The development of scientific instruments marks the level of national innovation capability and scientific and technological development. Through the combination of questionnaire survey and field research, this paper investigates the current situation and problems of the development and demand of scientific instrument industry in Guangdong Province for scientific instrument development enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions in Guangdong Province. The analysis found that the development of scientific instruments in Guangdong Province has high-end scientific instruments monopolized by foreign countries, lack of some key technologies, few leading large enterprises, too many growing small enterprises, serious shortage of R&D investment, imperfect supporting industries, regional basic research and Problems such as weak technical reserves, lack of human resources, and low level of instrument sharing. Based on this, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of the scientific instrument industry in Guangdong Province from the aspects of innovation ability, talent gathering, and innovation platform.