Multi-strata onlap in the Carboniferous developed in the Chepaizi area of the Junggar Basin are easy to form rich lithologic reservoir resources. Due to the huge differences in the lithologic and physical properties of the overlying strata and Carboniferous, reflections of the reservoir submerged in the strong amplitudes cause it difficult to use conventional reservoir prediction methods for effective characterization of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the reservoir. To solve this problem, the mechanism of the weak reflection of the lithologic reservoir and the resolution of seismic data in the region are first elaborated. Then frequency extension, inversion, spectral decomposition and seismic attribute analysis and so on are carried out. Finally, we adjust the research approach to include the weak reflection signals in the lithologic reservoir as a whole, rather than isolated, to select the standard deviation attributes which can reflect the weak changes of the seismic traces to lithologic reservoir prediction. The results show that the standard deviation attributes can give a reservoir prediction result well agreeing with the existing drilling data. The proposed method provides effective techniques and new research ideas for lithologic reservoir exploration and development in the region. It also has important guiding significance for the understanding of the characteristics of these lithologic reservoirs.