechanism of surface deformation and rock movement caused by underground mining is analyzed. Results obtained indicate that underground mining is the direct cause of rock deformation, which is significantly influenced by hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures of groundwater existing in rock masses. Joint fissures are the foundation of rock deformation. The tectonic stress is the main factor which causes greater movement and deformation. At the beginning of mining, surface subsidence is mainly caused by groundwater drainage. After the formation of large-scale surface subsidence, expansion of gob is the main reason for surface subsidence; but the special engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions have an important influence on the expansion speed of surface subsidence.

Key words: geological conditions, underground mining, tectonic stress, rock movement, ground subsidence

中图分类号:

TU 451

黄平路，陈从新，肖国峰，林健. 复杂地质条件下矿山地下开采地表变形规律的研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3020-3024.

HUANG Ping-lu, CHEN Cong-xin, XIAO Guo-feng, LIN Jian. Study of rock movement caused by underground mining in mines with complicated geological conditions[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3020-3024.

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