| 卓鸿,王冀,袁铭芳,张伟.华北霾日的时空分布特征分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2019,13(3):72~79 |
| 华北霾日的时空分布特征分析 |
| Study on the haze temporal and spatial variation of North China |
| 投稿时间：2018-04-17 修订日期：2018-06-20 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2019.03.010 |
| 中文关键词: 华北 霾日 时空分布 霾等级 |
| 英文关键词:North China, hazy days, Temporal and spatial, hazy level |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项基金资助项目 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1432 |
| 全文下载次数: 403 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 霾与雾是两种截然不同的视程障碍现象，是一种新的灾害性天气，需要对其进行专门的研究。利用1961-2011年共51年华北地区50个站冬季及逐月不同级别的霾日资料，研究了华北地区霾日的时空分布特征，结果发现：霾日的分布很不均匀，霾日大值区大多为工业城市、高度发达的城市以及煤炭生产基地，“浊岛”现象明显，华北地区霾日大值区呈西南-东北向分布，来自京津冀外区域的污染物跨城市群输送的影响非常显著。研究还表明，除山西平均霾日一直呈增长趋势外，其他地区霾日近年均呈下降趋势。从各大城市的变化特点看，太原、石家庄和呼和浩特呈一致的增长趋势，济南市、北京市和天津市的霾日均呈下降趋势。大城市冬季霾日出现最多的集中在12月份和1月份。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Haze, which is a new kind of disastrous weather and required special study, is a different vision obstruction phenomenon from fog. Using monthly observed haze data in winter during 1961-2011 of North China and statistical methods, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of haze days were analyzed. The results show that the hazy days distribute unevenly, and the high value area of hazy days are mostly located in industrial cities, the highly developed cities and the coal production bases. It means that so-called “muddy island” is obvious. Also, the high value of hazy days distribute from the southwest to the northeast, It means that the effect of transporting pollutants from outside region of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province is very significant.. Haze days of winter increase in Shanxi province and decrease in other areas. From the variations of haze days in big cities we can see that Taiyuan, Shijiazhuang and Hohhot show a consistently growth trend, Jinan, Beijing and Tianjin city hazy days show a downward trend. Haze concentrates in December and January in big cities. It is found that the first level haze frequency associates with the city population, local dust related emissions, wind direction and the pollution sources, the second and the third level haze days have a close relationship with distribution and topography, but the fourth level haze days distributes evenly. The first level haze is the main haze pollution events in Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan and Huhehaote, next to the second level haze pollution, and the fourth level hazy days are the fewest pollution events. |
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