The thoroughgoing theoretical analysis of the characteristic parameter of input and output of laser-diode-pumped Nd∶GdVO4 solid-state laser has been carried out on the basis ofNd∶GdVO4 crystal level structure and the rate equation theory. The op timum values of the degree of mode matching of resonant light spot and pump light spot, the length of gain medium, the intracavity intrinsic loss, and the outputmirror transmission have been obtained by numeri-cal simulation. Furthermore, compared with the output characteristic of Nd∶YAG solid-state laser pumped by LD, the output p roperty of Nd∶GdVO4 solid-state laser which is much better than that of Nd∶YAG has been obtained in the same conditions.